Browsing by Author "Olayinka, B. U."
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Item A study on endophytic fungi, proximate and chemical compositions of local variety of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.)(Journal of the University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka, 2018) Garuba, T.; Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Bello, M. O.; Hamid, A. A.; Olaleye, F. Y.Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important tree which produce edible fruits. Different varieties of mango are available and well-studied. However, little attention has been shown to popular Ogbomoso variety especially for its endophytes and chemical profile. This work aimed at identifying endophytic fungi and carrying out proximate analysis as well as phytochemical analysis of the fruit. Potato Dextrose Agar was used as a medium for the isolation of fungi from the homogenized pulp. Proximate analysis was carried out using standard method of Association of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was done to determine characteristic peaks and functional groups of compounds using Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 with iD1 transmission. Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to study the chemical profile of the sample. Aspergillus niger. A. flavus and Rhizopus stolonifer were the identified endophytes. Moisture and lipid were observed to be highest (76.87%) and lowest (0.38%) respectively in the sample. The amount of carbohydrate was 18.93%. The FTIR result revealed the presence of NH2, OH, CH2, C=O (carboxylic) and N-H 1o and 2o amine as important functional groups. A total of 23 compounds were found in the methanolic extract of the sample where Imidazolidin-2-one (18.43%) was the principal compound. N, N-dibenzylhydroxylamine (15.36%), Methyl hexadecanoate (7.33%), Hexadecamethylcyclooctasiloxane (4.51%) were also present in considerable quantities. It is confirmed that the homogenized pulp of Ogbomoso variety of mango fruit is rich in phytochemicals that are useful especially in pharmaceutical industries.Item Biological productivity and composition of groundnut in relation to seed size(Environmental and Experimental Biology, 2016) Olayinka, B. U.; Owodeyi, S. O.; Etejere, E. O.A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed size on seedling emergence, biological yield and proximate composition of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Matured seeds were graded into three different seed sizes with respect to length. The large seeds were 1.3 to 1.5 cm, medium seeds 1.1 to 1.25 cm and small seeds were equal to or less than 0.83 cm in legth. At 10 days after planting, large and medium seed sizes had higher percentage emergence, 54 and 42%, respectively, when compared with small size seeds with 10% emergence. Growth characteristics such as plant height and number of leaves were higher in plants from relatively larger seeds at various crop stages. Groundnut plants grown from large seed reached their 50% flowering 3 to 5 days earlier than plants grown from medium and small seed sizes. The results of yield components (seed yield and harvest index) followed a similar pattern to that of growth characters. Composition of the seeds of plants grown from large seeds showed significantly higher moisture (6.82%) ash (2.72%), fibre (4.66%) and carbohydrate content (10.42%) when compared to seeds harvested from plants established from other seed sizes. Seeds of plants grown from seeds with small size had significantly higher protein (30.11%) and fat (49.10%) when compared to seeds harvested from plants grown from medium and large seeds. The results of this study revealed that large seed size is associated with improved growth and seed yield with high ercontents of ash, fibre and carbohydrates, but with lower protein and fat.Item Bioproductivity and grain quality of two cowpea varieties in relation to frequency of hand weeding(Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulbaki, S. A.; Ayinla, A.; Oladokun, L. T.; Udo, O. F.; Akinwumi, M. A.; Etejere, E. O.The concern for human health and safety coupled with the increase in herbicides resistant weeds necessitated the need to investigate the effect of frequency of hand weeding on weed suppression, productivity and grains quality in two varieties of cowpea (Tvx 3236 and Ife brown). Plot layout was a split-plot arrangement in complete randomized block design with three replications. The cowpea lines were subjected to five treatments of frequency of hand weeding. Data on weed and crop were subjected to Analysis of Variance. Means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test at 0.05 level of significance. Weed species that were found to be preponderant include Brachiaria deflexa, Euphorbia heterophylla and Commelina benghalensis. The three hand weeding at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP) showed the highest weed control efficiency of 90.48 % followed by those of