Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of the Ethanolic Extracts of Leaf of Senna alata and Bark of Piliostigma thonningii and the effect of their combination against Skin Infections.
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Date
2020-06
Journal Title
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Publisher
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development & Practice
Abstract
The skin is the largest, multi-layered organ with a protective function. However, a breach as a
result of damage to the epidermis causes micro-organisms to penetrate and cause infections. This
study evaluated the antimicrobial activities of the extracts of leaf of Senna alata and bark of
Piliostigma thonningii as well as possible effect of the extracts combination in varying ratios.
Ethanolic extracts of leaf of S. alata and bark of P. thonningii were evaluated for antimicrobial
activities against selected Gram-positive - Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative - Escherichia
coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Citrobacter freundii, Yersinia enterocolitica; and fungal strain -
Candida albican using agar well diffusion method at 100, 200 and 300 mg/mL and in
combination at 75:25, 25:75 and 50:50 ratios against selected microorganisms. Gentamicin and
Nystatin were used as positive controls. Triplicate zones of inhibition were measured after 24
and 72 hours for bacterial and fungal isolates respectively. The extracts of S. alata and P.
thonningii had means of zones of inhibition ranging from 24.00±1.06 to 13.00±0.00 and
30.00±0.43 to 15.00±1.00 against S. aureus and 21.50±0.25 to 18.00±0.00 and 19.00±0.43 to
17.00±0.81 against E. coli respectively. Only the extract of S. alata showed antifungal activity
with mean of zones of inhibition ranging from 30.00±0.53 to 12.00±0.82 against C. albicans.
The synergistic activity S. alata and P. thonningii at ratio 50:50 produced the highest activity
against S. aureus and E. coli. Considering these antimicrobial activities observed, the two
extracts have shown interesting potentials in the treatment of skin infections.
Description
Keywords
S. alata, P. thonningii, Antimicrobial activities, Skin infections