Assessment of some heavy metals contamination in the soil of river Niger floodplain at Jebba, central Nigeria
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Date
2015
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E.W. Publications
Abstract
The assessment of heavy metal contaminants: Mn, Cr, V, Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni, was conducted on River Niger
Floodplain soil at Jebba, Central Nigeria using Contamination Factor (Cf), Factor (AF), Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) and Degree of Contamination (Cdeg). Random sampling method was adopted cutting
across the entire floodplain and the samples were subjected to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
(ICP/MS) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) methods of analyses. The computed results from the contamination indexes
revealed an average AF value of 2.2, 0.8, 0.6, 1.7, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.3 for Mn, Cr, V, Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni respectively. The
respective average of EF is: 1.1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.6, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4. The average Igeo are generally <1. The degree of
contamination ranges from low to moderate (2.5 to 14.2). The Cf shows that the soil samples are moderately
contaminated with Mn, Cu and Ni (range=1.3 to 2.2) while Cr, V, Pb, and Zn show low contamination factor
(range=0.2 to 0.8). Results also show that the source of contamination of Mn, Cu and Ni are by the various
anthropogenic activities in the area and the influence of geogenic processes is prevalent on Cr, V, Pb and Zn in the
soil samples.
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Keywords
contamination, geo-accumulation, jebba, metal