Browsing by Author "Rasheed, Mumini Wemimo"

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    Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Aqueous Extract of Allium Cepa Peels in Wistar Albino Rats
    (Iranian Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 2021) Ojuade, Fatimoh Idowu; Ayanniyi, Rashidat Oluwafunke; Olumoh-Abdul, Hidayah Ayodeji; Ayeni, Adedolapo Rhoda; Rasheed, Mumini Wemimo
    Allium cepa (A. cepa) is a medicinal plant widely used as spice in food and has been reported to have antiinflammatory, antiulcer, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anticancer, and antioxidant properties amongst others. The peels from this vegetable also possess antioxidant, antiulcer, antidiabetic, antihypertensive activities to mention few. A. cepa peels is used by traditional healers to treat and or manage different ailments but little is known about the safety of A. cepa peels. This study evaluated the safety of aqueous extract of A. cepa peels (AEACP) in female Wistar albino rats. Oral acute toxicity was evaluated using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline 423, three (3) oral doses of the extract (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) were used and administered for 28 days for the subacute toxicity study. The effect of AEACP was evaluated on the: body weight, relative organ weight, hematological parameters, hepatic and renal parameters. The effect of AEACP was also evaluated on the histology of the kidney and liver. The median lethal dose (LD50) was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg and administration of AEACP produced no significant (p˂0.05) differences in body weight, relative kidney weight, creatinine, and uric acid when compared with control group. There were significant (p˂0.05) reduction in relative liver weight, serum sodium, and serum chloride level in 500 mg/kg group and the percentage reduction in comparison with control was 15.24 ± 1.98, 42.45 ± 2.40, and 9. 65 ± 1.07 respectively. The PLT and ALT values in 125 mg/kg group were significantly (p˂0.05) lowered by 26.26 ± 2.96 and 39.46 ± 3.04% when compared with control. The WBC, uric acid, Albumin, and D. bilirubin values in 500 mg/kg group were significantly reduced (p˂0.05) compared with 125 mg/kg group with percentage reductions of 32.10 ± 2.31, 7.79 ± 1.03, 17.89 ± 2.34, and 27.37 ± 2.79 respectively. The urea level in groups treated with 125 and 250 mg/kg of AEACP was significantly lower than the control group and the percentage reduction were found to be 54.17 ± 2.10 and 37.15 ± 1.98 respectively. The histopathological examinations showed no traces of toxicity as the architecture of the liver and kidney were preserved. Acute and subacute use of Allium cepa peels produced no toxicity, its folkloric use is safe and should be encouraged..
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    ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES ON METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF TURRAEA VOGELII HOOK. F. EX. BENTH.
    (National Association of Pharmacists in Academia, 2018-03) Rasheedat Oluwafunke, Ayanniyi; Abdul-Olumoh, Hidayah Ayodeji; Ojuade, Fatimoh Idowu; Adebisi-jose, Gbemisola O.; Rasheed, Mumini Wemimo
    In Africa, majority of people rely on medicinal plants for their health care needs as well as for food. There are numerous scientific reports on efficacy of medicinal plants, with limited reports on the safety of these plants. Turraea vogelii Hook. f. ex. Benth. is an ethno medicinal plant indigenous to Tropical Africa. It is used as food, drinks and widely explored in ethno medicine for treatment of various ailments including; wounds, stomach ache, malaria fever, intestinal worms and urogenital infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and subacute oral toxicity of methanol leaf extract of T. vogelii in experimental animals. Acute oral toxicity was determined following OECD guideline 423. Doses of 125, 250, 500 mg/kg were administered for 28 days in the subacute oral toxicity study. Effect of extract on haematological parameters, liver and kidney function markers were determined. The acute oral toxicity of Turraea vogelii was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg. The extract had no significant effect on haematological parameters, liver and renal function parameters when compared with the control. The extract however produced inflammatory changes and alterations in morphology of the liver. The results from this study shows that the methanol leaf extract of Turraea vogelii produced toxic effects on the liver when repeated oral doses were administered.