Utilisation of Indigenous Ceramic Raw Materials for the Production of Water Closet
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Date
2020-08-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Scientific Research Publishing
Abstract
The fact is that Nigeria ceramic raw materials are underutilized as a result of
inadequate information on the materials which limits the local production of
water closet. The emphasis of this research was on the suitability of the physio-
chemical properties of the abundant locally sourced ceramic raw materials
from South-west Nigeria. The selected locally sourced raw materials included:
kaolin, feldspar, silica and ball clay. The Physical properties carried
out on the specimens produced include chemical analysis, shrinkage, porosity,
bulk density, modulus of rupture, plasticity and viscosity. The physical
property tests were done in accordance with (ASTM C). Standard and the
chemical composition were identified by AAS spectrometer. However, the ratio
of kaolin, feldspar, quartz and ball clay was varied in five major formulation
represented as A, B, C, D and E. The clay, kaolin, quartz and feldspar
used in this study were found to belong to alumina-silicate group suitable for
the production of standard water closet. The samples’ properties met the required
standards; hence, the materials were found suitable for production of
water closet of acceptable standards. Composition A specimen gives the most
suitable proportions for the production of water closet at 40% of kaolin, 25%
of feldspar, 10% of quartz and 25% of ball clay respectively.
Description
Keywords
Ceramics Materials, Characterization, Mould, Slip-Cast, Water-Closet
Citation
Elakhame, Z.U., Obe, Y.O., Shuaib-Babatita, Y.L., Bankole, L.K., Omowunmi, O.J., Ambali, I.O., Akinsanya, O.O., Unachukwu, A.J., Adeyemo, R.G. and Ikusedun, M. (2020) Utilisation of Indigenous Ceramic Raw Materials for the Production of Water Closet. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 8, 364-376. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2020.85023