Efficacy of Agricultural Wastes in the Control of Rice Cyst Nematode (Heterodera sacchari).
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Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus. University of Zagreb
Abstract
Rice cultivation is endangered by plant parasitic nematodes. Rice cyst nematode
(Heterodera sacchari Luc & Merni, 1963) is one of the nematode pests which affect the
quantity and quality of rice. The use of synthetic nematicide has reduced considerably
yield losses incurred by H. sacchari infestation; this achievement is associated with
environmental damage and occurrence of pesticide residue in food. In an effort to
redeem the environment, development of alternatives to conventional nematicide
is imperative. Agricultural wastes are renewable source of bio-pesticides if properly
processed. The objectives of this research were: to hydrolyze pentoses and convert it to
furfural in agricultural wastes; to determine the amount of furfural in 100, 150 and 200
g of agricultural waste; to incorporate the agricultural waste material into the soil as
soil amendment; to determine how much furfural was released in the process of acidic/
enzymatic hydrolysis of the biomaterial, and to determine the nematicidal effect of
furfural in control of rice cyst nematode. Corn cobs (CNCB), rice husks (RCEH) and
sorghum husks (SGMH) were digested for furfural production in place of synthetic
nematicide carbofuran (CBFN) options in the management of rice cyst nematode.
The quantity of furfural in 100, 150 and 200 g of each waste was determined, and the
agricultural wastes were applied as soil admixes. The sorghum husk (SGMH) produced
the highest furfural amount (0.796). At quantity of 200 g SGMH was significantly
(p=0.05) better than all other treatments on plant height, number of tillers and rice
yield. There was no significant difference of the effect of rate of application (level)
on final cyst count in soil and root. Agricultural wastes, especially sorghum husks,
can serve as an alternative to the use of synthetic nematicide. Residual furfural was
absent in the agricultural waste after harvest. Furfural is quickly broken down by soil
microorganisms under aerobic conditions; hence, it is not toxic to the environment
Description
Nematode Control
Keywords
pollution; hydrolysate; nematicide; extraction; furfural; Heterodera sacchari; sorghum husks
Citation
Fabiyi, O.A. Olatunji G.A, Osunlola, O.S and Umar, K.A. (2018). Efficacy of Agricultural Wastes in the Control of Rice Cyst Nematode (Heterodera sacchari). Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus. 83 (4): 329-334.