Pattern and Predictive Factors of Health‑related Quality of Life of Patients with Hypertension, Diabetes and Concomitant Hypertension with Diabetes in Ilorin, Nigeria
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Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal - Wolters Kluwer: Medknow
Abstract
Background: Hypertension and diabetes are the two most important modifiable risk factors for
cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Nigerian population. Because of the lifelong nature of
the two diseases and the attendant long treatment regimen required, assessing the health‑related
quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome of these diseases.
Objective: This study assessed the pattern and predictive factors of HRQoL among patients with
hypertension, diabetes and concomitant hypertension and diabetes using the 36‑item short‑form
version 2.
Patients and Methods: A cross‑sectional study of 1203 patients attending the outpatient clinics
of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin; the patients were sampled using systematic
random sampling methods. Patients were divided into those with hypertension, diabetes and
both diseases. The predictors of physical and mental component summaries of HRQoL were
analysed using Norm‑based Scoring. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05 and 95%
confidence interval.
Results: The patients with both diseases have lowest physical HRQoL (45.6), while the
diabetic patients have the worst mental HRQoL (39.5). Negative predictors of physical HRQoL
across the three groups were: drug regimen (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P < 0.001, both
P = 0.005), CVD complication (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P = 0.025) and accompanying
persons (P < 0.001). The positive predictors of physical HRQoL across the three groups were
medication adherence (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P < 0.001 and both P = 0.002).
Similarly, medication adherence was the positive predictor for mental HRQoL across the three
groups of patients (hypertension P < 0.001, diabetes P = 0.001 and both P < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study provided evidence to show that HRQoL across the three categories of
patients in Ilorin, Nigeria, is suboptimal. Drug regimen, medication adherence and support from
accompanying persons were important predictive factors of HRQoL.
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Keywords
Diabetes, hypertension, predictors, quality of life