Browsing by Author "Omolola Soji-Omoniwa"

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    ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND INHIBITION OF Α-AMYLASE AND Α-GLUCOSIDASE IN VERNONIA AMYGDALINA DEL AND FISH OIL-ENRICHED BISCUITS
    (Nigerian Society of experimental Biology, 2023-12) Omolola Soji-Omoniwa; Omolade B. Olugbenga; Phoebe A. Adewuyi; Jubril A. Omotosho; Daniel O. Awe; Oyetunji P. Ajao; Pelumi Z. Olawale; Khadijah A. Badmos
    Vernonia amygdalina (VA) and Fish oil (FO) are important functional foods that play important roles in disease prevention and management. Incorporating them into biscuits will provide alternative and healthier snack options for consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the In vitro antioxidant potential and the inhibitory capacity of biscuits enriched with Vernonia amygdalina Del and fish oil (VFEB) against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Four biscuit samples were produced, and a conventional biscuit (B1) purchased commercially served as control. Biscuits without VA and FO (B2), and biscuits with 1 g, 2 g, and 3 g of VA and FO (B3, B4, B5). Alpha amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and In vitro antioxidant capacity assessments of experimental biscuits using various assays were carried out. Results showed that the inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase increased in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, the antioxidant capacity of B3, B4, and B5 showed a dose-dependent increase compared to B1 and B2. In conclusion, VFEB exhibited substantial antioxidant potential and possessed the ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase respectively. Hence, VFEB would be a healthier snack option whose consumption would likely improve postprandial glycemic responses.
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    Larvicidal and adulticidal activities of essential oil of Helianthus annuus (L.) seed and molecular docking of its GCMS constituents against Aedes aegypti acetylcholinesterase
    (Elsevier, 2024) Babasoji Percy Omoniwa; Titilayo Omolara Johnson; Marvellous Amarachi Acho; Charles Obiora Nwonuma; Omolola Soji-Omoniwa; Adekemi Grace Oluwafemi; Blessing Eshionimi Tomo; Kayode Odejobi; Omokolade Alejolowo; Emmanuel Olorunleke Oludipe
    Essential oils (EOs) are known to possess lethal effects on various pests and insects and are ecologically safe. The larvicidal and adulticidal activities of Helianthus annuus (L.) seed EO (HASEO) against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in silico inhibitory action of its GCMS constituents against Ae. aegypti acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were investigated. Larvae and adult Ae. aegypti (320 of each) were grouped into 4 (A - D) and exposed to DMSO, 1500, 3000 and 4500 ppm HASEO in DMSO respectively. Mortality was recorded after 0, 15, 30 and 45 min. HASEO exhibited stronger larvicidal activity than adulticidal activity against Ae. aegypti. The larvicidal and adulticidal activities of HASEO increased with increasing exposure time, with the highest mortality recorded after 45 min of exposure (larvicidal activity LC50- 2121.32 ppm; adulticidal activity LC50- 2565.20 ppm). Increase in the con centration of HASEO resulted in an increase in the larvicidal and adulticidal activities of HASEO. After 45 min of exposure, 100 % larvae mortality was recorded at 3000 and 4500 ppm HASEO while 100 % adult mortality was recorded at 4500 ppm HASEO. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of 21 compounds in HASEO with 1-chlor ononadecane (23.67 %) being the most abundant compound. Two compounds of HASEO; isopinocamphone and oxazol-5(4H)-one, 4-(4-trifluoromethylbenzylidene)-2-(2-methylphenyl)- demonstrated potential inhibitory ac tivity against Ae. aegypti AChE with comparable binding affinity to standard ligand (1S)-2,2-difluoro-1-[1- (pentan-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]ethan-1-ol. The present findings reveal that HASEO may be useful as an effective biopesticide for the control of Ae. aegypti adult and larvae and may serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticides.
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    Modulatory properties of Thespesia garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. Aqueous fruit extract on female rats reproductive hormones and tissues histology and potential inhibitory activity of its constituents against SRD5α2
    (Elsevier, 2023) Babasoji Percy Omoniwa Valentina Bangs Victor; Jamiu Oyewole Omirinde; Adam Moyosore Afodun; Charles Obiora Nwonuma; Omolola Soji-Omoniwa; Rhoda Nyamshak Dinmung; Thaddeus Terdoo Abwa; Isreal Shilly Dimka; Godfrey Patrick Abimiku; Joy Oluchi Boniface; Valentina Bangs Victor
    Ethnopharmacological relevance: Thespesia garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. is called Gorontula (Kola of Tula) in Nigeria, Morojwa in Bostwana, and Thespesia garckeana in South Africa and is widely distributed across Africa. Its parts reportedly possess multiple medicinal properties and are employed for treating various diseases. In Tula, Gombe State, Nigeria, the ripe fruit decoction is taken as remedy for female infertility as documented by Ochokwu and co in the Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare in 2015. Aim of the study: This research examined the effects of aqueous fruit extract of T. garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. (AFETG) on selected reproductive tissues and hormones in female rats and also evaluated the inhibitory potentials of its phytoconstituents against human 5-alpha reductase 2 (SRD5α2) using in silico approach. Methods: Twenty-five (25) sexually matured female rats were randomized into 5 groups (i.e. A - E). Oestrous in the rats was synchronized (subcutaneous oestradiol conjugate [10 μg/100 g BW]). Group A received distilled water (control). Group B received standard drug, clomiphene citrate (0.85 mg/kg BW), while groups C, D, and E received AFETG at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW respectively. The animals were treated for five (5) days and sacrificed 24 h after. Their blood was collected and prepared for analysis of serum prolactin, oestradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) while ovaries, uteruses, and oviducts were studied for histological and histomorphometric changes. For the in silico study, the target protein, human steroid 5α-reductase 2 (SRD5α2) was prepared and its receptor grid was generated using Optimized Potential for Liquid Simulations-2005. The ligand 2D structures were prepared using LigPrep 2.4 software and docked using Glide. The binding energy of the ligands to the protein receptor was predicted using Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) analysis. Results: AFETG significantly increased serum levels of E2 but did not alter serum levels of prolactin, LH and FSH when compared with distilled water and clomiphene citrate. AFETG also significantly increased ovarian tertiary follicular diameter, oviductal epithelial height and serosa thickness as well as uterine endometrial epithelial height, endometrial thickness, and myometrial thickness when compared with control. Ovarian secondary follicular diameter and oviductal submucosa thickness and muscular thickness were significantly decreased by AFETG when compared with control. Two compounds in T. garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc.; D-Melezitose (− 12.55 kcal/mol XP GScore) and 1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-5-oxo cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid (− 9.136 kcal/mol XP GScore) exhibited higher binding affinities for SRD5α2 than the reference ligand, epristeride (− 8.096 kcal/mol XP GScore). In conclusion, the ability of AFETG to increase serum E2 level, thickness of uterine endometrium and ovarian tertiary follicles size can be explored for the treatment of female infertility caused by thinning of the uterine endometrium and reduced follicular size. Two compounds in AFETG (i.e. D-Melezitose and 1, 3, 4-trihydroxy-5- oxo cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid are potential inhibitors of SRD5α2, thus aiding the biosynthesis of E2. Available evidence therefore corroborate the traditional use of T. garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc fruit as a female fertility enhancer in Northern Nigeria.