Browsing by Author "Oyerinola, David Sunday"

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    ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINTS AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN LOWER MIDDLE INCOME WEST AFRICAN COUNTRIES
    (The Nigeria Journal of Energy & Environmental Economics (NJEE) Department of Economics NAU, Awka, 2026-03) Oyerinola, David Sunday; Joseph, Afolabi Ibikunle
    This study examines the effects of ecological footprints on health outcomes in seven lowermiddle-income West African countries over the period 1990–2024, using the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) and Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimators, which account for cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity, and non-stationarity in panel data analysis. The empirical results show that an increase in ecological footprint reduces life expectancy, while increasing maternal mortality and infant mortality. At the component level, built-up land, forest products, and fishing grounds emerge as the most significant drivers of deteriorating health outcomes in the region. In contrast, government health expenditure and urbanization significantly reduce both maternal and infant mortality, while secondary school enrollment positively influences life expectancy and also helps to reduce infant mortality. However, GDP per capita is found to have no statistically significant effect on any of the health outcome indicators. Overall, the findings underscore the urgent need for environmentally sustainable development policies, as well as targeted investments in healthcare and education, to improve population health outcomes across lower-middle-income West African countries.
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    HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE AND HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA
    (2024) Oyerinola, David Sunday
    Health infrastructure remains a critical determinant of healthcare utilization in sub-Saharan Africa, yet Nigeria continues to face significant infrastructural deficiencies that limit access to quality healthcare services. This study investigates the effect of health infrastructure on healthcare utilization in Nigeria, focusing on facility availability, health workforce density, and adequacy of medical equipment. A mixed-methods approach was adopted using secondary data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS 2018), National Health Management Information System (NHMIS), and World Health Organization (WHO) databases, analyzed through descriptive statistics, multiple regression, binary logistic regression, and GIS mapping across the six geopolitical zones. The findings reveal that number of health facilities per population, skilled health worker density, and availability of diagnostic equipment significantly and positively influence healthcare utilization. Regional disparities were evident, with the SouthWest recording the highest utilization due to better infrastructure, while the North-East and NorthWest exhibited the lowest levels, reflecting severe infrastructural gaps. Proximity to healthcare facilities and adequate drug supply significantly enhanced the likelihood of healthcare use. The logistic regression model demonstrated that the presence ofskilled health workers tripled the odds of facility-based delivery (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 2.46-3.95), while adequate infrastructure perception nearly tripled them (OR = 2.87). The study concludes that strengthening health infrastructure is essential for improving healthcare utilization and reducing regional inequalities in Nigeria.