Browsing by Author "Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Item
    Assessment of antibody assay methods in determination of prevalence of infectious bursal disease among local chickens and guinea fowls in Kwara state, North Central Nigeria
    (Veterinary World, 2018-08) Daodu, Oluwafemi Babatunde; Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji; Aiyedun, Julius Olaniyi; Ambali, Hauwa Motunrayo; Kadir, Rafiu Adebisi; Daodu, Oluwakemi Christiana; Olorunshola, Isaac Dayo; Adah, Arimie Deborah
    Abstract Aim: This study aimed to assess available assay methods for infectious bursal disease (IBD) diagnosis and seromonitoring in local birds. It also sought to know the prevalence of IBD antibodies among local chickens and guinea fowls in Kwara state, North Central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Sera were obtained from local chickens and guinea fowls and IBD virus (IBDV) antibodies were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test, and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. Results: A total of 265 sera were obtained from local birds during dry and wet seasons. ELISA recorded the highest prevalence of 81.1% (215/265) while IHA and AGID detected IBDV antibodies in 183 (69.1%) and 122 (46%) birds, respectively. Significant differences were established for IBD-positive sera based on the assay method used, bird species, and seasons. Conclusion: This study indicated that ELISA is the most sensitive and reliable assay method while AGID is the least. It also showed that there is a high prevalence of IBDV antibodies among local birds which were not vaccinated, and this implies a high IBDV activity among these bird species in the study area. This may have significant epidemiological implications on the spread of the virus to exotic bird reared in the rural areas on a commercial scale. Thus, this study suggests continuous surveillance, awareness campaign, and advocacy for vaccination of indigenous birds against IBD.
  • Item
    Assessment of the knowledge, practice, and perception of anthrax among slaughterhouse workers in Nigeria
    (Discover Public Health, 2026) Adebowale, Oluwawemimo Oluseun; Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji; Oloye, Abimbola Adetokunbo; Muawiyyah, Muhammad Mahuta; Aliyu, Umar Babangida; Adesola, Ridwan Olamilekan; Adesokan, Hezekiah Kehinde; Ezeh, Gladys Chinelo; Akwoba, Joseph Ogugua; Richards, Arinola Bukola; Jimoh, Afeez Babatunde; Oyawole, Tayo Oluwabukola; Akinbami, Michael Abolanle; Jolaoso, Taiwo Oluwole; Tade, Adeniyi Olarenwaju; Akanbi, Ifeoluwapo Omolola
    Background Anthrax is a neglected and life-threatening infectious zoonotic disease occurring, especially in Africa. This study was conducted a week before the confirmation of the anthrax outbreak in Nigeria in July 2023. It assessed the knowledge, risk practice, and perception of anthrax among the high-risk working groups, such as meat processors, butchers, animal farmers, meat vendors, para-veterinarians, veterinarians, cleaners, administrative staff, and animal traders in slaughterhouses (SHs) in Nigeria. Also, the national preparedness towards an outbreak was evaluated. Method A total of 627 participants were purposively selected from seven States and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive and logistic regression statistics. Results Most (499; 81.4%) of the participants were males, with the mean age being 37.3 ± 12.0 years old, and the majority (471, 78.1%) had no tertiary education. Onethird (207, 32.7%) of the participants self-reported being aware of anthrax, and 13.2% indicated that anthrax was a serious disease for both animals and humans. The knowledge median score was 0.0 (min 0, max 30), the general knowledge level was poor (16.8%), and 91.2% (527) of participants fell within this category. The practice median score was 6.0 (min 0, max 12) and categorised as generally poor (52.9%). Gaps observed in practices that could promote the risk of participants’ exposure to anthrax included slaughtering sick animals for human consumption, splashing blood on inspected carcasses, carrying carcasses on heads or shoulders, and disposing of condemned animal tissues or organs in open dumps. One-third of participants (202, 32.2%) strongly perceived that efficiently implementing vaccination in livestock would reduce the outbreak in humans. Furthermore, participants with no tertiary qualifications and no veterinary background had increased odds (COR: 14.378, 95% CI; 4.923–41.991, p = 0.000) and (COR: 9.157, 95% CI; 3.644–23.008, p = 0.000) of having an inadequate knowledge level of anthrax, respectively. Participants who were non-veterinarians/non-para veterinarians had increased odds (COR: 3.471, 95% CI: 1.629–7.392, p = 0.001) of having a poorer practice level than veterinarian or para veterinarians. Conversely, participants less than 37 years old had lower odds (COR: 0.268, 95% CI: 0.148–0.486, p = 0.000) of having a poor practice level than those above the age. Conclusion The knowledge level of the high-risk working groups was poor, with observable critical risk practices. Promoting media publicity and awareness creation, vaccination, effective disease surveillance, on-farm biosecurity, and adequate border control are critical strategies to prevent anthrax outbreaks in Nigeria.