two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAP (86.98%) and one hand weeding at 3 WAP (74.68%). The weed free check was the most effective in controlling weeds (93.80%). Growth and productivity of the two cowpea lines were enhanced with increase in frequency of hand weeding when compared with the weedy check. Weeds reduced crop yield by 56.17%. The results of grain quality such as crude protein, lipid content, ash and crude fibre were also enhanced with increase in frequency of hand weeding. Generally, growth and yield were higher in Ife brown than Tvx3236. The research was limited to one cropping season and there is need for reproducibility for consistent of results. The study concluded that weeding twice and three times were found to be feasible since these frequencies of weeding times promoted effective weed reduction, higher growth, and yield and grain quality of the two cowpea varieties studied.Item Comparative biodiversity assessment of weed species in monocropping plantations of University of Ilorin, Nigeria(West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020) Olayinka, B. U.; Adeyemi, S. B.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olahan, G. S.; Lateef, A. A.; Garuba, T.; AbdulRahaman, A. A.The present study investigates the weed species diversity in four plantations of university of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria using quadrat method. The survey revealed two major life cycles (annual and perennial) and recorded a total of 88 weed species belonging to 32 families. Four species (Azadirachta indica, Daniellia oliveri, Desmodium tortuosum, and Tridax procumbens) were common in all the surveyed plantations while the family Fabaceae was the most dominant. The abundant weed species analysis showed a high importance value index and were more adapted to the plantations. Diversity analysis revealed high species richness in the sugarcane plantation. The non-canopy nature of the plantation, soil structure as well as ability to coexist with many other species may underscore the reasons for this pattern of diversity. The evenness and similarity indices between and across the plantations were generally low, thus, indicating varying diversity. As a result of the recorded variation in weed composition between and across the plantations, the study has provided an insight on the pattern of weed diversity in the studied plantations. The study recommended that the most abundant weed species populations be checked for the plantations to thrive. Finally, there is an urgent need to conserve weed species that are not only rare in abundance but also showed great social and economic values.Item Comparative evaluation of NPK and chicken dropping on the growth and proximate composition of Amaranthus hybridus L(Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for Tropics, 2015) Olayinka, B. U.; Ayinla, A.; Ogbeche, F. O.; Etejere, E. O.This experiment was carried out to compare the effects of NPK 15:15:15 and chicken droppings on growth and proximate composition of Amaranthus hybridus. In each fertilizer, four application rates (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg of soil) were considered. There were twenty four pots arranged in completely randomized design with three replications. Plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, leaf area, and above-ground fresh and dry weight increased with increase in the rats of application compared with the control. The enhancements of these characters were in higher in NPK fertilizer than chicken dropping at all rates studied. Significant differences (pā¤0.05) were recorded in the chemical parameters. In both fertilizers, the percentage moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat and total carbohydrate ranged from 16.34-18.80, 9.75-11.54, 13.50-16.84, 2.42-3.09 and 34.14-40.33% respectively. The percentage crude protein was enhanced in NPK treated plants compared to those of chicken dropping. Conversely, carbohydrate and fat were on the increase in chicken dropping than NPK. In both fertilizers, percentage moisture, ash and crude fibre increased with increase in application rates.Item Comparative evaluation of seed quality and physico-chemical properties of groundnut varieties consumed in Nigeria(AAU J. Physical & Applied Sciences, 2025) Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulkareem, K A.; Kareem, I.; Babatunde, M. O.; Ayinla, A.; Sagaya, A.; Mustapha, O. T.Groundnuts have been established to have great health benefits due to their biochemical constituents. Varieties abound, differing in their quality of seed and oil characteristics; hence, the need to continually assess the characteristics of the seeds, most importantly the improved varieties, whose chemical composition and physico-chemical properties are scant in the literature. In this study, the proximate, mineral and physico-chemical properties of five groundnut varieties (KAMPALA, SAMNUTS 23, 24, 25 and 28) were evaluated using standard procedures. The results revealed