Occurrence and Antimicrobial resistance of Uropathogenic Staphylococcus aureus from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics within Ilorin.
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Date
2023-08-01
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nig. J. Pharm. Res.
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Staphylococus aureus associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) has become a serious health problem
especially with the emergence of methicillin resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA) due to the acquisition of mecA
gene leading to increasing maternal and perinatal burden. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial
resistance, β-lactamase production and methicillin resistance among uropathogenic S. aureus among pregnant women
attending selected antenatal clinics in Ilorin.
Methods: Forty-five (45) out of 79 presumptive uropathogenic S. aureus isolated over a period of 12 months from
urine samples of pregnant women were identified using standard bacteriological methods. Antibiogram studies was
performed using gentamicin (CN-10µg), ciprofloxacin (CIP-5µg), ofloxacin (OFX-5µg), tetracycline (TE-30µg),
sulphamethaxozole-trimethoprim (SXT-25µg), ampicillin (AMP-10 µg), penicillin G (P-10 units), nitrofurantoin (F
30 µg) and cefoxitin (FOX-30 µg) for the detection of MRSA by disc diffusion method. Furthermore, detection of β - lactamase producing S. aureus (BL-PSA) was carried out using Iodometric paper strip method.
Results: Of the 45 S. aureus isolates, 80% were BL-PSA, MRSA (87%), exhibiting high resistance to penicillin G
(97.8%), ampicillin (95.5%), tetracycline (77.8%) and sulphamethaxozole trimethoprim (64.4%). In addition, 56%
were multidrug-resistant (MDR) exhibiting 20 different phenotypes with CN-P-SXT-TE-AMP-FOX (15.6%) being
the majority. Notwithstanding, S. aureus isolates showed high sensitivity to nitrofurantoin (93.3%) and ofloxacin
(91.1%).
Conclusion: This study established an increasing resistance of S. aureus to different classes of antibiotics which
emphasize the need for constant surveillance to monitor antimicrobial resistance trends. Routine screening for BL
PSA and MRSA among uropathogenic S. aureus is also advocated in order to reduce the development and spread of
MDR isolates.
Description
Keywords
Antimicrobial resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, UTI, Pregnant women