Browsing by Author "Okolo, C.J."
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Item Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of Grain Size Characteristics and its Role in Determining the Environment of Deposition of sediments in Orlu and Environs, Imo State South Eastern Nigeria(Published by Faculty of Physical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria., 2021) Iheme, K.O.; Okolo, C.J.; Adedoyin, D.A.; Ibrahim, O. K.; Alebiosu, T.M.The depositional environments of sediments around Orlu and environs, Imo state, was studied using various statistical parameters including Mean size, Standard deviation, Skewness, and Kurtosis. These parameters were obtained from sieve analysis of fifteen (15) sediment samples obtained within the area of the study at different depth. The grain size distribution curves for the study area showed that about 80% by weight of the sediments are medium to coarse-grained sand and fine gravels, while the remaining 18% and 2% are fine-grained sand and coarse silt. The sorting indicates that the samples are very poorly sorted around Afor-nta and Isiekenesi areas, and are moderately sorted at Ihioma, and others area within the study. Other textural analysis also shows that the samples ranges from strongly fine skewed, very platykurtic to extreme leptokurtic and are uniformly graded, except in Afor-nta and Isiekenesi with wellgraded sediments. Analysis of the environment of deposition for the study area showed that the samples were deposited in beach/shallow agitated and fluvial agitated environments. Marine influence on the sediments seem to be dominant in the southern parts of the study area while fluvial influence is evident in the northern part of the area.Item GEOSTATISTICS AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF ELEYELE LAKE, IBADAN, SOUTH WEST NIGERIA(Published by Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria., 2021) Iheme, K.O.; Olelewe, M.C.; Omotoso, O. A.; Okolo, C.J.; Atanu, O.Evaluation of Eleyele Lake and Wetland, Ibadan South Western Nigeria was carried out to acertain the contamination state of the water bodies. 29 water samples were collected from the lake and its effluents streams, and were geochemically analzyed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometery (ICP-MP) while the pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured insitu during the sampling operations. Values of pH, TDS, EC, and metals with significant concentrations in the samples were selected as variables used for geostatistical analysis, and multivariate analysis; principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Comparison of geostatistical analysis result with Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality, shows that EC, TDS, iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al) concentration were above the recomended limits in many locations. PCA results show that the first 2 principal components accounts for 79.7% of the variability or information in the samples. PC scores clearly revealed two clusters which was indicative of where the water sample was collected; Lake or Tributary/effluent streams. Hierarchical clustering identified three clusters of samples but subsequent piper digram of the clusters revealed that clusters 2 and 3 were more alike and less contaminated by sodium (Na) compared to water samples in cluster 1.Item Geotechnical and Suitability Studies for Subgrade and Sub – Base Construction Materials Around Baba – Ode and Obada Areas Southwestern Nigeria.(Published by Faculty of Physical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria., 2021) Iheme, K.O.; Obaro, R.I.; Okolo, C.J.; Ibrahim, O.K.; Yusuf, M.ALateritic soils from Baba – Ode, in Ilorin, Kwara State and Obada in Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria were investigated with respect to their geotechnical properties and their suitability for subgrade and sub – base construction materials. Four disturbed lateritic soil samples A and B (Baba – ode in Ilorin) and samples C and D (Obada in Oyo state) were selected for grain size analyses, specific gravity tests, atterberg limit tests, compaction, California bearing ratio and shear box tests. Atterberg consistency limit test show that samples from Baba-ode has liquid limit ranges of 27.0 - 30.0%, plastic limit 16.2 - 19.5%, plasticity index 10.5 - 10.8%, shrinkage limit 7.4 - 9.1% while those from Obada has liquid limit ranges of 22.5 - 31.0%, plastic limit of 13.3 - 21.5%, shrinkage limit of 5.5 - 7.4% and plasticity index of 9.2 - 9.5%. They have California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values within 2-3% (mean = 2.75%) and 2% (mean = 2) in Baba-ode while Obada samples are 2-4% (mean = 2.75%) and 1-3% (mean = 1.5%) respectively. Optimum water contents for Baba-ode samples are 15.0% and 13.0 - 14% for standard and modified proctor respectively while those of Obada are 11.0 -15.0% for standard proctor and 10.0 - 14.0% for modified proctor. The cohesion of Baba-ode samples are within 70 90Kpa with mean of 79Kpa and angle of internal friction (ɸ) ranging from 260 - 320 with mean of 280 for standard and modified compaction energies respectively while Obada samples fall within 30- 40Kpa with mean of 35Kpa and the angle of internal friction ranges from 22o –280. Geotechnical analysis suggest that the soils are good to fair as erosion resistance in canal construction because of its high bearing capacity and can also be used as sub – grade and base course in road construction.