that crude protein, fat and fibre were higher in SAMNUT23 when compared to other varieties. Aside from ash and carbohydrate, the KAMPALA variety recorded the lowest values of all parameters. Regardless of varietal differences in mineral elements, the seeds were rich in phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, compared to other essential elements such as zinc, iron, copper, and nitrogen. However, the mineral elements were significantly higher in SAMNUT varieties when compared to KAMPALA. The physico-chemical properties did not show appreciable differences except for acid value, iodine value and saponification values, which were significantly lowest in SAMNUT28. The findings revealed that all the SAMNUTvarieties, especially SAMNUT23, 24 and 25, had superior quality; hence, their use in seed certification, food processing and breeding programmes within the groundnut value chain in Nigeria should be encouraged.Item Comparative growth analysis and fruit quality of two varieties of tomato under hand weeding and pendimethalin herbicide(Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017) Olayinka, B. U.; Esan, O. O.; Anwo, I. O.; Etejere, E. O.Tomato is an important vegetable crop having high nutritional value. Different agronomical practices have been used to increase its quality. Hence, field experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of five weed control methods (Pendimethalin at 4 lha-1, Pendimethalin at 4 lha-1 + one hand weeding at 6 WAT, two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAT, weed free and weedy check) on the biological productivity and nutritional compositions of two varieties of tomato (Roma V.F. and Tropimech). The weed control methods were arranged following randomized complete block (RCB) design in split-plot arrangement. The results showed that out of the fourteen weed species encountered six weed species: Euphorbia heterophylla, Tridax procumbens, Phyllantus amarus, Tithonia diversifolia, Gomphrena celosioides and Ageratum conyzoides were found to be preponderant. Pendimethalin at 4lha-1 + one hand weeding at 6 WAT and two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAT showed better weed reduction (53-68%), when compared to sole application of Pendimethalin at 4lha-1(32-41%). The weed free check was the most effective in controlling weeds (96-99%). Growth attributes such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and aboveground dry weight, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate, the number of fruit per plant and harvest index were significantly enhanced in all the weed control methods compared to the weedy check. Higher values of the afore mentioned growth attributes were significantly higher under Pendimethalin at 4 lha-1 + one hand weeding at 6 WAT when compared to other weed control treatments. The biochemical constituents such as vitamin C, lycopene and Ī²-carotene and all the proximate composition except fibre were significantly higher in sole Pendimethalin at 4lha-1 and Pendimethalin at 4lha-1 + one hand weeding 6 WAT than other weed control methods. Growth and yield were higher in variety Roma V.F. than Tropimech, while biochemical constituents were found to be higher in Tropimech than Roma V.F. Pendimetalin at 4lha-1 + one hand weeding 6 WAT was found to be effective in weed suppression with positive influence on the biological productivity and nutritional compositions of the two studied varieties.Item Comparative growth analysis, yield and quality of two cowpea (Vigna unguicullata L. (Walp.)) lines propagated by seed and stem cuttings(Acta. Agricuturae Slovenica, 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Akinwunmi, M. A.; Hammed, A.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Yahya, A.; Etejere, E. O.In the present study, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate and compare the effects of seed planting and stem cutting method of propagation on two cowpea lines (IT07K-243-1-2 and IT07K-298-15). Data assessed were subjected to student t-test to test for the significant effect of the two methods at p < 0.05. Results showed that growth characters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, above-ground dry mass, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and crop growth rate were significantly enhanced in seed propagation method compared to stem cutting. The yield components such as number of matured pods per plant, pod mass per plant, pod length, pod circumference, pod filling, hundred (100) seed mass, seed mass per plant, average number of seed per pod, harvest index and pod yield per metre square followed similar pattern as recorded for growth characters. Germination potential of the harvested seeds as well as vigour were better in seed planting than stem cutting. Varietal difference showed that line IT07K-298-15 had higher growth, yield and germination potential than IT07K-243-1-2. However, the protein, fat and carbohydrate contents of the latter were higher than the formal. The study