In-vitro toxicity of essential oils from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit on eggs and second-stage juvenile of Heterodera sacchari.
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Date
2015
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Publisher
University of Ilorin
Abstract
The replacement of synthetic nematicides with comparatively more bio-degradable, bio-active
plant extracts is desirable. Studies on the nematicidal potential of different extracts of Hyptis
suaveolens on the eggs and second stage juveniles of sugarcane nematode, Heterodera sacchari
was conducted. Leaves of H. suaveolens were hydro distilled to extract the essential oil. A second
set of the leaves were extracted separately in dichloromethane (DCM) and in water. Essential oil
(EO) obtained was analyzed using Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The
essential oil was tested in-vitro along with other extracts on the eggs and second stage juveniles of
H. sacchari. The fractions were significantly (p<0.05) effective in inducing mortality. Bioactivity was
highest at a concentration of 20mg/mL, which was significantly (p<0.05) different from all other
concentrations. The essential oil (EO) compared well with the standard carbofuran (CBFN) at
65.58% and 66.06% mortality respectively, while the dichloromethane and aqueous extracts were
not as effective. Mortality increased with increase in exposure time. There was total egg hatch
inhibition with the essential oil and carbofuran, all the levels of concentration also inhibited egg
hatch. The constituent of H. suaveolens as revealed by GC/MS include sabinene (29.5%), betacaryophyllene (11.8%), terpinolene (9.8%) and 1, 8-cineole (7.3%). The extracts of the leaves of H.suaveolens are nematicidal and holds promise as a natural bio-degradable alternative crop
protectant against Heterodera sacchari
Description
Article on Control of Rice Nematode
Keywords
Heterodera sacchari; dichloromethane; essential oil; Hyptis suaveolens