Browsing by Author "Okukpe, KM"
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Item Effects of human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) on plasma hormonal profile and egg production in local guinea hens(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2018) Alli, OI; Toye, AA; Adeyina, AO; Ayorinde, KL; Okukpe, KM; Ajao, BHCommercial production of guinea hens is limited because they are known to be seasonal breeders, with little or no eggs during the dry season. Natural hormones or their analogue have gained special appeal and usage as means of improving the reproductive performances of farm animals due to the health concerns associated with use of synthetic hormones. Human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) consists of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and is aimed at improving reproductive performance. Five doses (0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 IU) of HMG were administered to guinea hens in two phases (dry and rainy seasons) to evaluate the effect on the follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormone profile and egg production for a period of eleven months. The effects were monitored during the administration and post administration periods. Egg collection was done daily and blood was collected from the birds on fortnight basis to determine concentration of FSH and luteinizing hormone LH. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance appropriate for 2x2x5 factorial design. LH and FSH concentrations were correlated with egg production. Results indicated that both LH and FSH concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in the rainy season and during the period of post administration of HMG while doses of HMG had no effect (P>0.05) on the concentration of both hormones. LH and FSH were positively correlated in both seasons but the correlation was highly significant (P<0.01) only in the rainy season. Low negative correlation existed between egg production and LH in the dry season while positive, low and nonsignificant (P>0.05) correlation was observed in the rainy season. In conclusion, administration of HMG could be used to boost egg production in guinea hens.Item Effects of Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal on male hormone and reproductive organ weight of Thryonomys swinderianus(Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology, 2020-02-29) Okukpe, KM; Ajayi, AS; Adeyina, AO; Sanni, KM; Adeyemo, AD; Lawal, MO; DeCampos, JS; Ajao, BHGrasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus) feeds mainly on green plants especially those with succulent stems. Vernonia amygdalina the most prominent species and one of the tropical tribes of the family Asteraceae, it is so unique that every part of it has an economic importance and has been shown to be valuable nutritionally. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of administering Vernonia amygdalina leaf diets on testis weight and reproductive hormones of grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus). A total of eighteen male weaner grasscutters weighing between 281.33g and 304.21g were allotted to six treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). The animals in treatment A (control) were given feed without Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaf meal, B had 1g VA/kg feed, C had 2g VA/ kg feed, D had 3g VA/kg feed, E had 4g VA/kg feed and F had 5g VA/kg feed. Feeding was done for a period of seven (7) weeks and at the end of the experiment, two animals were selected per treatment after starving for about 10hours, sedated with diethylether soaked in cotton –wool and placed close to nostril to reduce handling stress before slaughtering by severing the carotid artery and the jugular vein. Blood was collected into plain bottles, centrifuged at 500rpm for 5minutes to obtain serum for hormonal tests. The hormones tested for were luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, oetrogen and testosterone. The penis and testis were weighed and recorded after excision and removal of adhering fats. Data collected were subjected to analysis using SAS 2008 model and mean differences separated with Tukey studentized range test. The reproductive hormones and testis weights were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the Vernonia amygdalina inclusions. It showed that Treatment F had the highest luteinizing hormone while treatment A had the lowest. Treatment D had the highest follicle stimulating hormone while treatment E had the lowest. Treatment A had the highest oestrogen level while treatment B had the lowest. Treatment A had highest testosterone while treatment B had the lowest. It was observed that the addition of Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal as feed supplement of grasscutter had no adverse effect on their reproductive parameters as could be observed from the reproductive organ weight and reproductive hormone values of the animal.Item Effects of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Meal on Male Hormone and Reproductive Organ Weight of Thryonomys swinderianus(Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology, 2020) Okukpe, KM; Ajayi, AS; Adeyina, AO; Sanni, KM; Adeyemo, AD; Lawal, MO; DeCampos, JS; Ajao, BHGrasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus) feeds mainly on green plants especially those with succulent stems. Vernonia amygdalina the most prominent species and one of the tropical tribes of the family Asteraceae, it is so unique that every part of it has an economic importance and has been shown to be valuable nutritionally. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of administering Vernonia amygdalina leaf diets on testis weight and reproductive hormones of grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus). A total of eighteen male weaner grasscutters weighing between 281.33g and 304.21g were allotted to six treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). The animals in treatment A (control) were given feed without Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaf meal, B had 1g VA/kg feed, C had 2g VA/ kg feed, D had 3g VA/kg feed, E had 4g VA/kg feed and F had 5g VA/kg feed. Feeding was done for a period of seven (7) weeks and at the end of the experiment, two animals were selected per treatment after starving for about 10hours, sedated with diethylether soaked in cotton –wool and placed close to nostril to reduce handling stress before slaughtering by severing the carotid artery and the jugular vein. Blood was collected into plain bottles, centrifuged at 500rpm for 5minutes to obtain serum for hormonal tests. The hormones tested for were luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, oetrogen and testosterone. The penis and testis were weighed and recorded after excision and removal of adhering fats. Data collected were subjected to analysis using SAS 2008 model and mean differences separated with Tukey studentized range test. The reproductive hormones and testis weights were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the Vernonia amygdalina inclusions. It showed that Treatment F had the highest luteinizing hormone while treatment A had the lowest. Treatment D had the highest follicle stimulating hormone while treatment E had the lowest. Treatment A had the highest oestrogen level while treatment B had the lowest. Treatment A had highest testosterone while treatment B had the lowest. It was observed that the addition of Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal as feed supplement of grasscutter had no adverse effect on their reproductive parameters as could be observed from the reproductive organ weight and reproductive hormone values of the animal.Item Hormone inducive effects of Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) extract on the reproductive performance of Bucks(Nigerian Society for Animal Production, 2018) Okukpe, KM; Odesanmi, OA; Olaniyi, AW; Adua, M; Adeyina, AO; Alli, OI; Ajao, BHSyzygium aromaticum (Clove) is a small evergreen tree of the myrtle family known for its unopened reddish-brown flower bud with strong aromatic flavor that are used for culinary purpose and are believed to have aphrodisiac properties. The objective of the experiment was to assess the effect of clove extract on hormone profile of West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. One hundred and fifty WAD bucks with average weights of 10kg were randomly assigned to five treatments with 30bucks per treatment in a completely randomized design. Treatment A (control) and B were subcutaneously administered 0.1mL/kg of normal saline solution and 0.1mL/kg sildenafil citrate, respectively. Treatments C, D and E were administered 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3mL/kg of clove extract, respectively. The result showed a significant increase in WBC while PCV decreased with corresponding increase in extract doses. The extracts also significantly cause a reduction in creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) with a significant increase in serum urea and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). There were significant increase in serum testosterone and prolactin while follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were reduced. It was therefore concluded that subcutaneous administration of syzygium aromaticum extract could enhance sexual function at low doses of 0.1mL/kg body weight of bucks with no observable tissue damageItem Vaginal lumen cytology and peripheral sex hormone concentrations at different vaginal orifice statuses in the female greater Grasscutter(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2019) Ajao, BH; Ola, SI; Oyebanji, BO; Okukpe, KM; Alli, OIThis study aimed to characterise the oestrous cycle of the female greater grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus) through investigating the pattern of exfoliated vaginal epithelia cells and peripheral sex hormone profiles in two different vaginal orifice status (open and close) displayed by the animal. Vaginal smears and blood samples were collected every other day from 12 non pregnantgrasscutterdoes for 7 days regardless of the vaginal orifice status. The cells in the smear were classified into parabasal, intermediate, superficial and metoestrus epithelial cell. Blood plasmawas assayed for estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) hormones. Irrespective of the vaginal status, intermediate cells were predominant with 54% and 56.7% for open and close vagina orifice, respectively. Superficial cells were15 % in open vagina status as against 9 % in the close vagina status. E2 concentration was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in the open vagina status (6.75 vs 3.91 ng/ml) whereas P4 concentration was similar in both statuses. In conclusion, the similarity in the occurrence of vaginal lumen cells at open and close status indicated that the grasscutter could be an induced ovulator while the higher E2 concentration in the open vagina status could mean higher sexual receptivity at this stage.