Browsing by Author "Raheem, U.A."
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Item Determinants of Child Under Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Empirical Evidence from Cross Country Analysis.(2005) Ijaiya, G.T,; Yahya, A.A; Raheem, U.A.Item Disaster Risk Management and Social Impact Assessment: Understanding Preparedness, Response and Recovery in Community Projects.(Steven Silvern and Stephen Young, Intech, 2013) Raheem, U.A.; Olorunfemi, F.B,; Awotayo, G.P.,; Tunde, A. M.; Usman, B. A.INTRODUCTION. Disaster refers to an emergency caused by natural hazards or human-induced actions that results in a significant change in circumstances over a relatively short time period. Typical examples are death, displacement, disease, and loss of crops. Others may include damage to physical infrastructure, depletion of natural and social capitals, institutional weakening and a general disruption of economic and social activity. Disasters may differ somewhat in the trigger, scope, duration and requisite actions (Coletta, 2004, Olorunfemi and Raheem, 2007).Item ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT(STAMFORD LAKE (PVT) LTD., 2012) Tilakasiri, S.L.; Raheem, U.A.; Rhoda Mojisola, OlanrewajuThe accelerated pace of development the world over is creating enormous challenges to the environment through eco-system degradation and natural resource depletion. These resources also play crucial roles in ensuring adequate food and water supply as well as other life supporting services to the ever increasing world population. This chapter examines the degenerating relationship between man and nature consequent upon technologies of development in different countries. It reviews the major environmental paradigms related to development with particular references to developing countries. Using the concepts of sustainable development, Global Environmental Change and Global Warming among others, the chapter canvasses for a deliberate effort by national governments in developing countries to redirect development strategies towards a sustainable path by taking appropriate cognizance of the damaging effects of development efforts. Thus, the chapter recommends controlled urbanization, planned industrialization and eco-friendlyagriculture as development options towards sustainable development.Item LIVELIHOOD DYNAMIC IN SEMI ARID COMMUNITIES: ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE AROUND KAINJI LAKE, NIGERIA.(Environmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 2013) Raheem, U.A.; Olorunfemi, Felix; Fashae, Olutoyin; Awotayo, GbengaThe consequences of climate change and extreme meteorological events, particularly for rural dwellers is the collapse of many natural resource based livelihood systems. Thus as an adaptation strategy, many households often need to change their major occupation or supplement it with some other jobs that may be less vulnerable to during extreme weather conditions. This study examines livelihood diversification consequent on climate change and /or extreme weather events in the semi-arid regions of Nigeria. This is with a view to determining the sustainability of adaptation strategies among rural dwellers. Using a mixed method approach, Focus Group Discussion sessions and structured questionnaire were used to obtain information from 150 rural households in five communities around Kanji Lake, Nigeria. The study reveals that rural dwellers were aware of the abnormal change in temperature and the interruptions in the rainfall regime to which they were acquitted. Moreover, about 62% of farming households in the sampled communities indicated having changed their major occupation or supplement it with some jobs that were daily paid and less vulnerable during extreme weather conditions. The new occupations also yielded higher income that what farmers earned previously.Item Understanding the spatial context of sustainable urban health in Africa for the SDGs: some lessons from the corridors of deprivation in Ilorin, Nigeria(The African Specialty Group of the Association of American Geographers, 2017) Raheem, U.A.The aim of this paper is to examine spatial clusters of urban deprivations using five domains and the influence of the observed pattern on household health status in Ilorin, Nigeria. Data were obtained through a household survey of the 20 wards of Ilorin metropolis. A systematic sampling method was used to select one out of every 10 houses in randomly selected streets in each ward while one household was selected through a simple accidental method of first contact in each building. In all, 800 household heads were sampled. A composite Index of Multiple deprivation (IMD) was obtained by aggregating scores for each domain. Multiple correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the IMD and household health status. Deprivation in housing quality offered significant explanation (75.7%) for the variation in household health status (R = .87) (p < .05). Public health policies in the Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals must consider housing characteristics within the city, classify areas according to needs, and determine areas, within the city, that require positive discrimination in health resource allocation.Item Urban and rural dimensions in post-disaster adjustment challenges in selected communities in Kwara State, Nigeria(Centre for Disaster Risk Studies, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa, 2011) Raheem, U.A.Human populations are exposed to climate change directly through changing weather patterns as manifested in the more frequent extreme events and indirectly through changes in ecosystem functions. Rainstorm disasters are common events associated with environmental change and settlements in Kwara state, Nigeria were ravaged by rainstorm events between 2003 and 2006. More than 1000 households were displaced from their habitual homes with consequences for human health and other adjustment challenges. This paper examines the variations in the post-disaster adjustment challenges of rural and urban households so as to identify location specific intervention strategies in the domains of environment and health of the victims. A sample of 200 households was drawn from all households affected by rainstorm disaster as reflected in the FEMA records during the period. A structured questionnaire was administered in addition to the secondary data and analyzed using relevant statistical techniques. The findings include that most households required support before replacing the roofs and/or walls of their homes. Sources of support however vary. Urban households received more institutional support but lower than the amount required for the renovation. A significant proportion of urban households moved to poorer homes where they faced challenges relating to the quality of environmental services. Many urban respondents also reported increases in the occurrence of water-borne and weather-related diseases and ailments. Rural households indicated no significant ecological differences between their former homes and the areas to which they relocated. The paper concludes that significant variations exist in the adjustment challenges faced by rural and urban dwellers after a disaster. Community efforts hold promise for emergency response particularly during disasters in rural areas.