Prevalence and Trend of HBsAg, Anti-HCV and Anti-HIV among Blood Donors in a Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria
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Date
2017-01-01
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Department of Medical Biotechnology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok.
Abstract
A major risk of blood transfusion is the acquisition of one or more of the transfusion
transmissible infections. This risk correlates with the prevalence of markers of these infections in
the donor population.
The aim of the study was therefore to determine the prevalence and trend of HBsAg, HIV
and HCV among blood donors in Ilorin. The screening records of prospective, mainly family
replacement donors from January 2011 to December 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. All
screenings were done by ELISA method using kits manufactured by Inteco Diagnostics,
England, United Kingdom according to manufacturer’s instructions.36889 prospective donors were screened over the five year period. Seroprevalence of
HBsAg, HIV and HCV was 12.9%, 2.2% and 1.9% respectively. There was a gradual decline in
the prevalence of HBsAg from13.5% in 2011 to 11.3% in 2015, HIV prevalence similarly
declined from 3.2% in 2011 to 1.2% 2015, HCV prevalence fluctuated throughout the 5 year
period.
Although the prevalence of TTI among blood donors is generally on the decline, it is still
substantially high especially that of HBV. This exposes transfused patients to a substantial risk.
There is therefore the need to slow down on blood transfusion and adopt the practice of weighing
the risks and benefits before decision to transfuse any patient.
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Keywords
blood donors, HIV, Hepatitis B and C, prevalence, trend
Citation
Olawumi H.O., Shittu A.O., Durotoye I.A.