Prevalence of molecular markers associat with Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine in (three) malaria endemic local areas of Benue State, Nigeria
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Date
2024
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Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology,
Abstract
Introduction: currently, malaria (primarily caused by
106 countries and is one of the most severe public health problems globally, leading the cause of
deaths especially among children and pregnant women particularly in developing countries. This study
determined the drug-resistance molecular markers in
endemic local areas of Benue State, North-central Nigeria between June 2023 and September 2024.
Methods: the conclusive diagnosis of P. falciparum
stage of the parasite in Giemsa-stained blood smears examined under a compound microscope. The
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) extraction from
Chelex extraction method. Nested polymerase chain reaction followed by Restriction Fragment Length
Polymorphisms (PCR/RFLP) were used for the detection of
resistance transporter (pfcrt), P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (
reductase (pfdhfr) and P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase (
SPSS Version 24.00 and inferences were drawn for Statistical significance at P<0.05.
Results: the results revealed well-characteri
aminoquinolines and the antifolate drugs indicating a high prevalence of resistance: 41%, 60%, 51%
and 47% of P. falciparum isolates at codons N86
Conclusion: the prevalence of resistance of isolates to antimalarial drugs was significantly high.
Therefore, strategies to reduce multiple-strain infections should be implemented to improve antimalarial
drug efficacy and reduce the rate of spread of drug resi
Introduction
Malaria is found in over 106 countries and is one of the most severe public health
problems, affecting half of the world's population and being a leading cause of avoidable
death, especially among children and pregnant w
Malaria fever originated in Africa and spread throughout the continent as the nomadic
lifestyle was abandoned for agriculture which accidentally created favourable habitats for
2
Amase Nyamngee, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Basic
Clinical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
currently, malaria (primarily caused by Plasmodium falciparum) remains prevalent in over
106 countries and is one of the most severe public health problems globally, leading the cause of
deaths especially among children and pregnant women particularly in developing countries. This study
e molecular markers in Plasmodium falciparum infection in three malaria
central Nigeria between June 2023 and September 2024.
P. falciparum was based on identifying the characteristic asexual
stained blood smears examined under a compound microscope. The
P. falciparum positive blood samples was done using
tion method. Nested polymerase chain reaction followed by Restriction Fragment Length
Polymorphisms (PCR/RFLP) were used for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum Chloroquine
multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1), P. falciparum dihydrofolate
dihydropteroate synthase (pfdhps). Data were analysed using
SPSS Version 24.00 and inferences were drawn for Statistical significance at P<0.05.
characterized molecular markers of P. falciparum resistance to the 4
aminoquinolines and the antifolate drugs indicating a high prevalence of resistance: 41%, 60%, 51%
isolates at codons N86Y, K76T, S108N, N51I and A437G respectively.
the prevalence of resistance of isolates to antimalarial drugs was significantly high.
strain infections should be implemented to improve antimalarial
drug efficacy and reduce the rate of spread of drug resistance.
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Citation
Resistance to chloroquine: one of the factors to be considered in the prophylaxis, treatment, and control of P. falciparum malaria is the resistance of parasite strains that may arise against virtually from every drug available overtime.