Browsing by Author "Sanya, Emmanuel"
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Item Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess the doctors and nurses knowledge of acute oxygen therapy(PLoS ONE, 2019-02-04) Desalu, Olufemi; Aladesanmi, Adeniyi; Ojuawo, Olutobi; Opeyemi, Christopher; Ibraheem, Rasheedah; Suleiman, Zakari; Oyedepo, Olanrewaju; Adesina, Kikelomo; Oloyede, Taofeek; Sanya, EmmanuelBackground: Prescription and administration of oxygen in emergencies by healthcare providers are reported to be inappropriate in most settings. There is a huge gap in the knowledge of health care providers on various aspects of oxygen therapy, and this may be a barrier to optimal oxygen administration. Hence, it is essential to ascertain providers’ knowledge of acute oxygen therapy so that appropriate educational interventions are instituted for better delivery. There is no available validated instrument to assess knowledge of acute oxygen therapy. The study aimed to develop, validate and evaluate the test-retest reliability of a questionnaire to determine the doctors and nurses understanding of acute oxygen therapy. Methods: This study involved the development of the questionnaire contents by a literature review, assessment of face validity (n = 5), content validity, using a panel of experts (n = 10), item analysis and test-retest reliability among a sample (n = 121) of doctors and nurses. Results: Face validity indicated that the questionnaire was quick to complete (10–15 min), most items were easy to follow and comprehensible. The global content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.85. The test-retest reliability statistics showed a kappa coefficient of 0.546–0.897 (all P<0.001) and percentage agreement of 80–98.3% indicating high temporal stability in the target population. In total, 90% of the items fulfilled the reliability acceptance criteria. Item discrimination analysis showed that most questions were at an acceptable level. The final questionnaire included 37 item questions and eight sections. Conclusion: The designed questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing knowledge of acute oxygen therapy among doctors and nurses.Item Perception and attitude to epilepsy among teachers in primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions in middle belt Nigeria(Royal Society of Medicine Press (Sage Publishers), 2005) Sanya, Emmanuel; Salami, T; Goodman, Olayinka; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Araoye, MargaretCompared with the disability associated with repeated seizures or side-effects of antiepileptic medications, the social stigma associated with epilepsy is often a major handicap to people living with this condition. This study therefore looked at the knowledge, attitude and perception of teachers who see a lot of epileptics, relates on daily bases and have a high influence on students with epilepsy. Self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information from 460 randomly selected teachers in primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions in Kwara State-middle belt of Nigeria. The response rate was 75%. Almost all of the teachers had heard about epilepsy, but their awareness does not equate with the acceptance and understanding of epilepsy. About 30.5% believed that it could be contracted through the saliva of an epileptic, 27.7% thought it was synonymous with possession with evil spirit, while 10% misunderstood epilepsy for insanity. Close to one-fifth of the teachers were of the opinion that epileptic students have a below average mental capacity compared with other students and so cannot attainment the highest possible education. Negative attitude and bias towards epilepsy is still deeply ingrained among teachers in Nigeria. Apart from formal education, teachers need to have health education courses on common disease conditions such as epilepsy that are prevalent in school age. This might help to reduce prejudice and increase the acceptance of epileptic individuals into the classroom.Item Physicians' prescribing pattern, perceived safety of asthma medications and management of asthma during pregnancy in Nigeria(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2015) Desalu, Olufemi; Adesina, Kikelomo; Adeoti, Adekunle; Fadare, Joseph; Sanya, Emmanuel; Shorunmu, Teslim; Okere, RaymondBackground: Under‑treatment of asthma in pregnancy can result in adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. The potential risk of teratogenicity may limit prompt and adequate management of medical disorders in pregnancy. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the physicians’ prescribing pattern, their perceived safety of asthma medications and management of asthma during pregnancy in obstetric care units of a developing country. Materials and Methods: A self‑administered questionnaire containing case vignettes and multiple choice questions were used to evaluate the physicians prescribing practices, their perceived safety of medications and approach to asthma management in pregnancy. Result: Of the 144 doctors that participated in the study; 76 (52.8%) would prefer inhaled long‑acting β2 agonist and inhaled corticosteroids combination (LABA/ICSs) while 10 (6.9%) would prefer leukotriene antagonists (LTA) as a controller medication in the first trimester of pregnancy. Short‑acting β2 agonists, LABA, and theophylline were perceived to be safest throughout pregnancy, corticosteroids and cromoglycates were considered unsafe in first trimester while LTA were considered unsafe in all the trimesters by a majority of respondents. To gain asthma control in a patient already on low dose LABA/ICS, 94 (65.3%) of the doctors would refer their to a respiratory specialist instead of increasing the dose of