Mammographic outcomes among women attending a large imaging facility in Ilorin, Nigeria: a retrospective chart review
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024-05-22
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Published by PAMJ (Kenya)
Abstract
Introduction: breast cancer is the most common
cancer among women in developed and
developing countries. Breast cancer has recently
overtaken lung cancer as the most diagnosed
cancer in the world, as one in eight of all new
cancers diagnosed worldwide each year is a cancer
of the female breast. Breast cancer remains one of
the leading causes of morbidity and mortality
among women worldwide. Early detection is vital
in reducing breast cancer-related morbidity and
mortality through routine screening in women
aged 40 years and above. Unfortunately, women
do not usually present themselves for routine
breast cancer screening. Most breast cancer cases
were discovered accidentally by physicians
following presentations of related symptoms. We,
therefore, conducted a retrospective chart review
of mammographic outcomes of women in a large
imaging facility in Nigeria. Methods: we conducted
a retrospective study of women who underwent
breast cancer screening from 2014-2017 in one
center, Harmony Advanced Diagnostic Centre
(HADC), a large imaging facility in Ilorin, Kwara
State. We reviewed the mammographic films and
radiologists' reports of 111 women presented at
the facility between 2014-2017. We reviewed the
following mammographic breast features: the
reason for the scan, breast symmetry, glandular
distortion, calcification, nipple, and surrounding
tissue, breast density, axillary lymphadenopathy,
periareolar ductal system and lesion, opacity,
suggestive diagnosis, and doctors' recommendations. The data were analyzed by
SPSS version 20. We used descriptive statistics to
generate proportions, and Chi-square was used to
test for the association of categorical variables at
p<0.05 significant level.
Results: the mean age of the patients was 51.9
(±8.7) years, with the majority (57.3%) between
the ages of 50 - 69 years. The highest (34.2%)
number of scans was recorded in 2016. Fifty
(45.9%) of the scans were recommended by
doctors because of complaints of abnormal
feelings in the breast and surrounding tissues.
Fifty-six (54.1%) of the scans were done for
medical checkups or routine breast cancer
screening. Of the 56 scans done for routine breast
cancer screenings, 44.6% were solely the patients´
idea as part of their yearly routine cancer
screening exercise, while 55.4% of the scans were
suggested by doctors in the absence of any
suggestive breast cancer-related features or
problems. Breast lump was the most common
complaint leading to breast cancer screening.
Most Breast tissue opacity was in the upper outer
quadrant and upper inner quadrant at 46.0% and
23.0%, respectively. More than half (55.4%) of the
patients were suggestive of having BI-RADS I and
BI-RADS II at 27.7% each, respectively. About half
(51%) of the patients were recommended for
biopsy only, 40% for ultrasound, and 9% for both.
Breast tissue calcifications and suggestive
diagnosis were associated with the doctor´s
recommendations at p = 0.004 and 0.001,
respectively.
Conclusion: women presenting
voluntarily for routine breast cancer screening
were low, suggesting poor breast cancer
awareness in this population. Breast lumps are the
most self-reported condition leading to a scan. A
finding that is not surprising because breast lumps
can be self-detected in most cases. A considerable
number of women in this population exhibited
mammographic breast features suggestive of
breast cancer, suggesting that they are at a high
risk of developing breast cancer. Biopsy was the
preferred further investigation of choice among
the selfdoctors for confirming mammographic
outcomes.
Description
Article
Keywords
Breast, screening, cancer, mammogram
Citation
12. Ibrahim, A., Olagunju, A.O., Abdulkadir, M.K., Mpolokeng, K., Mashood, K. O., Abdullahi, A.A., Gwadabe, S.M., Imam, A.& Kadir R.E. (2024). Mammographic outcomes among women attending a large imaging facility in Ilorin, Nigeria: a retrospective chart review. PanAfrica Medical Journal- Clinical Medicine,15 (7) 1-13. Published by PAMJ (Kenya). Available online at: https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/15/7/full/ https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com//archives/index.php#15