Comparative Toxicological study and anti-trypanosomal potentials of aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava leaf and Moringa oleifera stem bark in Trypanosoma brucei-infected wistar rats
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Date
2017
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Centrepoint Journal (Science Edition), Published by University of Ilorin.
Abstract
African Trypanosomiasis is one of the diseases threatening more than sixty million lives on daily basis. In the search for potential new drugs, the trypanocidal activity of the aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava leaf and Moringa oleifera stem barks were investigated in Trypanosoma brucei-infected rats. The albino rats (18) were randomly assigned into five (A-F) groups, each of which contains three rats. Group A (Positive control-not infected), B (Negative control-infected) groups C and D received Iml each of the extracts, which is equivalent to 200mg/kg body weight of aqueous extracts of P. guajava leaf and M. oleifera stem bark respectively while groups E and F received 1ml each of Inositol Hexaphosphate (IP6) and Deferoxamine respectively as standard drugs. The administration of the two extracts caused a significant alteration in the average body weight, percentage liver and kidney body weight ratios, AST, albumin and urea concentrations in the serum of T. brucei-infected rats when compared with the control rats. Moreover, the two extracts cause no significant alteration in the kidney weight, while no significant difference was recorded for ALP and ALT activities in the kidney, serum and heart of the groups. The aqueous extract of P. guajava leaf reduced the level of parasitemia with extension in lifespan, comparable to that of Deferoxamine and Inositol hexaphosphate while the aqueous stem bark extract of M. oleifera could not. This shows that the P. guajava leaf extract has anti-trypanosomal activity. Furthermore, both aqueous extracts of P. guajava leaf and M. oleifera stem bark causes mild changes in the biochemical parameters at the studied dosage (200mg/kg rat body weight). Of the two natural plants used, P. guajava leaf is less toxic and produced the best pharmacological effect as such; it can be used in the management of trypanosomiasis more than M. oleifera.
Description
The aqueous extract of P. guajava leaf reduced the level of parasitemia with extension in lifespan, comparable to that of Deferoxamine and Inositol hexaphosphate while the aqueous stem bark extract of M. oleifera did not. This shows that the P. guajava leaf extract has better anti-trypanosomal activity. Furthermore, both aqueous extracts of P. guajava leaf and M. oleifera stem bark causes mild changes in the biochemical parameters at the studied dosage.
Keywords
Psidium guajava, trypanosomiasis, Moringa oleifera, parasitemia, biochemical markers
Citation
Sulaiman A. Faoziyat, Olatunde Ahmad, Iyiola O. A., Oyegoke R. A., Bello O. Kabir., Onajobi T. Esther, Olaniya D. David, Dosumu Kehinde, and Akinyele Tunde. (2017). Comparative Toxicological study and anti-trypanosomal potentials of aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava leaf and Moringa oleifera stem bark in Trypanosoma brucei-infected wistar rats. Centrepoint Journal (Science Edition), Published by University of Ilorin. Vol. 24 (1) Page: 121- 144. Available online @:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333643784_Toxicological_study_and_anti-trypanosomal_potentials_of_aqueous_extracts_of_Psidium_guajava_leaf_and_Moringa_oleifera_stem_bark_in_Trypanosoma_brucei-infected_wistar_rats ;URL: http://www.unilorin.edu.ng/centrepoint