  • Item
    Awareness and antibody detection of Newcastle disease virus in a neglected society in Nigeria
    (Veterinary World, 2019-01) Daodu, Oluwafemi Babatunde; Aiyedun, Julius Olaniyi; Kadir, Rafiu Adebisi; Ambali, Hauwa Motunrayo; Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji; Olorunshola, Isaac Dayo; Daodu, Oluwakemi Christiana; Baba, Saka Saheed
    Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of rural poultry farmers on vaccination and to detect Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibody in local birds (LB) and eggs in Kwara State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Data on farmers’ attitude, knowledge, practices, and experiences on ND mortality were obtained through an interview using a structured cross-sectional checklist. NDV antibodies were detected in sera and egg yolks of local chickens (LC) and guinea fowls (GF) using hemagglutination inhibition test. Results: A total of 83 interviewees, 287 sera and 121 egg yolk extracts, were examined. The study revealed that 98.8% (82/83) of the interviewee had never vaccinated their flock before. 90% of the interviewee had reported high mortality in birds within 1-6 months old, while the major clinical signs were cold (40.4%) and torticollis (30.8%). Evidences of LB exposure to wild-type NDV were confirmed by the detection of NDV antibodies in 20.8% and 0% of LC and GF, respectively. The mortality differences experienced in <1 and 1-6 months old LB could be explained by the presence of maternally-derived NDV antibody (49.6%) in egg yolk. Conclusion: The study showed that LB suffers from NDV as a result of LB keepers’ ignorance and neglect by the government. This has limited local investment and subsequent contribution to gross domestic product. This study suggests that the key factors to the prevention of ND remain awareness creation about poultry vaccination, production of affordable vaccines, and availability/accessibility to veterinarian (or trained personnel).
  • Item
    BIOTERRORISM, PUBLIC HEALTH AND NATIONAL SECURITY
    (Centre for Peace and Strategics Studies University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2015) Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji; Aiyedun, Julius Olaniyi; Olorunshola, Isaac Dayo
    The possibility of terrorist groups utilizing biological weapons against states and countries is a mounting concern which has increasingly attracted the attention and resources of the world. This study sets out to examine the issue of biological terrorism and its potential threat to public health and national security. This was achieved using baseline information and data generated through related reported studies. Bioterrorism was found to be an ‘entirely possible’, potent, emerging threat to public health, national and international security leading to public health emergency, intimidation of the affected governments and national security vulnerability. Overcoming these challenges calls for the introduction and implementation of new, effective, potent, practical and workable plan and strategies to enhance preparedness, early detection, rapid investigation and quick response in order to stem its devastating effects among human population, animals and environment.
  • Item
    Neglected zoonotic diseases in Nigeria: role of the public health veterinarian
    (Pan Africa Medical Journal. 32 (36); 1-12, PPan African Medical Center for Public Health Research and Information in collaboration with African Field Epidemiology Network, 2019) Elelu, Nusirat; Aiyedun, Julius Olaniyi; Mohammed, Ibraheem Mohammed; Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji; Odetokun, Ismail Ayoade; Kaltume Mamman Mohammed, Kaltume Mohammed; James Olaniyi Bale, James Olaniyi; Nuru, Saka
    Zoonotic diseases accounts for about 75% of emerging infectious disease and can be devastating to both human and animal health globally. A subset of zoonotic diseases is referred to as "neglected zoonotic diseases - NZDs" as they mainly affect poor populations who live in close proximity to domestic or wild animals often in areas where access to health and adequate sanitary facilities are not available. Furthermore, underestimation of the burden of NZD has continually led to its further neglect in least developed countries such as Nigeria. Controlling zoonotic infections including NZDs in animals is crucial in reducing human infections. Veterinarians provides an understanding of the epidemiology of infectious diseases in animal population and are therefore integral for the overall reduction in global burden of NZDs worldwide. Due to the current lack of and in some cases weak involvement of Veterinarians in policy issues related to zoonotic diseases, there is need to elucidate their importance in NZDs control in Nigeria. This review therefore summarises the neglected zoonotic diseases so far documented in Nigeria and also highlight the important role of the Veterinarian in their prevention and control within both human and animal population. Important recommendations to strengthen the role of the public health Veterinarian for sustainable control of NZDs were made
  • Item
    Prevalence of intestinal parasitism of swine in a North Central State of Nigeria
    (Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2016) Aiyedun, Julius Olaniyi; Oludairo, Oladapo Oyedeji
    Objective: Swine production is one of the most popular and promising livestock production industries in many parts of Nigeria. It prides itself in contributing to the supplementation of the overall national protein intake, gainfully engaging the citizenry in the industry and generating foreign exchange to the nation through export of produce and products. However, the swine production industry in Nigeria faced with religious and cultural constraints as well as several infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in swine in the North Central State of Nigeria. Materials and methods: A total of 920 pigs comprising of 874 (95%) and 46 (5%) foreign and indigenous breed of pigs respectively were investigated in this study. Quantitative Mcmaster egg-counting technique was used for counting eggs of parasites. Semi-structured questionnaires was used to generate demographic data during October 2014 to March 2015. Results: Fifty five percent pigs were found to be positive for Hyostrogylus rubidus, while Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis and other unidentified eggs were present in 23, 17 and 5% pigs, respectively. ‘Red Stomach Worm’ infection in swine was the highest parasitic burden observed as compared to other parasites. Spreading of infection within sexes had a P value of >0.5. Conclusion: The prevalence of parasites in pigs obtained in this work is a consequence of improper husbandry measures and irregular veterinary medical intervention.