Browsing by Author "Yusuff, A. T."
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Item Assessment of feeding adaptative strategies used by dairy farmers in Edu Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria(Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Kano, 2017) Badmos, A. A.; Adisa, R. S.; Adeyemi, K. D.; Yusuff, A. T.; Adefalu, L. L.; Ifabiyi, J. O.; Mohammed, N. M.; Belewu, K. D.; Animashaun, J. O.; Lawal, A. O.This study focused on the assessment of dry season cattle feeding adaptation strategies by dairy farmers in Edu local government area of Kwara state, Nigeria. Two hundred dairy farmers were purposively selected for this study in the three agricultural districts (Lafiagi, Shonga and Tsaragi) of Edu local government areas based on predominance of cattle production, in 2016. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire to elicit information on respondents’ socioeconomics characteristics, health challenges of cattle, the effects of the nutritional challenges and seasonal pattern of feeding cattle during the dry season. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage and mean score. Result shows the farmers’ age number of children and herd size were 40.2 years, 6.0 children and 45 cattle heads, respectively. Majority (70%) had tertiary education and 50.0% kept White Fulani breed. The study also reveals that daily milk output during the rainy season (500 litres) were more than the dry season daily output (300 litres from a total of two hundred animals. Health issues including inflammation of teat and udder (50%), loss of weight (12.5%), reduction in milk production(25%) and sudden death(12.5%) are examples of secondary effects of dry season nutritional challenges. The study recommends the promotion of enlightenment programmes that will adequately expose dairy farmers to improve and adaptable dry season feeding strategies.Item Correlation and prediction equations for eight-week bodyweight in Sussex and Orpington chickens(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, 2017) Fayeye, T. R.; Sola-Ojo, F. E.; Chimezie, V. O.; Yusuff, A. T.; Alagbe, O. O.Item Effect of dose level of Estrumate® (prostaglandin) on estrus response of two Nigeria breeds of goat(Kebbi State University, Aleiro, 2018) Yusuff, A. T.; Fayeye, T. R.The present study was aimed at determining the effect of dose level of prostaglandin on estrus response in Sokoto Red Goats (SRG) and West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Estrumate® (a prostanglandin analogue) was administered by intramuscular injection to thirty does (15 animals per breed) at three dose levels (0.25ml, 0.50ml and 0.75ml). Results showed that dose level influenced the proportion of animals that responded to Estrumate® in the two breeds. Results further showed marked difference in the estrus response between WAD and SRG at 0.25ml Estrumate® dose level (60 against 40% respectively). There was also breed difference in overall response (87 and 80% for WAD and SRG does, respectively). Time interval between Estrumate® administration and onset of heat ranged from 48-72 hours. Dose level influenced interval between Estrumate® administration and onset of heat in WAD goats. Dose levels of 0.50 and 0.75ml hastened the onset of heat (48-54hrs after injection) and shortened within breed variation compared to dose level of 0.25 ml (60-72 hrs after injection). Pearson correlation showed strong associations among levels of Estrumate® administration, time before the onset of heat and the number of does that showed estrus in both West African Dwarf and Sokoto Red goats. It was concluded from the study that 0.50ml of Estrumate® can be used to achieve a satisfactory estrus synchronization in both SRG and WAD doesItem Effect of plumage colour on carcass characteristics and meat quality of Nigeria local turkeys(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2021-08) Yusuff, A. T.; Saheed, K. R.; Badmos, A. A.; De Campos, J. S.; Ajao, B. H.; Aremu, J. O.This study examined the effect of plumage colour on carcass characteristics and meat quality of Nigeria local turkeys. Nine 14weeks local turkeys of different plumage colour (3 blacks, 3 white, and 3 mixed colour) were studied during the experiment. The birds were allotted into treatments based on the 3 plumage colours. Data taken were carcass weight, dressing percentage, prime cuts and relative organs’ weights, pH, drip loss, cook loss, meat colour and sensory attributes of cooked meat. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using SPSS version 25. The result obtained revealed that plumage colour affects the pH of turkey meat with a significantly higher carcass pH (5.68) from the mixed colour plumage group. It was also noted that, carcass weight, prime cuts and relative organ weight showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) irrespective of plumage colours. Similarly, the drip loss, cook loss and meat colour (lightness, redness and yellowness) were not influenced by plumage colour of the turkey while the sensory evaluation revealed that black plumaged birds group were more juicy, and had the best aroma and overall acceptability compared to others. It is therefore concluded that plumage colour affects the pH and juiciness, aroma and overall acceptability of Nigeria local turkey meatItem Effect of season and genotype on haematological profile and parasitic susceptibility of two Nigerian goat breeds and their reciprocal crosses(Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2016) Yusuff, A. T.; Fayeye, T. R.Parasitic susceptibility and hematological profile of 192 goats belonging to four genotypes (RSxRS, WADxWAD, WADxRS and RSxWAD) were assessed during wet and dry seasons of Sudan savannah zone of Nigeria. The goats were produced from the pure-breeding and reciprocal crossing of Red Sokoto (RS) and West African Dwarf (WAD) breeds. Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and White Blood Cell (WBC) count were analyzed from blood samples taken from the goats. Fecal Egg Count (FEC) and Tick counts were obtained from fecal samples and skin examination (respectively). The data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance using 2x4 factorial arrangements in a completely randomized design. There were significant (P<0.05) interactions between genotype and season in all the parameters except FEC. The crossbred goats (i.e. RSxWAD and WADxRS) had significantly higher Hb than the purebreds. RSxRS had the highest WBC (11.76c/mm3x103) in the dry season, and highest ticks infestation (4.80 ticks/head) in the wet season, which were significantly (P<0.05)higher than the WBC and ticks infestation of other genotypes. Significantly (P<0.05) higher level of ticks infestation was observed in the wet season than the dry season among the four genotypes, except WADxWAD. Hb concentration and PCV were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the dry season than the wet season in all the genotypes, except in WADxWAD. It is therefore concluded that hematological indices and parasitic susceptibility of goat are influenced by season and genotype. Crossbreeding and adequate management measures toward reducing parasitic infestations are therefore recommendedItem Effect of Storage Condition on Chemical Properties of Japanese Quail and Chicken Eggs.(Animal Science Association of Nigeria., 2018) Chimezie, V. O.; Adeyemi, K. D.; Yusuff, A. T.; Alli, O. I.; Babatunde, A. S.Item Effect of vegetable tanning on the physical properties of leathers from three Nigerian goat breeds(Society for the Conservation of Phyto-fuel and Sciences, 2013) Yusuff, A. T.; Adesiyun, A. A.; Fayeye, T. R.Assessment of physical and grain properties of bagaruwa (Acacia nilotica) tanned leathers obtained from three Nigerian breeds of goats was done using skins for seventy two, 2-3 years Red Sokoto, West African Dwarf and Sahelian goats. The study was laid out in a completely randomized design. The parameters investigated were thickness, percentage elongation, flexing endurance and grain properties. The results indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) between the leathers from the three goats’ breeds in all the physical and grain properties except in the force at burst. Sahelian (SAH) breed had the highest leather thickness (1.29mm ± 0.09), which was significantly thicker (P < 0.05) than leathers of both West African dwarf (WAD) and Sokoto red goat (SRG). Both SAH and SRG had significantly higher (P < 0.05) percentage elongation (85.38% ± 0.3.90 and 84.13% ± 3.68 respectively) than WAD (65.78% ± 2.19). Flexing endurance (%) was similar for the three breeds, but SAH leather had significantly higher (P < 0.05) load of crack and distension at both crack and burst than both WAD and SRG. The present study suggests that the use of vegetable tanning produced leathers with acceptable physical and grain properties from the three goat breeds. It further revealed that WAD and SAH breeds of goat have good leather physical and grain properties and could equally become valuable like SRG in the leather global market.Item Effect of vegetable tanning on the physical properties of leathers from three Nigerian goat breeds(Society for the Conservation of Phyto-fuel and Sciences, 2013) Yusuff, A. T.; Adesiyun, A. A.; Fayeye, T. R.Assessment of physical and grain properties of bagaruwa (Acacia nilotica) tanned leathers obtained from three Nigerian breeds of goats was done using skins for seventy two, 2-3 years Red Sokoto, West African Dwarf and Sahelian goats. The study was laid out in a completely randomized design. The parameters investigated were thickness, percentage elongation, flexing endurance and grain properties. The results indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) between the leathers from the three goats’ breeds in all the physical and grain properties except in the force at burst. Sahelian (SAH) breed had the highest leather thickness (1.29mm ± 0.09), which was significantly thicker (P < 0.05) than leathers of both West African dwarf (WAD) and Sokoto red goat (SRG). Both SAH and SRG had significantly higher (P < 0.05) percentage elongation (85.38% ± 0.3.90 and 84.13% ± 3.68 respectively) than WAD (65.78% ± 2.19). Flexing endurance (%) was similar for the three breeds, but SAH leather had significantly higher (P < 0.05) load of crack and distension at both crack and burst than both WAD and SRG. The present study suggests that the use of vegetable tanning produced leathers with acceptable physical and grain properties from the three goat breeds. It further