Nematicidal and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Allamanda cathartica chromatographic fractions
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Date
2018-06
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African Journal of Agriculture Technology and Environment
Abstract
The environmental pollution of synthetic nematicides is enormous, due to their residual
effects and non-degradability. This study investigated the possibility of a green alternative to
replace the pollution problems of synthetic nematicides. The activity of plant secondary
metabolites against plant parasitic nematodes was tested in-vitro using chromatographic
isolates from the stem and leaves of Allamanda cathartica. Four isolates from the extracted
plant materials were tested at various concentrations (0 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL and 30
mg/mL) against Meloidogyne incognita juveniles and eggs via inhibition of egg hatch and
larval mortality tests. The result showed that egg hatch was totally inhibited among all the
isolates, few hatches were recorded in the 10mg/ml (0.26%) concentration while the control
(0mg/ml) had 48.39% hatch on day 5. Isolate four showed strong nematicidal effect, with
percentage mortality of 16.87 % after one hour of exposure comparable with the synthetic
nematicide (carbofuran). A hundred percent juvenile mortality was achieved in all the isolates
on day 2. However, the leaves of A. cathartica were more effective than the stem.
Phytochemical screening revealed that the quantities of secondary metabolites were more in
the leaves of A. carthatica than in the stems. Infra-red spectroscopic data of three of the
isolates revealed the presence of alkanes (2930, 2923 and 1460 cm-1) aldehydes (2855, 2851
and 1733cm-1) and phenols at (3650, 1115cm-1). Aliphatic amines (3200, 1460 and 1600 cm-
1) and non-cyclic ethers (1310, 1300, 1240 and1000 cm-1) are present in isolate four. This
study showed that the leaves of A. cathartica could serve as a bio-nematicide to reduce
environmental pollution.
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Journal Article
Keywords
Extraction, n-hexane, isolation, carbofuran, Meloidogyne incognita chromatography.
Citation
Fabiyi, O. A. & Omoyele, A.A. (2018). Evaluation of nematicidal and quantitative phytochemical analysis of leaf and stem chromatographic fractions from Allamanda cathartica. African Journal of Agriculture, Technology and Environment. 7 (1): 123-129. Published by University of Port Harcourt Nigeria.