Browsing by Author "Sulaiman M.K."

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    Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum Based on Merozoite Surface Proteins 1 and 2 Genes
    (Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum, 2022-05) A. Nyamngee; Edogun H.A.; Sulaiman M.K.; Ikpe R.T.; Njan A.A.
    Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum is an important feature that makes the parasite a successful pathogen and is a risk factor for generating mutant variants involved in pathogenicity, drug resistance and immune evasion. A study was designed to determine the diversity of P. falciparum isolates based on merozoite surface protein 1 and 2, determine the predominant circulating allelic families and multiplicity of infection in Nigeria. The diagnosis was based on finding the characteristic asexual stage of the parasite in Giemsa-stained blood smears under a compound microscope. The Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from P. falciparum positive blood using Chelex extraction method followed by PCR-genotyping, targeting the merozoite surface proteins. Nested polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms were used to detect Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transport, P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1, P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase. Data were analysed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences Version 21.0 at a significance level of P<0.05. Overall, multiplicity of infection with MSP 1 and MSP 2 markers was 1.32 and 1.24 respectively. P. falciparum isolates demonstrated diverse nature in respect of MSP 1 (block 2) and MSP 2 (block 3). All the families of MSP 1 and MSP2 were detected. It was concluded that the genetic diversity of P. falciparum was comparatively high. Therefore, strategies that reduce multiple-strain infections should be implemented in order to improve antimalarial drug efficacy and reduce the rate of spread of drug resistance.
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    Prevalence of Biofilm Forming Staphylococci from Clinical Isolates in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, North Central Nigeria.
    (Arch. Bas. App. Med., 2021-07-13) A Nyamngee; Nwabuisi C; Osin O.; Sulaiman M.K.
    Biofilm, a structural community of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix which could adhere to inert or living surfaces was studied. Microorganisms that grow within the biofilm state possess several mechanisms that increase resistance to external antimicrobial treatments. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of biofilm forming staphylococci at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. One hundred and sixty-eight staphylococcal isolates from different clinical specimens were collected in a non-repetitive manner and studied at the Microbiology Laboratory of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH). These isolates were collected into 20% glycerol-brain heart infusion broth in vials and stored at - 20oC for further processing. The isolates were re-characterized using standard microbiological techniques. Biofilm detection and quantification was carried out using modified Christensen’s microtitre plate method and the optical density determined at 450nm. The prevalence of biofilm formation among Staphylococcal isolates was 56.5%. S. aureus isolates had 52.8% while coagulase negative Staphylococci had 79.2% biofilm producers. Strong biofilm production was found to be highest in urine (35.7%), followed by wound swab (31%) and blood specimen (19.0%). Some of the wards of admission showed high prevalence of biofilm producers. Notable of the wards were General Outpatient Department (21.1%), Accident and emergency (16.8%) and Neonatal intensive care unit (13.7%). The prevalence of biofilm production at UITH is relatively high and of grave concern considering the devastating effect of antimicrobial resistance, therefore, there is a need to include biofilm detection protocol in the routine microbiological examination.