Browsing by Author "Zubair, M.F."
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Item Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) growing in North Central Nigeria(2010) Ameen, O.M; Usman, L.A; Oganija, F.S.; Hamid, A.A.; Muhammed, N.O; Zubair, M.F.; Adebayo, S.ALeaf essential oil of Annona senegalensis Pers. obtained by hydrodistillation was analysed using GC and GC/MS. The analyses revealed the abundance of oxygenated monoterpenes (65.0%). The major constituents were citronellal (30.0%), citronellol (14.8%), geranial (17.2%), thymol (8.1%), β-caryophyllene (7.8%) and carvacrol (6.92).Item CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Phyllanthus amarus (SCHUM & THONN)(Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017-06-01) Zubair, M.F.; Atolani, O.; Ibrahim, S.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Hamid, A.A.; Sowunmi, R.A.The chemical composition of the leave extracts of Phyllanthus amarus (Schum and Thonn) of the family Euphorbiaceae from Nigeria was analyzed by GC-MS. The extracts were also examined for their potential to inhibit the growth of clinical isolates following standard procedure. The major compounds identified in the hexane extract are a flavonoid, flavone 4’,5,7-triethoxy-3,3’,6- trimethoxy (20.23%) and a triterpenoid 17-(1,5-Dimethylhexyl)-6-hydroxy-5-methylestr-9-en-3-yl acetate (19.02%) while bufalin (18.71%) and tetratetracontane (12.91%) were the major compounds detected in the methanol extract. Steroidal triterpenoids are the major compounds present in the extracts as it accounted for 47% of the total detectable content in the hexane extract and 52% in the methanol extract. The steroidal triterpenoids which exist primarily as acetate in the hexane extract include cycloeucalenyl acetate, ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol acetate, macdougallin, 17-(1,5-Dimethylhexyl)-6-hydroxy-5-methylestr-9-en-3-yl acetate, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol while the methanol extract contains 6,7-epoxypregn-4-ene-9,11,18-triol-3,20-dione, 11,18-diacetate, bufalin, olean-13(18)-ene, methyl ursolate, barringenol R1 and 7,8- epoxylanostan-11-ol,3-acetoxy. Hexane extract of the plant exhibited antifungal activity on Candida albicans while methanol extract revealed significant antibacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at all concentrations of the extract between 12.5 and 100 mg/mL, the activity being comparable to the standard antibacterial drug, Oxacillin. The leaves of Phyllanthus amarus is a potential source of steroidal triterpenoids which could serve as biomarker for the plant species. The extracts of the plant may also serve as a natural source of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of some microbial infections.Item Comparative studies of constituents and antibacterial activities of leaf and fruit essential oils of Ocimium basilicum grown in north central Nigeria.(International Scientific Organization, 2013) Usman, L.A.; Ismaeel, R.O.; Zubair, M.F.; Saliu, Bolanle Kudirat; Olawore, N.O.; Elelu, N.Leaves and fruits (500g each) of Ocimum basilicum that were separately hydrodistilled, yielded 0.4 and 0.5% (v/w) of the oils respectively. Analyses of the oils using GC and GC-MS showed that, bulk of the oils were constituted by oxygenated monoterpenes. The principal constituents of the leaf and fruit oils were; linalool (61.7 and 62.9%), 1,8-cineole (17.2 and 18.7%), borneol (8.5 and 6.4%), eugenol (5.7 and 5.4%) and α-caryophyllene (4.3 and 4.0%). With the predominance of linalool in the oils, they are of linalool chemotypes. The antibacterial activities of the oils were evaluated on ten clinical bacterial isolates using disc diffusion method. The oils were found to inhibit three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The bacteria inhibited were Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumonia. Bacillus megaterium had the highest susceptibility with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg ml-1 .Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance to the oils.