revealed that WAD and SAH breeds of goat have good leather physical and grain properties and could equally become valuable like SRG in the leather global market.Item Effects of age, sex, season and breed on the body weight and zoometric characteristics of extensively managed Nigerian goats(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, 2016) Yusuff, A. T.; Fayeye, T. R.Adaptability of an animal to fluctuating climatic conditions is one of the most important determinants of success in livestock enterprise. The present study was conducted to determine the influence of season on the body weight (BW) and zoometric characteristics of Nigerian goats. A total of 1000 male and female goats belonging to two breeds (West African Dwarf, WAD and Red Sokoto, RS) and 5 age groups were evaluated in the wet as well as dry season using a 2x2x2x5 factorial arrangement experimental of completely randomized design. The zoometric traits considered were body length (BL), heart girth (HG), wither height (HW), neck length (NL), and neck circumference (NC). The results showed that season significantly (p<0.05) affected the overall BW, HW, NL and NC. Measurements in the wet season were significantly higher than those measured during the dry season with the exception of BW(15.19 vs 18.90 kg) and NC(22.54 vs 23.33 cm). Mean BW and all the zoometric measurements were significantly (p<0.05) higher in RS than WAD goats, and male goats had significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight and zoometric measurements than female goats. Interaction between season and age, season and breed, age and sex and between breed and age were significant (p<0.05). It was concluded that sex, age and season have interdependent implications on the BW and zoometric characteristics of RS and WAD goats. Adequate consideration to these factors is therefore recommended for effective management of goats.Item Evaluation of dressing percent and quantitative skin traits in Nigerian goat breeds(Faculty of Agriculture, Taraba State University, 2014) Yusuff, A. T.; Fayeye, T. R.Data collected on ninety-six male yearling West African Dwarf (WAD), Sokoto Red Goat (SRG) and their reciprocal crosses (i.e. WAD x SRG, SRG x WAD) were used to evaluate breed difference and heritability of dressing percent, pre- tanned skin weight, thickness and perimeter as well as the heritability of post- tanned skin weight, thickness and perimeter. WAD x SRG was significantly higher (P<0.05) in dressing percent and pre-tanned skin weight than purebred SRG and WAD goats. It was also significantly superior (P<0.05) to WAD in post-tanned skin weight, thickness and perimeter. Purebred SRG produced skins which were significantly superior (P<0.05) in pre- and post-tanned thickness than the remaining genotypes. Heritability estimates for quantitative skin traits ranged from low to high, depending on the trait under consideration, genotype and the method of computation. Dam component heritability were generally higher for pre-tanned skin thickness and perimeter while the sire component heritability was higher for dressing percent, pre-tanned skin weight and post-tanned skin perimeter. The present study suggests that a crossbreeding programme involving WAD as sire and SRG as dam lines could help to improve meat dress out and increase the production of high quality skins for the leather industryItem Fungus (Aspergillus niger) treated Ackee apple seed meal: assay of nutritive value, voluntary intake and digestibility in pregnant goat(Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, 2017) Belewu, M. A.; Yusuff, A. T.; Yusuf, M. A.This study was conducted to assess the nutritive value of Aspergillus niger treated Ackee apple seed meal (AASM) using sixteen (16) pregnant goats in a completely randomized design model. The goats were randomly grouped into four, with each group assigned different experimental diets. The experimental diets consisted of A (control) without the inclusion of fungus treated AASM while other diets had the inclusion of fungus treated AASM to replace groundnut cake (GNC) at 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% representing B, C and D respectively. Feed intake was monitored along with digestibility evaluation of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), ether extract (EE) and ash. The results showed that fungus treated diets increased the proximate value of all the nutrients considered except CF. Crude protein, crude fat and ash contents increased respectively by 2.73, 2.55 and 0.41%. The animals placed on diet B had the highest (989.57g/day) DM intake, CF (198.70g/day) and EE (107.79g/day). Significantly higher (P<0.05) digestible DM, CF and EE was also observed for diet B. Apart from the digestibility coefficient for CP where diet B had the highest value (77.48%), diet D was relatively higher (83.11%) in DM intake, CF (76.53%) and EE (91.37%). It is therefore concluded that pregnant West African dwarf goats may effectively tolerate up to 7.5% inclusion of A. niger treated AASM without any ill-healthItem Heritability Estimates for Body Weight in purebred and crossbred Nigerian Goats.