Antihypertensive Potential of Azadirachta indica Methanolic Leaf Extract in Salt-induced Hypertensive Rat Model
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
The Journal of Anatomical Sciences
Abstract
Hypertension is a condition arising from
persistently elevated blood pressure, leading to
severe complications, including death. Factors
such as high salt consumption and family history
predispose
individuals
to
hypertension.
Azadirachta indica (AI) has shown potential in
reducing high blood pressure, irregular heart
rhythms, and abnormal heartbeats. This study
aimed to assess the antihypertensive effect of
Azadirachta indica methanolic leaf extract
(AIMLE) on salt-induced hypertension in albino
rats. The study involved 25 healthy male albino
rats (150 - 250g), divided into five groups (A-E,
n=5). Group A received normal salt feed and
water (vehicle), group B received high-salt feed
(HSF), group C received HSF and 500 mg/kg
AIMLE, group D received HSF and 1000 mg/kg
AIMLE, and group E received HSF and 10
mg/kg Nifedipine. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic
(DBP) blood pressures were measured using the
tail cuff method. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
levels were analyzed using ELISA methods.
Nitric Oxide, Potassium, Bicarbonate, and
Sodium were assayed using the colorimetric
method. Administration of HSF caused a
significant (p <0.05) progressive increase in SBP
and DBP after 8 weeks when compared with the
normal control. However, treatment with the
serial doses of AIMLE resulted in a significant (p
<0.05) dose dependent decrease in SBP, DBP
and serum nitric oxide concentrations as well as
decrease in serum levels of ACE, ADH,
potassium, bicarbonate, and sodium ions when
compared with untreated HSF group, after 8
weeks. These findings suggest that Azadirachta
indica leaf extract may offer a natural remedy for
managing hypertension.
Keywords: Azadirachta indica, ADH, Salt
induced hypertension, Antidiuretic, ACE
Description
Keywords
Citation
Azadirachta indica, ADH, Salt induced hypertension, Antidiuretic, ACE