Browsing by Author "Sadiq, B. O"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    Design of a Low-Cost Controller for Smart Prepaid Meters
    (Published by Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 2020-09-25) Zakariyya, O . S; Olayanju, S. A; Abara, I. E; Salami, A. F; Sadiq, B. O; Alao, R. A
    This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-cost, low-complexity, energy-efficient controller with remote recharge and load shedding capability. The system is recharged remotely by an SMS sent to a registered SIM card in a GSM module, a voltage and current sensor measures the load power usage, a microcontroller is used to keep track of the power consumption and signals the relay in order to execute the load shedding when the predetermined threshold is reached. The whole system is powered by a power supply unit which converts the 220V AC from the supply mains to a 5V DC. After the design and upon testing, the energy measurement circuit worked with minimal error, the relay switch executed the load shedding function without delay, the GSM showed good network reception and the operation of the system was cheap and simple thus satisfying the objective of the research.
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    Design of Multiband and Ultrawidband Circular Fractal Antenna with Partial Ground Plane
    (Published by Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, 2018-10) Zakariyya, O . S; Uyguroglu, R; Sadiq, B. O
    Due to advancements in communication technology, there is an increase in the demand of small size, low cost, multiband and ultra-wideband antennas. With a view to address these demands, a fractal design was employed in this study. Despite the advantages provided by these antennas, performance enhanced further by using a partial ground plane. This research work presents an antenna which is based on the well-known Sierpinski Carpet fractal with iteration factor of 1/3. A multiband circular patch antenna using third order Sierpinski Carpet was designed to operate at 1.88GHz. The proposed antenna was modified with a partial ground structure to achieve ultra-wideband behaviour with a bandwidth of 8.18GHz at centre frequency of 2.54GHz. The antenna was simulated using three dimensional finite integration time domain commercial software microwave studio
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    Didactic Performance Review of Selected Topology-Aware Routing Strategies for Clustering Sensor Networks
    (Faculty of Engineering & Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2019-12) Salami, A . F; Zakariyya, O . S; Amuda, Sulyman A. Y; Sadiq, B. O; Abdulrahman, O. A
    ABSTRACT: In this paper, cluster-based routing (CBR) protocols for addressing issues pertinent to energy consumption, network lifespan, resource allocation and network coverage are reviewed. The paper presents an in-depth performance analysis and critical review of selected CBR algorithms. The study is domain-specific and simulation-based with emphasis on the tripartite trade-off between coverage, connectivity and lifespan. The rigorous statistical analysis of selected CBR schemes was also presented. Network simulation was conducted with Java-based Atarraya discrete-event simulation toolkit while statistical analysis was carried out using MATLAB. It was observed that the Periodic, Event-Driven and Query-Based Routing (PEQ) schemes performs better than Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Threshold-Sensitive Energy-Efficient Sensor Network (TEEN) and Geographic Adaptive Fidelity (GAF) in terms of network lifespan, energy consumption and network throughput.
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    Dual Band Fractal Antenna Design for Wireless Application
    (Published by Department of Computer Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya (Indonesia), 2016-10) Zakariyya, O . S; Sadiq, B. O; Olaniyan, A. A; Salami, A. F
    The objective of this paper was to design and analyse a dual wide band compact antenna for wireless application. Microstrip patch antenna limitation can be overcome by using fractal geometry. The proposed antenna was designed with a radius of 15mm on a FR4 lossy substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and loss factor of 0.025. Measurement result showed that the antenna has a dual band of operation with bandwidth for return loss below -10dB of 1.84GHz (2.2GHz-4.07GHz) and 2GHz (6GHz-8GHz) which can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) and Ultra wide band applications.
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    Evaluative Assessment of an X-band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Systems.