(National Animal Production Research Institute, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria:, 2015) Yusuff, A. T.; Sola-Ojo, F. E.; Ojo, V.; Alli, O. I.; Fayeye, T. R.Item Heterosis and reciprocal effects for bodyweight and leather properties in Hybrid goats(Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia, 2017) Yusuff, A. T.; Badmos, A. A.; Fayeye, T. R.Identification and evaluation of economically important traits in livestock is central to genetic improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate heterosis and reciprocal effects for bodyweight and leather properties among progenies of pure and reciprocal crossing of West African Dwarf (WAD) and Red Sokoto (RS) goats. Bodyweights of 96 kids were recorded at birth, weaning and yearling. Skins collected from slaughtered goats at yearling were processed to leather using vegetable tanning approach. The leathers were subjected to physical analysis to determine Thickness, Percentage Elongation (PE), Surface Area, weight and grain properties comprising Load at Crack, Load at Tear, Distension at Crack and Distension at Tear. Heterotic effect for bodyweight was negative at birth (-8.99%) and weaning (-11.15%) but positive at yearling (6.64%). Specific heterosis for bodyweight at yearling was higher for progenies of WAD does serviced with RS bucks. General and specific heterosis were positive for all the leather traits except PE. Specific heterosis was higher when RS does were serviced with WAD bucks. Reciprocal effects for bodyweight reduces with increase in goats’ age (Birth > Weaning > Yearling: 9.88 > 6.28 > 5.62).Reciprocal effects for grain properties were generally higher than other leather traits. This study concluded that WAD and RS goats are dissimilar in leather traits and bodyweight at different ages, and that choice of sire or dam for successful crossbreeding programme is trait dependent.Item Investigation on biochemically processed castor seed meal in nutrition and physiology of Japanese quails(Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran, 2017) Annongu, A. A.; Atteh, J. O.; Joseph, J. K.; Belewu, M. A.; Adeyina, A. O.; Akanbi, A. S.; Yusuff, A. T.; Sola-Ojo, F. E.; Ajide, S. O; Chimezie, V. O.; Edoh, J. H.Native de-oiled and treated castor seed meal was subjected to proximate analysis and quantification of antinutrients (phytochemicals). Seed cake was treated by biochemical technique of solid state fermentation with Aspergillus niger and addition of calcium oxide (CaO) to give treated castor seed meal (TCSM). One hundred and twenty Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed four (4) iso-nitrogemous and iso-caloric diets containing 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% TCSM corresponding to the diet 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. While the feeding trial lasted for 56 days, feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Data on proximate composition showed that raw seed, defatted residue (cake) and the processed castor seed meal contained valuable nutrients like dry matter, crude protein, fat, fibre, mineral matter and soluble carbohydrate (NFE). Phytochemical quantification gave high levels of the anti-nutrients such as ricin, allergens, ricinine in the raw seed. However, levels of these phytochemicals were reduced by defatting and treatments of the cake meal by solid state fermentation, A. niger and CaO. Performance traits indicated decreases in feed intake, weight gain, growth and increases in mortality rates especially on the diet with the highest (7.5%) inclusion of TCSM compared to the control diet (P<0.05). Nutrients retentions on the test feedstuff were not comparable with values on the reference diet on soluble carbohydrate values which decreased with increasing CSM (P<0.05) relative to the control diet. In haematological parameters packed cell volume (PCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values on diets with TCSM were exceptionally high relative to the control diet (P<0.05). However, biochemical indices (serum protein, albumin, globulin, albumin:globulin ratio and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were not influenced by dietary CSM (P>0.05). Enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) showed decreasing trend with increasing level of CSM in diets (P<0.05). Profiling electrolytes in the fed quails showed significant variations in concentrations of Ca++ and HCO3 - on TCSM based diets (P<0.05) comparable with the control diet values. Conclusively, despite treating CSM by solid state fermentation with A. niger and CaO addition in this trial, TCSM addition still appears to induce toxic and deleterious effects on the quails. Subsequent works to enable inclusions at acceptable and higher levels after treatments are on-going.Item Milk yield and milk composition of West African dwarf does as influenced by body weight and body temperature.(Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aleiro, Nigeria, 2021) Yusuff, A. T.; Adeyemi, A. A.; Lawal, M. O.; De campos, J. S.; Ajao, B. H.; Aremu, J. O.The study was conducted to determine the effect of bodyweight and body temperature on milk yield and milk composition of West Africa Dwarf (WAD) does. A total number of sixteen lactating WAD does of different body weight were selected for the experiment. The bodyweight and body temperature of the does were taken before every milking period which lasted up to 8 weeks. Milk sample from each doe was subjected to milk composition analysis using milk analyzer. The bodyweight of the does and its corresponding milk yield were grouped into four classes (12 -15 kg, 15.1 -18 kg, 18.1-21 kg, 21.1-24 kg) while the body temperature and its corresponding milk yield and properties were portioned into three ranges (low: 36.10 – 37.00 oC; medium: 37.10 – 38.00 oC; high: 38.10 – 39.00 oC). The data obtained were subjected to one-way analysis of variance of completely randomized design. The results revealed that bodyweight significantly (P<0.05) affects milk yield but not milk composition while body temperature range of 38.10-39.00 oC influences higher milk yield (580.60 ml) It is therefore concluded that WAD does has a relatively stable milk composition irrespective of body temperature or bodyweight while the does of higher body weight produce more milk. It is therefore recommended that body temperature and bodyweight should be among the considerable criteria when selecting WAD goats for dairy purpose.Item The nutritional, sensory and bacterial attributes of four marine species in storage(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2021-09-05) Badmos, A. A.; Yusuff, A. T.; Adeshina, I.; Oyeyinka, S. O.; Lawal, A. O.Deterioration of fish and fish quality is an important issue in protein security, particularly in humid tropical regions with poor refrigeration facilities. This study evaluated the quality of Argentine hake,herring, mackerel and horse mackerel, and the changes in thesequalityparameters when these fish are stored on the shelf.Nutrient content, sensory values, as well as the microbial status of the fisheswere evaluated immediately and 2 daysafter storage.Results showed that the crude protein and ash values of the herring fish were highest, but the Mackerel was highest in fat content, while Argentina hake had the highest moisture content.The sensory values were highest for Mackerel fish. All the fish types supported bacterial growth, but the rate of growth was much higher (p<0.05) in horse mackerel. It is recommended that harvesting and processing facilities of fish be directed more towards mackerel and herring than horse mackerel, to reduce fish loss due to spoilageItem Physical properties of leathers from Nigerian goats: Influence of breed, sex and slaughter age(ASAN, 2016-09-18) Yusuff, A. T.; Badmos, A. A.; Fayeye, T. R.The influence of breed, sex and slaughter age was examined on the physical properties of leathers of red Sokoto (RS) and Sahel (SH) goats using a total of forty-eight skins. The skins used for the research were obtained in equal age and sex ratios for the two breeds and the experiment was laid out in a completely randomized factorial design. The skins were tanned using vegetable method. The leather properties examined are percentage elongation (PE), force at crack (FC), distension at crack (DC), force at tear (FT) and distension at tear (DT). The result revealed that PE and FT of the leather samples were not influenced (p>0.05) by breed. Similarly, age and sex has no effect (p>0.05) on the DT of the leathers while age had effect (p<0.05) on PE. The higher the age the higher the PE across the two breeds. Male goats had better leathers than female with respect to PE and DC while female goats’ leather were better in FC and FT. Leathers from goats of 3 years age group had higher (p<0.05) values for PE = 34.75%; FC = 21.56kg; DC = 4.39mm than that of lower age groups in all the parameters except FT of age 1 class (25.84kg). It is concluded that the RS and SH goats of different sex and ages produce leathers of different physical properties. It is therefore recommended that the required properties of leather should determines the choice of age, breed or sex of goats from which skins are collected.Item Physiological and haematoplogical indices of two Nigerian goat breeds reared under uniform conditions during dry season(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, 2017) Yusuff, A. T.; Alli, O. I.; Adeoye, A. A.; Awodi, A. S.; Yunusa, M. M.; Dabo, M.Item Prediction of body weight from linear body measurements in two different turkey breeds(The Genetics Society of Nigeria, 2021) Yusuff, A. T.; Matthew, A. O.; De Campos, J. S.; Ajao, B. H.; Lawal, M. O.; Aremu, J. O.Item Preservative effects of aqueous and ether extract of Aframomum melegueta on West African soft cheese(Bangladesh Animal Husbandry Association, 2017) Badmos, A. A.; Ahmad-El Imam, A.; Annongu, A. A.; Yusuff, A. T.; Kayode, R. M. O.; Salami, K. O.; Ahutu, I. A.; Lawal, A. O.The Total Bacterial Count, proximate composition, and sensory evaluation of West African Soft Cheese supplemented with aqueous and ether extracts of the spice Aframomum melegueta (at 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% each) were determined with a completely randomized design. Effects of the spice were monitored for 3 days. The results revealed that 3% concentration of the ether extract of the spice was the most inhibitory (p<0.05) of microbial growth for the duration of the experiment and it also significantly improved the fat, ash and protein contents of the cheese. The study recommended the addition of 3 % ether extract of A. melegueta as an additive to fortify West African soft cheese.