concluded that the use of true seed promoted higher productivity. However, planting of stems could still be encouraged on account of a non-significant difference in some of the aforementioned attributes, thereby limiting overreliance on seed as the main source of planting material for propagating the cowpea lines.Item Comparative studies of phytochemical constituents of leaf, bark and root of Moringa oleifera Lam(Jewel Journal of Scientific Research (JJSR), 2015) Etejere, E. O.; Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, L. O.Comparative analysis of phytochemical constituents of the leaf, bark and root of Moringa oleifera (drumstick) was carried out, Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of the phytochemical constituents were carried out using standard procedure. The results showed that aqueous extract of the plant parts tested positive for tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids except cardiac glycosides which were present only in the root. Significant differences (pā¤0.05) in phytochemical constituents were observed between the plant parts and they were found to be significantly higher in the leaf compared to the other parts. Among the phytochemical constituents investigated, saponin was found to be highest with mean value of 20.81 Ā± 2.38 mg/100g, followed in decreasing order by flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols and tannins with respective mean values of 4.00 Ā± 0.75 mg/100g, 2.00 Ā± 0.60 mg/100g, 1.73 Ā± 0.60 mg/100g and 1.03 Ā± 0.14 mg/100g. The present study therefore conclusively points out that M. oleifera is a good source of various pharmacologically active substances most especially saponin and cardiac glycoside, in which the latter is a drug of choice for the treatment of congestive heart failure.Item Comparative studies on the growth, yield and bulb quality of two onions (Allium cepa L.) varieties(FUTA Journal of Research in Science, 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Ademolu, O. O.; Akinwunmi, M. A.; Ayinla, A.; Etejere, E. O.Onions are vegetables that contain plant potent compounds that have been shown to promote human health in several ways. The biological productivity in terms of growth, yield and bulb qualities have been shown to vary among varietal type. Hence a field experiment was carried out to compare the growth, yield and bulb quality of two onions varieties (Allium cepa L. cv Red and White creoles). The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replications. The data on biological yield and biochemical parameters were subjected to student t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that White creole had higher growth than Red creole. However significantly (pā¤ 0.05) higher bulb yield was recorded in Red creole (1126kg/ha) compared to White creole (600kg/ha). Parameters such as number of bulb per plant, length and diameter did not show statistical differences. Composition of the bulb in terms of percentage moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, carbohydrate and energy value showed values that ranged from 86.1 Ā± 0.40 - 86.4 Ā± 0.64%, 0.6 Ā± 0.00 - 0.7 Ā± 0.02%, 3.3 Ā± 0.01- 3.6 Ā± 0.18%, 0.8 Ā± 0.01- 0.9 Ā± 0.01%, 1.7 Ā± 0.18 - 2.6 Ā± 0.07%, 7.0 Ā± 0.47 - 6.1 Ā± 0.29%, 48.9 Ā± 1.97 - 47.1 Ā± 1.93 kcal respectively. The moisture, protein, ash, carbohydrate and energy value of the two varieties did not show statistical differences. The vitamin C and sulphur contents values which ranged from 5.1 Ā± 0.08 - 3.5 Ā± 0.28 mg/100g and 248.1 Ā± 8.10 - 194.7 Ā± 3.40 mg/kg respectively were found to be significantly higher in Red creole than White creole. The results of this study suggests that Red creole consumption is better in the maintenance of healthy living while, White creole on account of high fibre content could be recommended for non-obese patients with indigestion problem.Item Effect of AflasafeĀ® Application on the Productivity, Grain Quality, and Aflatoxin Reduction in Maize (Zea mays L.)(Bima Journal of Science and Technology, 2026) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, S. A.; Ogidigada, B.; Ajadi, I.; Olahan, G. S.; Oyebanji, A.; Ahmed, O.Aflatoxin contamination remains a major threat to food safety, crop quality, and public health in sub-Saharan Africa. Aflasafe, a biocontrol product containing atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains, has proven effective in reducing aflatoxin levels, yet its broader agronomic impacts are less understood. This study evaluated the effects of Aflasafe applied at vegetative and flowering stages on maize growth, yield, nutritional composition, and postharvest quality. Application at the flowering stage led to marked improvements in vegetative growth, including plant height, leaf area, and stem girth. Yield components such as ear number, grain count, and overall yield were also significantly enhanced. Proximate composition analysis indicated elevated levels of crude fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents. In addition, grains treated with Aflasafe showed higher germination rates and seed vigor, together with reduced populations of toxigenic A. flavus and aflatoxin concentrations that remained within internationally accepted safety limits. These results demonstrate Aflasafeās dual potential as a biocontrol and growth-promoting agent, advancing sustainable maize production, food security, and public health resilience.Item Effect of phosphorus fertilizer and shoot pruning on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)(Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2023) Olayinka, B. U.; Oyewole, M.; Jacobs, O. E.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Lawal, A. R.; AbdulRauf, L. B.; Kareem, I.; Muhammed, G. Y.; Abdulbaki, A. S.Phosphorus fertilization or pruning as sole practice has been established to enhance tomato yield. However, there is a dearth of knowledge when both practices are combined. Under potted experiment, two tomato varieties (Tomato 82-B and Local) were subjected to 13 treatment combinations of phosphorus fertilization and pruning between June and September, 2021 in a garden situated at Ilorin, Nigeria. In both varieties, plants receiving 30 kg P/ha + two-stem pruning recorded highest growth indices. Marketable fruit yield was remarkably enhanced under 45 kg P/ha + four-stem pruning and 30 kg P/ha + two-stem pruning in local and Tomato 82-B respectively. Local variety showed more vigorous growth and yield than Tomato 82-B. Proximate compositions showed inconsistent results. Ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and lycopene were highest in tomato plants receiving 60 kg P/ha + four-stem pruning, 15 kg P/ha + three-stem pruning and 45 kg P/ha + four-stem respectively. Tomato 82-B had higher ascorbic acid and beta-carotene than the local variety. Conclusively, four-stem pruning + 45 kg/ha and two-stem pruning + 30 kg/ha are considered optimum for improving the yield of tomato varieties studied and that combination of pruning and phosphorus fertilization showed little influence on the fruit quality.Item Effect of planting methods on growth and yield of groundnut cultivars(Legume Research, 2021) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, R. T.; Mohammed, H. A.; Murtadha, R. B.; Alzahrani, Y.; Ayinla, A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Etejere, E. O.Background: The low yield in groundnut which can be partly attributed to poor land preparation methods necessitated the need for alternative strategy of land preparation that will promote higher productivity in groundnut farming. Methods: A field experiment was carried out in two separate locations between May and August in 2016 to assess the effect of planting methods on growth and yield of groundnut cultivars. Result: The results revealed that groundnut crop sown on modified ridges and furrow with narrow furrow planting recorded significantly higher plant height, number of leaves, 50% flowering, yield attributes and yield when compared to other methods of planting All the groundnut cultivars responded positively to all planting methods except those grown on flat surface without beds. However, modified ridges and furrow with narrow furrow planting proved to be the best method.Item Effect of spent engine oil (SEO) on germination and seedling growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2012) Olayinka, B. U.; Arinde, O. O.; Etejere, E. O.The indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oil drain from engine after servicing has been found to affect plant growth. A potted experiment was developed at College of Education (Technical) Lafiagi, to investigate the minimum concentration of spent engine oil that could be inhibitory to groundnut growth. Plastic containers filled with sandy-loam soil were contaminated with various concentrations of spent engine oil (SEO) (0ml, 25ml, 50ml, 75ml and 100ml). Each treatment had three replicates arranged in complete randomized block design. Germination studies carried out showed that the number of seeds of groundnut that grew into seedling decreased with increasing level of the contaminant. Percentage germination was found to decrease from 100% in 0ml to 60% in 25ml and to 33 % in 100ml. Seedling growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, stem girth and leaf area assessed for a period of one month were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced as the concentration level of the contaminant increased compared to control (0ml) except for 25ml of SEO which did not show significant shoot height difference. Polluted soil with 100ml of SEO was found to be phytotoxic as shown by significant marked reduction in all the aforementioned growth parameters. The results of this study suggest that spent engine oil at 25ml concentration could be considered inhibitory to groundnut growth. Also, higher concentration of this pollutant could become phytotoxic. Therefore, for crop safety and food security, there is need for adequate enlightenment on the indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oil.Item Effect of weed control strategies on proximate composition of maize, cowpea, and their intercrops(FUDMA Journals of Sciences (FJS), 2021) Lawal, A. R.; Olayinka, B. U.; Etejere, E. O.; Abdulra`uf, L. B.Weed interference causes low land-use efficiency, expensive cost of production, related to control of plant and pests, low quality of crops and high cost and less efficient utilization of labour. The increase in herbicide resistance weeds which has led to increase use of herbicide has been a great concern to human health. This necessitated the need to investigate the effect of pendimethalin (P) with supplementary hand weeding (HW) on weed control efficiency and proximate composition of maize, cowpea and their intercrop. Field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replicates. There were eight treatments: Sole Maize/Cowpea + P, Sole Maize/Cowpea + P + 1HW at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea + P+ 2HW at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea weedy check, Intercrop + P, Intercrop + P + 1HW at 3WAS, Intercrop + P + 2HW at 3 and 6 WAS and Intercrop weedy check. It was observed that, P+1HW and P+2HW significantly (pā¤0.05) increased carbohydrate (3.61%, 5.61%, 3.73% and 5.75%), protein (13.30%, 15.20%, 5.78% and 14.62%) and lipid contents (60.25%, 87.46%, 56.61% and 64.87%) in maize, cowpea and their respective intercrop. It can be concluded that the use of pendimethalin and 1 supplementary hand weeding effectively suppress weed-crop competition and increase the proximate composition of maize and cowpea.Item Effects of organic, inorganic and organo-mineral fertilizer on the growth, yield and nutrient composition of Corchorus olitorious (L.)(Ceylon Journal of Science, 2018) Ayinla, A.; Alagbe, I. A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Aboyeji, O. O.; Etejere, E. O.Corchorus olitorius (L.) is an important leafy vegetable known for its rich source of several nutrients and dietary fibre in Africa, Asia and some parts of America. One major limitation of cultivating Corchorus olitorius in the tropics is inadequate soil fertility. Fertilizer application is an integral part of the vegetable cultivation due to low soil productivity. The study therefore aims at evaluating the effects of organic, inorganic and organo-mineral fertilizer at different concertation on the growth, yield and nutrient composition of Corchorus olitorious. The experimental setup followed a complete randomized block design with three replicates. Treatments include control, 1,000 kgha-1 sole poultry manure (PM), 2,000 kgha-1 sole PM, 200 kgha-1 sole NPK, 400 kgha-1 sole NPK, 600 kgha-1 sole NPK, 1,000 kgha-1 PM+200 kgha-1 NPK, 1,000 kgha-1 PM+400 kgha-1 NPK, 1,000 kgha-1 PM+600 kgha-1 NPK, 2,000 kgha-1 PM+200 kg/ha NPK, 2,000 kgha-1 PM+400 kgha-1 NPK and 2,000 kgha-1 PM+600 kgha-1 NPK fertilizer combinations. The growth, yield and nutrient composition of C. olitorious plants were significantly enhanced in all fertilizer treated plots in comparison to the control. Significantly (p<0.05) higher growth parameters, yield and nutrient composition were recorded in the plots treated with combined application of both fertilizers at 2,000 kgha-1 PM+400 kgha-1 NPK and 2,000 kgha-1 PM+600 kgha-1 NPK when compared to other application combinations. This study affirms that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer as a soil amendment could enhance growth, yield, and nutrient composition of C. olitorious in comparison with sole application of either fertilizers.Item Effects of priming on germination and biochemical attributes of three maize lines under NaCl stress condition(Bioagro, 2022) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani Y.; Kareem, I.; Ayinla, A.; Kolawole, O. S.; Adam, O. I.; Odudu, F. U.; Ibuowo, M. B.; Mustapha, O. T.; Sulyman, A.The adverse effect of salinity has been established to vary between different varieties of the same plant species. This study was therefore conducted to determine the tolerability of three newly released lines of maize to saline conditions when primed with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and salicylic acid (SA) each at 1.0 M concentration; seeds primed with distilled water were used as control. Concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mM NaCl were tested. The experiment followed a 3x3x5 factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. The results revealed significant interaction between maize lines and salinity where the germination percentage of line SWAN-LSR-Y was much more affected than the other lines at the salinity level of 50 mM, and its speed of germination was more affected than the others when passing from 150 to 300 mM NaCl. The seedling lengths (radicle and plumule) and seed vigor index were influenced by significant interaction between the primer and salinity, where EDTA enhanced better seedling growth than the other primers when the salinity did not exceed 150 mM. OMR-LSR-SY maize line did not show tolerability at this concentration. Similarly, EDTA and SA treated maize lines showed lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, most importantly in SWAN-LSR-Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y maize lines. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were enhanced in SWAN-LSR- Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y upon application of EDTA.Item Effects of salinity and ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) on the germination of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seeds(Science World Journal, 2016) Olayinka, B. U.; Ayanduro, E. T.; AbdulRahaman, A. A.; Etejere, E. O.In this study, the effects of the combined treatment of salinity and ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) on the germination of tomato seeds in Petri-dishes were compared to sole salinity. The treatments consisted of seven concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCL): 0 (control), 10, 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mM. The results from this study showed that percentage germination decreased from 86.7% in the control to 73.3% in 10 mM, 70 % in 50 mM and 23.3 % in 100 mM. Seeds treated with 250, 500 and 1 000 mM sodium chloride did not germinate. The addition of EDTA at concentration of 1.0 mM significantly (pā¤0.05) reduced the salinity effect and enhanced germination of tomato seeds except for concentrations between 250 ā 1000 mM where the effect of EDTA had no effect on the germination. Similarly, plumule and radicle lengths were significantly reduced with increase in concentration of NaCl. The results showed that higher concentration of NaCl significantly reduced the germination potential of tomato seeds and this can be reversed with the addition of EDTA when the concentration of NaCl was not above 100 mM.Item Effects of spatial arrangements of groundnut-maize intercrop on growth, yield and proximate composition of groundnut(Al-Hikmah Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017) Olayinka, B. U.; Adefalu, L. L.; Adisa, Y. A.; Lawal, A. R.; Etejere, E. O.Field experiment was carried out at University of Ilorin Botanical garden between May and August 2014 to evaluate the influence of different spatial arrangements on groundnut-maize intercrop and proximate composition of groundnut seeds. Experimental layout followed completely randomized block design with three replications. The spatial arrangements investigated were 3 rows of groundnut alternated with 1 row of maize (3:1), 3 rows of groundnut alternated with 2 rows of maize (3:2), 3 rows of groundnut alternated with 3 rows of maize (3:3), sole maize and groundnut. The results indicated that growth characters such as number of leaves and leaf area were enhanced in 3G:1M and 3G:2M spatial arrangement when compared to 3G:3M and their respective sole cropping. Yield was also enhanced in the intercrop compared to their soles. The 3G:3M produced groundnut seeds with increased percentage ash, fibre and crude protein with concomitant reduction of the fat and carbohydrate when compared to other spatial arrangements and sole groundnut. The results showed that 3G:1M and 3G:2M could be considered as appropriate spatial arrangement for enhancing the growth and yield of the intercrop. The study therefore recommends that field trials be conducted outside the University Botanical Garden with the participation of extension agents and farmers to ensure the adoption of the research outcomes.Item Enhancing germination and seedling growth in salt stressed maize lines through chemical priming(Basrah Journal Agricultural Sciences, 2023) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, S. A.; Lawal, A. R.; Alsamadany, H.; AbdulRauf, L. B.; Ayinla, A.; Odudu, U. F.This study aimed to investigate the tolerance level and the use of primers (H2O, KNO3, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid), in mitigating stress in maize in the newly released cultivars (SWAN-LSR-Y, BR9928-OMR-SR-Y and OMR-LSR-SY). Activities of SOD, APX, CAT and GSH and lipid peroxidation were investigated, to measure the biochemical response of the primed maize seeds. Maize seeds primed with KNO3 and ascorbic acid improved germination and anti-oxidative potential against ROS in ameliorating the salinity stress, while salicylic acid slowed germination. The same trend was followed in the seed vigour index and radicle length of seeds primed with ascorbic acid, which recorded the highest values. The control was observed to have the highest seed vigour index, while seeds primed with salicylic acid showed the least vigour index in the maize seeds. Increased salinity stress showed adverse effects on all growth parameters. Of the maize cultivars tested, SWAN-LSR-Y showed the most tolerance to salinity stress, in terms of germination. Significant high enzymatic activities and lipid peroxidation were recorded in seeds primed with ascorbic acid and KNO3 show their importance in plant metabolic activities.