EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF ANTHOCLEISTA DJALONENSIS (LOGANIACEAE) IN MICE
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Abstract
Anthocleista djalonensis (Loganiaceae) is used traditionally for the treatment
of convulsions, hypertension, stomach pains, hemorrhoids, syphilis, diabetes,
and other conditions. The objective of this work was to access the
phytochemicals (using standard methods) and anticonvulsant potential (using
adult Swiss albino mice) of the ethanol leaf extract of A. djalonensis (EEAD).
The acute toxicity profile of EEAD was investigated following standard
guidelines established by the OECD 423. The study examined the
anticonvulsant activity of EEAD at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg in
pentylenetetrazole- and strychnine-induced seizure tests. The phytochemical
analysis of the extract was carried out and revealed the presence of phenols,
tannins, terpenoids and alkaloids. When given orally to mice, the extract's
median lethal dose (LD50) was more than 2000 mg/kg. Despite the fact that
there was no significant difference between the control and 200 mg/kg doses,
the ethanol leaf extract of A. djalonensis showed a significant (P<0.05) dose-dependent increase in the start of clonic and tonic seizures.. The 800 mg/kg
dose of the extract produced an almost similar effect as standard drug
(diazepam) in stopping the occurrence of clonic and tonic seizure. Also, the
higher the dose of EEAD, the higher its protection of the mice against
mortality in both strychnine and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure models
as 800 mg/kg dose produced complete protection against mortality similar to
diazepam. These findings suggest that EEAD possess anticonvulsant activity
which justifies the traditional utility of the plant in the management of
convulsion.
Description
Keywords
Anthocleista djalonensis, Anticonvulsant, Pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures, Strychnine-induced seizures, Acute toxicity