    (Published by College of Engineering Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), Ekiti State, Nigeria., 2018-07) Salami, A . F; Zakariyya, O. S; Sadiq, B. O; Abdulrahman, O. A
    Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are rapidly gaining more attention due to the proliferation of communication devices and systems with frequencies becoming more suitable for the size and performance of this type of antenna. Due to recent advancements in semiconductor technology, high dielectric constant materials are used to achieve additional size reduction which has made MPAs very useful and popular in the design of mobile devices and wireless systems. However, MPAs suffer from problems associated with narrow bandwidth and low gain. Techniques employed for improving the performance of MPA hinge on tweaking features such as the patch size, substrate height, ground plane size and feeding method. In view of this, this research designs and analyses the performance of an X-band MPA for wireless systems using CST Microwave Studio. Including the ground plane, the proposed design has a low-profile structure of 17 mm × 17 mm × 1.6 mm which is suitable for wireless systems. The proposed design also resonates at a frequency of 10 GHz with an omnidirectional radiation pattern exhibiting a gain of 7.2 dBi. Return Loss, VSWR, Gain and Radiation Pattern are the performance indicators employed in this research. The proposed MPA design demonstrates marked performance improvement when benchmarked with a similar MPA designed for 5G applications.
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    A High Gain Patch Antenna Array for 5g Communication
    (published by IEEE Xplore, 2019-10-17) Zakariyya, O . S; Sadiq, B. O; Adebayo, M. A; Salami, A. F; Usman, A. M; Afolayan, M. A
    This research proposed a 1X4 patch antenna array for 5G Communication. The proposed antenna was designed to resonate at 28GHz frequency band. CST Microwave studio was used for the simulation of the antenna by employing Roger RT 5880 LZ with thickness and permittivity 0.762mm and 1.96 respectively as the substrate. The antenna was fed using a quarter-wave transformer to match its impedance to 50 ohms. The single patch resonates at 27.9GHz frequency with; a bandwidth of 1.87GHz, and a gain of 7.79dB. The addition of another element brought about an increment in the above-mentioned values. Furthermore, the implementation of the four element array configuration brought about the significant enhancement of values for bandwidth and antenna gain with maximum achievable gain of 13.5 dB. The design procedure, structure and simulation of the antenna are discussed in this paper.
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    A High Gain Patch Antenna Array for 5G Communication.
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)., 2019-10) Zakariyya, O. S; Sadiq, B. O; Adebayo, M. A; Salami, A. F; Usman, A. M; Afolayan, M. A
    This research proposed a 1X4 patch antenna array for 5G Communication. The proposed antenna was designed to resonate at 28GHz frequency band. CST Microwave studio was used for the simulation of the antenna by employing Roger RT 5880 LZ with thickness and permittivity 0.762mm and 1.96 respectively as the substrate. The antenna was fed using a quarter-wave transformer to match its impedance to 50 ohms. The single patch resonates at 27.9GHz frequency with; a bandwidth of 1.87GHz, and a gain of 7.79dB. The addition of another element brought about an increment in the above-mentioned values. Furthermore, the implementation of the four element array configuration brought about the significant enhancement of values for bandwidth and antenna gain with maximum achievable gain of 13.5 dB. The design procedure, structure and simulation of the antenna are discussed in this paper.
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    An Improved U-Slot Based 1 X 2 Triple Band Antenna Array for Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs)
    (Faculty of Technology Education, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria, 2017-12) Sadiq, B. O; Zakariyya, O. S; Olayanju, S. A; Adedokun, A. E
    The objective of this paper is to design an improved U-Slot based 1 X 2 triple band antenna array for Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs). The purpose of this modification is to increase the bandwidth and gain of the existing 1 X 2 triple band antenna array. This is because high bandwidth and gain are essential requirement for UAVs in FANET. However, to achieve this, the resonating frequency needed to be selected appropriately. The proposed antenna array resonates at 3.2GHz, 5.1GHz and 6.4GHz frequency band respectively. The antenna is optimized using a U-Slot resonating at triple-bands by introducing two symmetrical slits at the non-radiating edges of the patch. Simulation results were achieved using CST Studio and showed that the antenna has a bandwidth of 313MHz, 51MHz and 167MHz for the three bands respectively. This implies that practical applications can be achieved using this antenna.