LABA/ICS. Less than half (42.3%) were willing to address medication compliance in nonconforming patients. The majority (72.2%) of the doctors’ self‑reported nonadherence to the asthma treatment guideline. Conclusion: Even though, most of the physicians caring for pregnant women seem to prefer LABA/ICS combination for asthma control, there exist a knowledge gap in the stepwise management of asthma, perceived safety of most asthma medications and tackling poor medication adherence.Item Prevalence and clinical implications of psychopathology in adults with epilepsy seen in an outpatient clinic in NIGERIA(Elvesier, 2014) Tunde-Ayinmode, Mosunmola; Ajiboye, Peter; Abiodun, Olatunji; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Sanya, EmmanuelBackground The psychopathological and clinical characteristics of adult patients with epilepsy attending our neurology clinic were evaluated to determine prevalence of psychopathology and its associated factors towards improving services and initiating collaborative care which is currently nonexistent. Methods The study was a two-stage procedure conducted over 1 year using the General Health Questionnaire in the first stage and Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry in the second stage. Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders was based on International Classification of Diseases: 10th Revision criteria. Results Sixty-three patients were interviewed. Mean age was 34.43 ± 13.7 years; more than half of the patients had less than one seizure episode per month. Fourteen patients (22.2%) had partial epilepsy; 40 (63.5%), generalized; and 9 (14.3%), unclassified seizures. The rate of psychiatric morbidity was found to be 28.6%. Depressive disorders were the most common (66.7%), followed by psychotic disorders (11.1%), anxiety disorders (11.1%) and dementia (11.1%). Psychopathology was more common in women (P= .007), those older than 40 years (P= .038) and those with partial epilepsy (P= .017). Conclusion About one third of patients with epilepsy studied had undetected and untreated psychopathology. Our neurology clinic urgently needs currently nonexistent collaborative care involving neurologists, psychiatrists and primary care physicians in order to improve the mental health of the patients with epilepsy.Item Psychiatric morbidity in a Nigerian Neurology Clinic(East African Medical Association, 2012) Ajiboye, Peter; Abiodun, Olatunji; Tunde-Ayinmode, Mosunmola; Sanya, Emmanuel; Wahab, Kolawole; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ayanda, Kazeem; Jimba, Muhammed; Agbabiaka, KehindeObjective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among patients attending a neurology outpatient clinic. Design: A two-stage screening procedure with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ- 12) and Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) was used to assess psychological disorders over a one year period. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on ICD-10 criteria. Setting: University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin- Nigeria Subjects: Two hundred and thirty-five (235) patients aged 18 years and above attending the neurology outpatient clinic. Results: Overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 26.0% (61/235). The most frequent diagnoses were depression (14.9%), generalised anxiety disorder (5.5%), dementia (2.6%) and substance use disorder (1.3%). Significantly more patients with stroke had psychiatric morbidity. Conclusion: The study supports previous reports that psychiatric disorders are quite common among patients with neurological disorders. Efforts should, therefore, be directed at identifying and treating neurological patients with psychiatric morbidity since this will ensure improved outcome. In this regard, mental health professionals would need to provide liaison services for the neurologists and train them in the use of simple screening instruments for detecting associated psychiatric disorders with appropriate referral where necessary.Item Psychiatric Morbidity in Stroke Patients Attending a Neurology Clinic in Nigeria(Makerere University Medical School, Ugand, 2013) Tunde-Ayinmode, Mosunmola; Ajiboye, Peter; Abiodun, Olatunji; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Sanya, Emmanuel; Wahab, KolawoleBack ground: Stroke produces a wide range of mental and emotional disorders. Neuropsychiatric complications associated with stroke may have negative effects on the social functioning, overall quality of life and the recovery of motor functioning of stroke survivors. Objective: To determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among stroke patients attending neurology outpatient clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin- Nigeria. Methods: All patients with stroke aged 18 years and above at an outpatient neurology clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria were assessed for mental and emotional disorders using the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) over one year (March 2009 to February 2010). Results: Overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 36.0% (30/83) among 83 patients who constituted the study population. Specific diagnoses recorded were depression (19.2%), generalised anxiety disorder (9.6%), harmful alcohol use (2.4%); dementia, somatoform disorder, phobia and delusional disorder each had a prevalence of 1.2%. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were not significantly associated with psychiatric morbidity. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders are often associated with stroke. Identifying and treating stroke patients with these psychiatric co- morbidities could thus help to improve the overall quality of life of these patients