Heterogeneous Catalysis of Second Generation Oil for Biodiesel Production: A Review
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wiley-VCHGmbH: ChemBioEngRev
Abstract
Abstract
The demand for cleaner fuels has been on the rise
lately, prompting researchers to explore alternative
cleaner technologies to meet the growing demand.
This has led to the introduction of renewable fuels
such as bioethanol and biodiesel. Depending on the
feedstock employed for production, renewable fuels
can be divided into first, second, and third genera
tion. Reliance on first generation biofuel feedstocks
has led to inherent competition between foods
versus fuels in the society in the last decade. Further
technological prospects in research and develop
ment have provided insight into the use of second
generation biofuel feed-stocks from non-edible
agricultural waste products, energy crops, and
crop residues. Zeolites and modified zeolites as
heterogeneous catalysts have been highly prospec
tive for the transesterification process of these
oils. Modified zeolite can act as a bi-functional
catalyst because of its acidic and basic sites. Here,
a review of transesterification reaction technology,
zeolite and modified zeolite as a heterogeneous
catalyst to generate biodiesel was discussed. Cur
rent status, challenges and future prospects are
also discussed.
Keywords: Biodiesel, Heterogeneous catalyst, Homogeneous catalyst, Transesterification, Zeolite
Description
Keywords
Citation
Biodiesel, Heterogeneous catalyst, Homogeneous catalyst, Transesterification, Zeolite