Browsing by Author "Usman, L.A."
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Item Chemical Composition of Leaf and Fruit Essential Oils of Hoslundia opposita Vahl Grown in Nigeria(IDOSI Publications, 2010) Usman, L.A.; Zubair, M.F; Adebayo, S.A.; Oladosu, I.A; Muhammed, N.O; Akolade, J.O.Hydrodistilled leaves and fruits of Hoslundia opposite yielded 0.54% and 0.65%v/w of essentials oils. Investigation by GC and GC-MS revealed that the bulk of the oils were constituted by oxygenated monoterpenes (81.3 and 81.4% for the leaves and fruits, respectively). The principal constituents of the leaf oil were 1,8-cineole (72.3%), α-terpineol (7.2%), sabinene (4.5%), thymol (4.2) and car-3-ene (3.7%). The fruit oil had abundance of camphor (69.5%), linalool (5.4%) and limonene (2.5%).Item Comparative studies of constituents and antibacterial activities of leaf and fruit essential oils of Ocimium basilicum grown in north central Nigeria.(International Scientific Organization, 2013) Usman, L.A.; Ismaeel, R.O.; Zubair, M.F.; Saliu, Bolanle Kudirat; Olawore, N.O.; Elelu, N.Leaves and fruits (500g each) of Ocimum basilicum that were separately hydrodistilled, yielded 0.4 and 0.5% (v/w) of the oils respectively. Analyses of the oils using GC and GC-MS showed that, bulk of the oils were constituted by oxygenated monoterpenes. The principal constituents of the leaf and fruit oils were; linalool (61.7 and 62.9%), 1,8-cineole (17.2 and 18.7%), borneol (8.5 and 6.4%), eugenol (5.7 and 5.4%) and α-caryophyllene (4.3 and 4.0%). With the predominance of linalool in the oils, they are of linalool chemotypes. The antibacterial activities of the oils were evaluated on ten clinical bacterial isolates using disc diffusion method. The oils were found to inhibit three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The bacteria inhibited were Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumonia. Bacillus megaterium had the highest susceptibility with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg ml-1 .Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance to the oils.Item Toxicological evaluation of leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis on alloxan-induced diabetic rats.(Faculty of Physical and Life Sciences, Babcock University, Nigeria., 2017) Soji-Omoniwa, O; Omoniwa, B.P.; Usman, L.A.This study investigated the toxicity effect of leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae) on alloxan –induced diabetic rats, having confirmed its antidiabetic potential in previous study. Forty (40) male albino rats were randomly selected into 4 groups ( A, B, C and D) of 10 rats each, representing (respectively) the Normal Control, Diabetic Control, Diabetic treated with 14.2 mg/kg b. wt. Metformin (reference drug), and Diabetic treated with 110 mg/kg b.wt. leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis. Experimental animals apart from the normal, diabetic, and referenced drug treated groups were treated with the 110 mg/kg b.wt of the oil for 15 days. Effect on hematological parameters, liver and kidney function tests were evaluated. Results showed that there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the concentration of red blood cell, packed cell volume and no significant difference (p<0.05) in White blood cell, lymphocyte and neutrophil when compared to the normal control. Citrus sinensis essential oil-treated diabetic rats also showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in total protein concentration, significant decrease (p<0.05) in albumin, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin concentrations compared to the normal control. Concentrations of serum creatinine and urea in the essential oil-treated diabetic rats significantly increased and decreased respectively when compared with the normal control group. A significant increase (p<0.05) was observed in the activity of heart alanine transaminase. Results of this study suggest that the leaf essential oil of Citrus sinensis at a dose of 110 mg/kg b.wt administered for 15 days might be toxic to the tissues study.