Browsing by Author "Okoro, H.K."
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Item An Assessment of Heavy Metals Contents in the Soil around a Cement Factory in Ewekoro, Nigeria Using Pollution Indices(2017) Okoro, H.K.; Orimolade, B.O.; Adebayo, G.B.; Akande, B.A.; Ximba, B.J; Ngila, J.NThis study investigated the concentrations of heavy metals in soils around the WAPCO cement factory in Ewekoro in southwestern Nigeria. A total of 27 soil samples were collected from three locations (Ewekoro, Papalanto, and Itori) around the cement factory. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the concentrations of metals. The results revealed that the mean values of the metals content in the three soil samples were in the order: Fe > Zn >Mn> Cr > Cu >Pb. The concentrations of Pb present in Ewekoro and Papalanto samples were 0.391 and 0.243 mg/kg, respectively while Pb was not found in the control area(Itori). The concentrations of the heavy metals in the soil samples were found to decrease as the distances of the communities from the cement factory increased. Our study revealed that study area soils were affected by dust emissions from the cement factory as shown in the very low concentrations of heavy metal contents of the control study area, Itori.Item ECOTOXICOLOGICAL AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF GLYPHOSATE ON THE ACTIVITY OF DUCKWEED(2016-04-08) Adebayo, G.B.; Orimolade, B.O.; Okoro, H.K.; Orija, D.Ecotoxicological effect and risk assessment of a pesticide residue (glyphosate) was studied. The effect of different concentrations (0.2-0.8ppm) of glyphosate on the plant (Duckweed) was used for the study by collecting and culturing duckweed for a period of one week and thereafter exposing the duckweed to different concentrations of glyphosate for 8 days. The pigment content and biomass were monitored to assess the effects of the glyphosate on the plant. The results revealed that all the concentrations show adverse effect on the plant pigment content as well as on the biomass productivity as the days progressed and the concentration increases. This study has shown that the residue of glyphosate could be dangerous to the ecosystem at concentration as low as 0.2ppm which is actually the allowable level of glyphosate in plant leaf.Item Ecotoxicological and Risk Assessment of Hydroquinone Cream Residue on Duckweed Plants(2019-01) Adebayo, G.B.; Orimolade, B.O.; Okoro, H.K.; Banwo, M.A.Residues from personal care products have been reportedly found in soils and are harmful to plants and animals. This research studied the ecotoxicology effects and risk assessment of hydroquinone cream residue on duckweed plant. The effects of different concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 250 ppm) on the duckweed (Lemna minor) were used for the study. The duckweed was collected from the Dam area of University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria and cultured for a period of one week before using it for the study. The plants were exposed to the different concentrations of hydroquinone cream for a period of 8 days. The results revealed that all the concentration shows adverse effect on the plant pigment content as well as biomass with the effect increasing as the concentration increases. The study has shown that the residue of hydroquinone cream could be dangerous to the ecosystem at concentration as low as 50 ppm which is well below the amount of the residue expected in the environment.Item Ecotoxicological Assessment of Chromium (III) and Mercury (II) Ions on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Kerosene Polluted Ilorin alfisol(Faculty of Physical Sciences and Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin Nigeria, 2016) Adebayo, G.B.; Adetitun, D.O.; Okoro, H.K.; Olohunseye, A.A.The effect of the heavy metal solution of different concentrations on P. aeruginosa was studied. Different concentrations of the heavy metal solution (5ppm, 20ppm and 50ppm) were spiked to a fixed volume of P. aeruginosa (broth). The changes on the growth of bacteria were monitored for 5days by measuring the optical density of the mixture at 600nm with spectrophotometer. The study revealed that high concentration of some trace heavy metals like Cr3+ and Hg2+ inhibit the growth of this bacterium. This is shown in the daily growth of the P. aeruginosa which kept reducing with an increase in the concentration of the heavy metals. The reduction was attributed to effect of high concentrations of the heavy metals that was taken up by the P. aeruginosa which is responsible for the observed inhibition of its growth. The potential harmful effect of these heavy metals can be seen from changes in turbidity of P. aeruginosa as the concentration of the heavy metals increases. These effects may also indirectly affect the aquatic animals leading to serious ecotoxicological hazard. Also, owing to the presence of heavy metals and some other pollutants the slight decrease in the growth of P. aeruginosa has been attributed to high concentration of heavy metals as a source of pollutants. Therefore, waste that contain either mercury or chromium as one of the major pollutants if discharged into water bodies without treatment may lead to devastating effects on the ecosystem.Item ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HYDROQUINONE COSMETIC ON GROWTH AND PIGMENT CONTENT OF SALVINIA CUCULLATTA (FERN PLANT)(Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, LAUTECH, Ogbomosho, 2015) Adebayo, G.B.; Okoro, H.K.; Oluyide, A.A.Study on the effects of different concentrations of (10ppm, 20ppm and 50ppm) hydroquinone solutions has been carried out on Salvinia Cucullata growth. The plants were cultured in a control with no hydroquinone and at different concentrations of hydroquinone solutions in the laboratory for a period of 8days. The toxicity symptoms, total chlorophyll content and biomass were determined at 2,4,6 and 8days.The results revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) effects on chlorophyll contents. Plants in the control having the highest chlorophyll content) and biomass as the concentration increases (from 11.45g which is control to 5.79g which is 50 ppm). The result has shown that cosmetic products that contain 2% hydroquinone (20,000ppm) are likely to produce residue of about 50ppm and hence can be detrimental to the ecosystem.Item Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Effluent using Duckweed as a Test organism(2015) Adebayo, G.B.; Okoro, H.K.; Balogun, G.A.The toxic effects and risk assessment of a pharmaceutical effluent collected from a pharmaceutical company in Ilorin, Nigeria have been carried out. In this study, duckweed was used as a test system. Chlorophyll a (chl a), Chlorophyll b (chl b) and Carotenoid (Cx+c) contents were determined. The Total Soluble Protein, peroxidase activity and relative growth rate based on biomass (change in weight of the plants), were investigated as indicators for environmental monitoring. The effluent caused inhibition of relative growth rate based on biomass and the loss of photosynthetic pigment content in duckweed plants following exposure to different concentrations of the effluent (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50% and 100%). Peroxidase activity and total heavy metals absorbed from the effluent by the plant markedly increased as the concentration of the effluent increased, while the total soluble protein decreased as the concentration of the effluent increased. Obtained data demonstrate the relevance of duckweed as useful indicators for monitoring toxic effect of pharmaceutical effluent.