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    Investigative Analysis of Li-Fi Efficiency in 2d And 3d Image Transmission
    (Published by Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, 2018-10) Sadiq, B. O; Salawudeen, A. T; Abdullahi, H; Zakariyya, O. S; Abubakar, A. S
    The use of wireless and networked devices is rising exponentially, making the current radio frequency spectrum overcrowded. In view of this, this paper presents an investigative analysis of using Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) as an alternative to Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional image transmission. A Li-Fi transmitter and receiver circuit diagram were developed and implemented for the purpose of the transmission. A program interface for the Li-Fi circuitry was implemented using MATLAB 2016b software. The conversion of the input image was achieved using the image processing toolbox in the MATLAB software. Therefore, it can be concluded that the channel provides high security due to the fact that light rays do not penetrate walls as well as the reasonable bandwidth required to carry both compressed and uncompressed images (2D/3D). Thus, making it suitable for image transmission.
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    Modified Edge Fed Sierpinski Carpet Miniaturized Microstrip Patch Antenna
    (Published by Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, (UNN) Nigeria, 2016-07) Zakariyya, O . S; Sadiq, B. O; Abdulrahman, O . A; Salami, A. F
    This paper presented a modified edge fed Sierpinski carpet microstrip patch antenna for antenna miniaturization.The proposed design was etched as Sierpinski carpet to lower the antenna resonant frequency, which is used to reduce the conventional patch antenna size. After the Sierpinski carpet second iteration, the proposed antenna was modified by replacing the rectangular slot in the middle of the patch with a circular slot. Simulation results showed that the proposed antenna achieved 46.5% size reduction when compared with the main patch antenna without affecting the resonant frequency and radiation patterns.
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    On the Accuracy of Edge Detectors in Number Plate Extraction
    (Published by Vilnius University and University of Latvia, 2019) Sadiq, B. O; Ochia, E. O; Zakariyya, O . S; Salami, A. F
    Edge detection as a pre-processing stage is a fundamental and important aspect of the number plate extraction system. This is due to the fact that the identification of a particular vehicle is achievable using the number plate because each number plate is unique to a vehicle. As such, the characters of a number plate system that differ in lines and shapes can be extracted using the principle of edge detection. This paper presents a method of number plate extraction using edge detection technique. Edges in number plates are identified with changes in the intensity of pixel values. Therefore, these edges are identified using a single based pixel or collection of pixel-based approach. The efficiency of these approaches of edge detection algorithms in number plate extraction in both noisy and clean environment are experimented. Experimental results are achieved in MATLAB 2017b using the Pratt Figure of Merit (PFOM) as a performance metric
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    A particle Swarm Optimization Based Edge Detection Algorithm for Noisy Coloured Images
    (Indian Academicians and Researchers Association, Indian, 2016-12) Sadiq, B. O; Zakariyya, O. S; Abdulrahman, O. A; Usman, A. M; Alao, R. A
    This paper presents an improved edge detection algorithm using particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on vector order statistics. The proposed algorithm was implemented using MATLAB 2013 script. The algorithm addressed the performance of edge detection in noisy coloured images, with a view to minimizing broken, false and thick edges whilst reducing the presence of noise. A collection scheme based on step and ramp edges was applied to the edge detection algorithm, which explores a larger area in the images in order to reduce false and broken edges. The efficiency of this algorithm was tested on two Berkeley benchmark images in noisy environments with a view to comparing results both visually and quantitatively with those obtained using proven edge detection algorithms such as the Sobel, Prewitt, Roberts, Cannyand Laplacian edge detection algorithms. The Pratt Figure of Merit (PFOM) was used as a quantitative comparison between the proposed algorithm and the proven edge detection algorithms. The PFOM on the test images in noisy environment for the Sobel, Prewitt, Roberts, Laplacian, Canny and the proposed edge detection algorithms are 0.4191, 0.4191, 0.2807, 0.2811, 0.5606 and 0.8458 respectively. This showed that the developed algorithm will perform better than the existing edge detection algorithm in multimedia systems.