Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for the removal of phenol from textile wastewater
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Date
2024-08-24
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Discover Chemical Engineering
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This study investigated the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as an adsorbent for removing total phenols from
textile wastewater. The ZnO NPs were synthesized by reducing Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O using an extract from Neem leaves
(Azadirachta indica). Characterization of the adsorbent was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectros
copy to identify functional group modifications, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) for structural
orientation, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental analysis, and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) for crys
tallinity, revealing particle crystallinity around 200 nm. Adsorption experiments were conducted over contact times of
20–60 min, with adsorbent loadings between 0.2 and 1 g/100 mL, and temperatures ranging from 30 to 50 °C. Optimal
phenol removal, achieving 55.93% (0.67 mg/L), occurred at 43.40 min, 33.70 °C, and an adsorbent dosage of 0.69 g/L
of textile wastewater. The phenol adsorption process using ZnO NPs was exothermic, spontaneous, and required low
energy, fitting well with the Langmuir isotherm and following a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Keywords Neem · Pollutants · Nanoadsorbents · Adsorption · Crystallinity · Isotherms
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Neem · Pollutants · Nanoadsorbents · Adsorption · Crystallinity · Isotherms