Browsing by Author "Shittu A.O."
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Characterization, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial potentials of herbal preparation(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, A.B.U Zaria, 2019) Njinga N.S.; Bakare-Odunola, M.T.; Mustapha, K.B.; Yahaya, T.; Shittu A.O.; Bello, H.R.; Abdullahi, S.T.; Usman, S.O.; Ayanniyi, R.O.; Olufadi-Ahmed, H.Y.Herbal product (HP) (from Ricinus communis and honey) is used locally for the management of inflammatory and inflammation related disorders including asthma. The current study was carried out to determine the phytochemicals, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, chemical profile, elemental components, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of the HP used for treatment of asthma. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteus reagent and AlCl3 colorimetric method respectively. The chemo-profiling was done using TLC. Elemental analysis was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Albumin-induced paw oedema model was used to determine the anti-inflammatory activity while agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the HP at different concentrations. Flavonoids, saponins, alkaloid, cardiac glycoside, steroids and terpenoids were detected in the HP. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents obtained were 10.00 mg/g gallic acid equivalent and 336.60 mg/g quercetin equivalent respectively. The chemo-profiling showed one spot at 254 nm but none at 366 nm. AAS indicated the presence of K, Ca, Fe, Na, Zn, Cu and Pb (Cu and Pb were within WHO acceptable limit). The 100 % concentration produced sudden but transient significant reduction in oedema size at 30 minutes. However, at 60 minutes the effect produced at 25 % was comparable to that of Ibuprofen at 20 mg/kg body weight. At 100% concentration HP all the organisms tested were sensitive except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The presence of flavonoids may justify the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities thus validating its use in local treatment of AsthmaItem Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies of partitioned fractions of Lannea kerstingii Engl. And K. Krause (Anarcadiaceae)(West African College of Postgraduate Pharmacists, 2021) Njinga, N.S.; David, S.M.; Shittu A.O.; Lawal, B.A.; Bello, R.H.; Attah, F.A.U.; Usman, S.O.; Abdullahi, A.A.; Bakare-Odunola, M.T.Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to global public health and requires actions like the development of new antimicrobial with significant activities over existing drugs. Objectives: This study aims at investigating the phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of partitioned fractions of Lannea kerstingii. Methods: A quantitative phytochemistry of chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol fractions of L. kerstingii for total flavonoid, phenol and alkaloid were done using standard method; antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were determined using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and agar diffusion method respectively. Results: The chloroform fraction contained only alkaloid (11%) and steroids while all the other fractions contained phenolic compounds in the range 0.43 to 0.67 mg/g garlic acid. The total flavonoid content ranged from 0.43 to 0.67 mg/g of quercetin. The total flavonoid in the ethyl acetate was significantly different from that of the methanol fraction but not with the acetone fraction. The acetone fraction showed highest antioxidant activity (60.4%) at 0.05 mg/mL though not as comparable to vitamin C. The ethyl acetate showed high antimicrobial activity as it was active against most of the organisms tested upon and zone of inhibition ranged from 13±0.02 to 29±0.1 mm. The acetone fraction was active only against T. mentagrophytes while the methanol fraction showed no activity. Conclusion: The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities may be due to the presence of flavonoids, as well to the presence of tannins and terpenoids present in the different fractions. This makes the ethyl acetate fraction a good source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.Item Preparation and characterization of Selfdisintegrating fast dissolving valsartan tablets using novel hybridized polymer comprising Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Acacia gum(Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, 2022) Shittu A.O.; Njinga, S.N.; Ogunjobi, I.Background: Automation of pharmacotherapy is a recently emerging therapeutic approach that depends on advanced dosage form design engineered through carefully fabricated carriers from two or more excipients. The study seeks to develop and characterised in a solid dosage form, a novel, highly functional composite polymer using a hydrophilic natural (Acacia gum) and synthetic Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) polymer via cross-linking. Methods: HPMC and Acacia gum (AG) ratio 4:0; 3:1; 2:2; 1:3 and 0:4 were cross linked using citric acid. The batches were characterised by FTIR, welling index, viscosity and pH. Five batches of powder blends were prepared using the hybridized HPMC-AG composite polymer 'F , F , F , F , and F 1 2 3 4 5 as binder in the valsartan (VAL) powder blends. The blends were evaluated for bulk density, angle of repose and compressibility index. Tablets were formulated by direct compression method using Cadmach rotary tableting machine, 12.5 mm die and compression pressure of 10 KN. The tablets parameters such as thickness, diameter, weight variation test, drug content, hardness, friability, and in vitro release studies in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8). Results: The presence of the major functional groups of both polymers after cross-linking proved that there was no complex interaction after the reaction. The powder flow properties and tablets analysis for all batches F1 – F5, showed promising characteristics for an ideal tablet formulation, with average powder flow rate, tablet disintegration time, crushing strength and T90% as follow: F1 (0.10 gs-1, 16.00 min, 135 N, and 20.0 min.) respectively; F2 (0.254 gs-1, 8.48 min, 60 N, and 15.0 min.) respectively; F3 (0.269 gs-1, 10.30 mi, 85 N, and 12.0 min.) respectively; F4 (0.200 gs-1, 4.30 min, 65 N, and 8.0 min.) respectively; F5 ( 0.315 gs-1, 10.54 mi, 12 N, and 17.0 min.) respectively. The compact formulation 'F4'containing 80 mg VAL 50 mg HPMC, 150 mg AG and 120 mg cellactose have the best property for Self-Disintegrating Fast Dissolving VAL Tablet, better T90 % than the marked generic VAL tablets. Conclusion: A new 2-component composite polymer highly hydrophilic was formed from citric acid cross-linked HPMC and AG. When used with cellactose to formulate VAL tablets it compressed directly and is suitable for formulation of a new Self-Disintegrating Fast Dissolving Oral Solid Dosage Form with improved bioavailability