Browsing by Author "Okoro, HK"
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Item Distribution of selected heavy metals and other elements in coal samples collected from coal deposits in Kogi State, Nigeria(Department of Science Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2015) Okoro, HK; Afolabi, OI; Folorunso, IOIt is important that emissions of potentially toxic heavy metals and other elements from coal combustion are measured and if necessary, controlled in order to limit any environmental effects. Coal samples were collected from Enjema, Ibibio, and Okaba coal deposits in Kogi state to determine the selected heavy metals and trace elements in the samples. The coal samples were analyzed with the aid of Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. Heavy metals (Cd, Ct, Mn, Pb and Ni) were determined by AAS while selected trace elements (Fe, K, Ca, S) by XRF. The result shows that the selected heavy metals chromium, manganese, nickel, and lead were present at a high level when compared with heavy metals determined in coal samples collected from Lafla-obi and Chikila in Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria. in their previous study. Cadmium was not detected in the samples analyzed; the trace element determined were at lower concentrations when compared to the value of trace elements concentrations found in coal samples obtained from river Ekulu in Enugu State, South East, Nigeria. Sulphur was present at high concentration which can affect the body either when inhaled or absorb. The results indicated that the concentrations of the metals were high and this could have adverse effects on the inhabitant of the area. Apparently, there is need for constant monitoring of the stations to ascertain its pollution statusItem Qualitative Identification of Copper Bearing Minerals using Near Infrared Sensors(Faculty of Geoengineering, mining and Geology, Wroclaw University of Technology, 2016) Folorunso, IO; Shekwonyadu, I; Ambo, AI; Okoro, HK; Usman, HOApplication of sensors for on-site fast identification and discrimination of dominant ore bearing particles from associated gangues in a complex ore is an important route in minerals exploration and extraction industries. This paper considers identification and discrimination of copper bearing minerals from associated gangues using near infrared sensors. Different copper bearing minerals in the Akiri copper ore are differentiated on the basis of their near infrared spectra behaviour. The near infrared spectra of individual samples are correlated with their mineralogy and chemistry as analysed by X-Ray diffraction and X-Ray fluorescence equipment, respectively. The obtained results indicated that the detection limit of the near infrared sensor is better than that of both X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence equipment used. Hence, in addition to the minerals identified by the X-ray diffraction equipment, other near infrared active minerals with concentration below the X-ray diffraction detection limit were also detected by the near infrared sensorsItem Seasonal Variation and Determination of Some Heavy Metals in the Sediment from Ureje River in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria(College of Natural Sciences, Al-Hikma University, 2015) Okoro, HK; Ikumapayi, AO; Folorunso, IOThis study investigated the level of contamination of four heavy metals (chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead) in the sediment collected from Ureje River, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria and compared their seasonal variation (Wet and Dry seasons). The sediments were collected, digested and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Two of the metals namely cadmium and nickel were not detected. During the dry season, it was observed that the mean concentrations for chromium were 0.36±0.08 mg/kg, 0.33±0.08 mg/kg and 0.30±0.04 mg/kg for Sites 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The mean concentration for lead during dry season at Site 1 was 0.33±0.23 mg/kg while those of Sites 2 and 3 were 0.35±0.10 mg/kg and 0.34±0.04 mg/kg respectively. During the wet season, chromium levels were 0.23±0.06 mg/kg, 0.25±0.06 mg/kg and 0.21±0.03 mg/kg for Sites 1, 2 and 3 respectively. For lead, the values recorded for Sites 1, 2 and 3 were 0.22±0.11 mg/kg, 0.30±0.10 mg/kg and 0.26±0.03 mg/kg respectively. Comparing the two seasons, the concentration of chromium was observed to be lower than that of lead in the dry season while the reverse was the case during the wet season. Although the concentration of the metals is unlikely to pose any risk, the presence of chromium and lead in the area calls for proper monitoring to safeguard the health of human and aquatic lives around the area.