Evaluation of Hospital Disinfection as a means of controlling Endemic Nosocomial Pathogens in a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
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Date
2010
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioresources
Abstract
Evaluation of hospital environment disinfection as a means of controlling endemic nosocomial pathogens in a
University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria was evaluated. Disinfectant used in the Hospital was collected from the
Infection Control unit and prepared in different concentrations. The isolated bacterial species from the hospital
environment were exposed to graded concentrations of the disinfectants and the most effective concentration on
each isolate was noted. This procedure was carried out in two successive years (2006 and 2007). Killing rate of the
isolates that were resistant to the disinfectants was also carried out and likely effective exposure time was
determined. The following bacterial species were isolated: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella Pneumoniae,
Klebsiella spp., Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas
spp., Escherichia coli, Serratia spp., Bacillus cereus, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus
aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus spp. Minimum Effective Dilution (MED)
of the disinfectant on all isolates ranged from 1:300 to1:1000. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
were the most resistant isolate with MED of 1:400 and 1:300 respectively. Result of killing rate on the two most
resistant isolates showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa required 80 and 120 minutes of
exposure respectively to the disinfectant to bring about almost total killing of these resistant isolates. The results
show that improper disinfections, degradation of disinfectant and lack of routine standardization of disinfectants are
responsible for failure of chemical disinfection as a means of controlling nosocomial infections in the hospital.
Description
Keywords
Nosocomial pathogens,, Hospital disinfections,, Disinfectants and pathogens resistance
Citation
Atata RF, Ibrahim YKE, Olurinola PF, Giwa A and Akanbi II AA, Sani AA (2010): Evaluation of Hospital Disinfection as a means of controlling Endemic Nosocomial Pathogens in a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioresources, 7(2); 156-163, Published by Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos.