Browsing by Author "Olatoye, O. I."
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Growth, antibacterial properties and haematological parameters of broiler chickens fed moringa and neem leaf meals as additives.(Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN), 2020) Aiyedun, J. O.; Oladele-Bukola, M. O.; Olatoye, O. I.; Oludairo, O. O.; Ogundipe, G. A. T.The effectiveness and accessibility of broiler feed additives and antibiotics could be challenging to farmers. There is therefore the need to research into the effectiveness of the use of substitute feed additives. Moringa (Moringa oleifera) and neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves are edible plants to both humans and animals that can be included as feed additives. This work was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) and neem leaf meal (NLM) as substitute feed additives/antibiotics and their effects on the performance of broilers. Two hundred and ten (210) day-old Abor Acres broiler chicks were randomly allotted to seven dietary treatments of three replicates each. The parameters investigated were feed intake, final weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, meat quality, sensory evaluation, mortality and bacterial counts. The final weight for broilers fed with MLM and NLM diets were higher than those fed with conventional feed. The bacteria load and mortality recorded for the conventional feed groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) than groups fed moringa and neem. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the haematology and serum parameters recorded for all the groups. The organoleptic properties of cooked broiler meat samples for all treatment groups were comparable with those fed with conventional feed. Inclusion of MLM and NLM produced similar results compared to the conventional feed ingredients and may be considered as possible sources of alternative feed additives and promising natural antimicrobial agents for controlling pathogenic bacteria in poultry production.Item Incidence of Aflatoxin B1 in Commercial Poultry Feed and Tissues of Broiler Chickens in Ibadan, Nigeria.(Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 2020) Olatoye, O. I.; Aiyedun, J. O.; Oludairo, O. O.Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) belongs to a group of hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus found in food or feed products. In this study we analyzed 180 feed of six different brands of commercial poultry feeds from three feed distribution outlets in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria for the occurrence and concentrations of AFB1. In addition, to the transfer of AFB1 to broiler meat from chicken fed for four weeks with one brand of feed associated with the highest AFB1 contamination. The study was carried out between April and June, 2019. The presence/concentration of AFB1 was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) following solid phase extraction of sample and preparation. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in all (100 %) the brands of feed and 48 % of chicken samples tested. The concentration of AFB1 in feed ranged between 10.5 ± 4.0 and 47.78 ± 6.4, while the mean AFB1 residues obtained in chicken muscle, gizzards and liver after four weeks were 0.07 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.05 and 0.13 ± 0.02 μg/kg, respectively. The presence of AFB1 in all the brands of poultry feeds tested in this study and its possible transfer into chicken meat poses food/feed safety and public health concern. There is therefore, the need to screen feed and apply Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point to feed manufacturing, storage and broiler chicken production to prevent aflatoxicosis.Item Occurrence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Biofilm Production in Listeria Monocytogenes Isolated from Pork and other Meat Processing Items at Oko Oba Abattoir, Lagos State Nigeria.(Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 2020) Aiyedun, J. O.; Olatoye, O. I.; Oludairo, O. O.; Adesope, A. O.; Ogundijo, O.Unhygienic slaughtering practices are associated with meat contamination by pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes. This study investigated the occurrence, bacterial load, antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes in pork, slaughter facilities and water from Oko-Oba abattoir, Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 216 samples; 146, 30, 20 and 20 from pork, water, table swabs and knife swabs respectively were collected for bacteriological analysis. Listeria selective media was used to isolate and characterise L. monocytogenes, antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated bacteria was also determined. Biofilm production by the isolates for periods of 12, 24 and 36 hours were evaluated. Glucose, ethanol and crystal violet binding assay were used as nutrient, stressor and indicator respectively. The occurrence of L. monocytogenes in pork, water samples, table and knife swabs were 64.5%, 75%, 90% and 95% respectively, while overall prevalence was 73.3%. The mean load per gram were 3.78 ± 2.85, 4.27 ± 2.54, 5.60 ± 1.95 and 5.52 ± 1.41 (p ˂ 0.05) for pork, water table and knife swab samples, respectively. Fifty five percent of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) patterns to erythromycin (55%), tetracycline (55%), augmentin (85%), amoxicillin (90%), cotrimoxazole (95%), and cloxacillin (100%). The isolates produced biofilms at different concentrations of glucose and ethanol with the highest concentrations of biofilm produced at 36 hours. There were significant differences in mean biofilm values produced by the isolates. The occurrence of L. monocytogenes and the bacterial load in different samples are of economic and public health importance. Hygienic meat production from the abattoir could prevent contamination of pork by L. monocytogenes.Item Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Cattle Milk from dairy Herds in Oyo state, Nigeria.(Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Abuja., 2020) Oludairo, O. O.; Olatoye, O. I.; Awoniyi, O. E.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Aiyedun, J. O.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has received a lot of attention in recent years as a zoonotic organism of global concern. Contaminated milk, especially those from mastitic cows, serve as reservoirs for humans in the epidemiology of antibiotic resistant MRSA. This study was designed to determine the level of contamination of bulk fresh milk from dairy cattle herds with MRSA in Ibarapa, Oyo and Oke-Ogun areas of Oyo State and the antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates. One hundred and sixty-five (165) milk samples were obtained from the study areas and used for the study. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the samples using bacterial culture and biochemical tests. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was identified using cefoxitin disk diffusion method. All the S. aureus isolates were subjected to microbial susceptibility test. Ninety (54.5%) milk samples were positive for Staphylococcus spp. out of which 52 (31.5%) were Staphylococcus aureus and 13 (7.9%) yielded MRSA. Antibiogram of S. aureus indicated highest resistance to Cloxacillin (88.5%) followed by (Augmentin 67.3%) and Ceftrazidine (67.3%). Ten out of the 13 MRSA isolates were multidrug resistance while all the isolates were 100% susceptible to ofloxacin. The results of this study showed that milk produced from dairy cattle in Oyo State was contaminated with MRSA. This portends serious food safety and public health risk among the consumers of such milk especially in raw or improperly pasteurized form. Proper dairy herd health management and prudent use of antibiotics and hygienic milking procedures are hereby recommended to prevent contamination of milk and subsequent spread of the organism to humans.