Browsing by Author "Sulaiman, A.F"
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Item Comparative studies of genotoxicity and anti-plasmodial activities of stem and leaf extracts of Alstonia boonei (De Wild) in malaria-infected mice(Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria, 2017-09) Babamale, O.A; Iyiola, O.A; Adeyemi, S.B; Sulaiman, A.F; Abdulkareem, A.O; Anifowoshe, A.T; Awe, O.D; Ajani, D; Ugbomoiko, U.SDrug resistance in malaria infection is a serious public health challenge. Thus, scientific search for alternative treatment measures among the local medicinal plants is exigent. We therefore investigated the anti-plasmodial efficacy and genotoxicity of the methanolic leaf and stem extracts of Alstonia plant at varying concentration (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) in mice infected with chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei. The phytochemical screening of the extract revealed that leaf sample contained significantly higher secondary metabolites, except saponins (p<0.05). Anti-plasmodial activities of the two extracts were duration and dose- dependent. Stem bark extract showed higher curative potential with inhibition rate of 56.71% at 400 mg/kg whereas, leaf extract was efficient at 600mg/kg with 52.15% inhibition rate. Stem bark extract at 400 mg/kg improved the enzymatic activities of the mice; it lowered serum ALT (6.88±4.42) and increased liver ALT (41.07±5.56). Similarly, 400 mg/kg leaf extract showed highest AST (70.65±4.00) and ALT (44.65±7.83) activities in the kidney and liver respectively. Analysis of genotoxicity revealed that micronucleus and abnormal (binucleated, notched and blebbed) were prevalent among the experimental mice which increased significantly (p<0.05) at all concentrations except at 600mg/kg leaf extract. Therefore, this present study indicates that both leaf and stem bark extracts of A. boonei possess anti-plasmodial activity and are less genotoxic when compared with standard drug.Item Cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos raises serum urea level and causes abnormal sperm morphology in Wistar rats(Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 2019) Iyiola, Oluyinka Ajobola; Sulaiman, A.F; Sulaiman, Abdulfattah Afolabi; Anifowoshe, Abass Toba; Akolade, Jubril Olayinka; Adisa, Muhammad Jamiu; Otohinoyi, D.A; Rotimi, Damilare E.; Batiha, Gaber El-Saber; Maimako, Rotdelmwa Filibus; Adeyemi, O.SChlorpyrifos (organophosphate) and cypermethrin (pyrethroid) are insecticides, which are widely used for agricultural as well as for domestic purposes. This study investigated the toxicological effect of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin on selected organs and tissues of male Wistar rats. Nine (9) male Wistar rats were randomly grouped into three and were orally given chlorpyrifos or cypermethrin, while the control group was given distilled water for 28 days. The results revealed a significant increase (p<0.05) in rat serum AST activity for the chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin groups. Also, there was significant elevation in serum urea following oral exposure to either chlorpyrifos or cypermethrin. Conversely, a reduction in the rat liver ALP activity for treatment with cypermethrin or chlorpyrifos was recorded. The histology results revealed that the administration of chlorpyrifos but not cypermethrin for 28 days has no significant effect on the biochemical properties and sperm morphology of the rats. Taken together, findings indicate that cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos exposure in rats predisposes to renal injury, while altering sperm morphology.Item Extraction, Physicochemical, Phytochemical, Biochemical, Gc-Ms Constituents and Environmental effect of Petivera alliacea leaves(Centrepoint Journal (Science Edition), Published by University of Ilorin., 2018) Abdul Raheem, A.M.O; Sulaiman, A.F; Malomo, O.L; Oyewo, M.M; Hassan, A.; Ahmad, O.; Alimi, G.O; Afolayan, D. T; Oderan, H.A. Abdulrahim; Yusuf, O.K; Mukakadam, A.AThe study was carried out to determine the phytochemical compositions, physicochemical parameters, biochemical and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy GC-MS analysis of Petiveria alliacea leave extracts collected at three different times of the day and the results compared. The extracts were prepared using successive extraction with both non-polar and polar solvents. The physicochemical analysis revealed no significant variation in the three samples. It showed that the extracts are green in colour and acidic with a total ash content of 18.95 %. The phytochemical analysis revealed that flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, glycosides, tannins were present in the plant leaves but the composition varies in relation to the time of collection of the samples. GC-MS analysis revealed major constituents such as; 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid; 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol; Squalene and n-Hexadecanoic acid in the n-Hexane extracts of the morning and afternoon samples and major constituents of Phytol, α-linolenic acid, Pinane, Palmitic acid and 5-nonadecen-1-ol in the evening sample. In the ethanol extract, n-Hexadecanoic acid, phytol, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and 9,12-Octadecadienoyl chloride were found in the morning sample; campesterol, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid and ethyl ester in the afternoon sample while Linolenic acid, Nonadecyl cyclohexane and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate in the evening samples. It is thus concluded that P.allliacea leaves contain many bioactive components and that collection times and the extraction medium have significant effects on the chemical compositions of the leaves. These compounds possess many biological properties; however, these results confirmed the influence of the time of collection of the leaves on the composition which affect the biological activity and pharmacological applications of the plant. The variation in the constituents in the samples could be attributed to sunlight effect, since all other conditions are the same. Also leaf extracts of P.alliacea collected at three different times of the day showed varying and different toxicological effects when administered to Wistar rats.