Browsing by Author "Sakariyahu, O. R"
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Item Effect of pricing decisions on performance of small and medium enterprises in Kwara State.(Department of Accounting, Kaduna State University., 2014) Olaniyi, T.A; Abiola, W.O; Oluwatusin, R.G; Sakariyahu, O. RThe strategic nature of price determination has been trivialized by the SMEs in Nigeria as they jumped at any opportunity of temporary raw material scarcity or associate price hike to increase their product prices leaving the consumers with paying higher for products that remain the same in quality and quantity. This share lack of pricing and marketing strategies had led to constant strike actions and increase in prices by bakeries in Kwara State and thus propelled the need to evaluate the effect of pricing decisions on turnover of these bakeries which forms the fundamental objectives of this paper. The primary data used in this study were obtained through questionnaire administration on 100 purposively selected respondents from 20 registered bakeries in Kwara State while the secondary data were obtained from the records of these bakeries. The primary data were analyzed descriptively while the secondary data were analyzed using student t-distribution test of two mean and price elasticity of demand was conducted while Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient was carried out to establish the degree of relationship between turnover and changes in pricing decision. The result reveals an insignificant increase in turnover /profitability as price of bread increase while no form of conventional pricing methods or marketing strategies is followed in pricing policy of the bakeries but they depend on the rule of thumb as well as their desire profit margin in fixing product prices (X1-X2=65.06, T=0.67 and R2=84%). More so, the demand for bread is inelastic as it has no close substitute. The study recommends that training of the bakery operators on conventional pricing and marketing strategies, while serviced of experts should be engaged in price determination with a view to keep cost of production under control and evolves appropriate prices that will increase their turnover and bring value to the consumers.Item Effect of tax rate,tax avoidance and tax evasion on revenue generation in Nigeria(Faculty of Management & Social Sciences, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai., 2014) Olaniyi, T.A; Olabisi, S.O; Adeyemi, Z.A; Sakariyahu, O. RThe shift from dependence on oil revenue to Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) of which tax constitutes a huge proportion to finance developmental functions in Nigeria has not yielded the required results due to draw down on the country’s revenue base by tax rate, tax avoidance and tax evasion practices. This study, therefore, evaluates the effect of these dominant factors (tax rate, tax avoidance and tax evasion) on company income tax revenue in Nigeria, using a survey method via the instrument of questionnaire on a sample of 396 employees of Federal Inland Revenue Service in Nigeria. The reliability confirmatory test yielded 0.81 and 0.78 coefficients (Crombach Alpha) for dependent and independent variables respectively while hypotheses of significant relationships between and among the dominants factors and companies income tax revenue were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) model. The study finds a significant tax evasion and tax avoidance practices among Nigerian companies while prevailing ax rate has been adjusted fairly high which has resulted into negative significant impact on tax revenue. The study also reveals lack of transparency on the use of tax revenue which fuels more tax evasion and tax avoidance practices. It was therefore, recommended that tax rate should be lowered while Nigerian government should demonstrate accountability and transparency in the utilization of company income tax revenues on developmental functions with a view to discourage tax avoidance, tax evasion and boost revenue base as well.Item The relationship between internally generated revenue and government financing in Kwara state: a critical evaluation(Department of Accounting, Adekunle Ajasin University, 2014) Olaniyi, T.A; Olanrewaju, O.E; Abiola, W.O; Sakariyahu, O. ROverreliance on federal allocation by Nigerian Sates placed them in an invidious financial position that led to agitation for consistent review of allocation formula as well as call for increased funding of the states. This study evaluates the extent to which internally generated revenue could finance Kwara State expenditures between 2002 – 2011 using secondary data relating to Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) , Total Revenue (TR), Total Expenditure (TE), Capital Expenditure (CE) and Recurrent Expenditure (RE). A ration/trend analysis of the relationship among the variables was carried out to determine the ability of the state to meet its capital project financing while satisfying employee demands in the absence of federal allocations while a regression analysis to measure the relationship among the variables is also carried out. The study reveals that IGR is insufficient to either finance RE or CE individually not to talk of combining the two while its reliance on federal allocation is perilous, IGR constitute an insignificant proportion of TR and contribute minimally to economic growth of the state. The study therefore recommends effective capturing of existing revenue base, identification of other revenue sources while effective revenue administration should be entrenched to ensure maximum revenue collection and remission with a view to block tax avoidance /revenue leakage for effective deployment of IGR towards government financing.