Browsing by Author "Odetoye, T.E"
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Item Improving Jatropha curcas Linneaus seed oil alkyd resins(Elsevier, 2012) Odetoye, T.E; Ogunniyi, D.S.; Olatunji, G.A.The Jatropha curcas Linnaeus (JCL) oil was extracted, refined and modified through epoxidation, hydroxylation and dehydration steps in order to increase the degree of unsaturation in the oil alkyl chain. The modified oil was subsequently used for alkyd resin preparation (50% oil formulation) using a two-stage alcoholysis-polyesterification method. Drying performances of white gloss paints formulated from the desaturated oil alkyd, considering a pigment-volume concentration of 20.67% gave improved results. Blending of the improved 50% JCL oil alkyd with acrylic further enhanced the drying properties and compare well with commercial standards. White gloss paint formulated from the improved JCL alkyd–acrylic blends (1:3) dried hard within 2 h at an outdoor temperature of 37 °C ± 2.Item Improving Jatropha curcas Linneaus seed oil alkyd resins(Wiley, 2012) Odetoye, T.E; Ogunniyi, D.S.; Olatunji, G.A.The Jatropha curcas Linnaeus (JCL) oil was extracted, refined and modified through epoxidation, hydroxylation and dehydration steps in order to increase the degree of unsaturation in the oil alkyl chain. The modified oil was subsequently used for alkyd resin preparation (50% oil formulation) using a two-stage alcoholysis-polyesterification method. Drying performances of white gloss paints formulated from the desaturated oil alkyd, considering a pigment-volume concentration of 20.67% gave improved results. Blending of the improved 50% JCL oil alkyd with acrylic further enhanced the drying properties and compare well with commercial standards. White gloss paint formulated from the improved JCL alkyd–acrylic blends (1:3) dried hard within 2 h at an outdoor temperature of 37 °C ± 2.Item Preparation and evaluation of Jatropha curcas Linneaus seed oil alkyd resins(Elsevier, 2010) Odetoye, T.E; Ogunniyi, D.S.; Olatunji, G.A.Jatropha curcas Linnaeus (JCL) seed oil was utilized in the preparation of four sets of alkyd resin (35%, 50%, 60% and 75% oil formulations) using a two-stage alcoholysis–polyesterification method. The rates of polyesterification depended on the amount of oil used during synthesis. The properties of the alkyds were evaluated. The range of solidification times was between 278 and 442 s; also the range of film thickness was between 0.014 and 0.08 mm, and the alkyds were readily soluble in turpentine, xylene and butanol. Inclusion of cobalt naphthenate as drier and outdoor temperature (37 °C ± 2) improved the drying properties of all the alkyds. The colours of white gloss paints formulated from the alkyds, considering a pigment-volume concentration of 20.67% in the gloss paint formulation, compared well with that of a paint formulated using a commercial alkyd sample. 1H NMR analysis confirms the expected structure of the alkyds.Item Preparation and Evaluation of Tobacco Seed Oil-Modified Alkyd Resins(Elsevier, 2008) Ogunniyi, D.S.; Odetoye, T.EFour sets of alkyd resins modified by varying the percentage of tobacco seed oil (TSO) contents were prepared according to the alcoholysis-polyesterification process. The effect of oil contents on properties such as the drying performance, thickness of film, solubility, viscosity and color of the alkyd resins was evaluated. The alkyd with the least oil content was the most rapid drying, most viscous and darkest in color. Also, the prepared alkyds and the commercial alkyds were used separately in the formulation of white gloss paints and the properties of the alkyds were found to be comparable with commercial samples.Item Studies on the preparation of Parinari polyandra Benth seed oil alkyd resins(Wiley, 2013) Odetoye, T.E; Ogunniyi, D.S.; Olatunji, G.A.Parinari polyandra Benth seed oil was utilized in the preparation of four sets of alkyd resin (35%, 50%, 60%, and 75% oil formulations) using a two‐stage alcoholysis‐polyesterification method. The rate of polyesterification was depended on the amount of oil used during synthesis. The properties of the alkyds (drying times, film characteristics, water and acid resistances, and solubility) were evaluated using relevant standards. Inclusion of cobalt naphthenate drier in the alkyds and their exposure to outdoor temperature improved the drying properties. White gloss paints formulated from the alkyds, considering a pigment‐volume concentration of 20.67% in the gloss paint formulation compare well with commercial standard. FTIR and 1H‐NMR analysis confirm the alkyd (glycerol‐phthalate) structure.Item Thermochemical Characterisation of Agricultural Wastes from West Africa(2013) Titiloye, J.O.; AbuBarkar, M.S.; Odetoye, T.EThermochemical characterisation of agricultural biomass wastes from West African region has been carried out and their potential use as feedstock in thermochemical conversion processes determined. Proximate, ultimate, structural compositions, calorific values, thermogravimetry (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analyses were carried out on corn straw and cobs, rice straw and husks, cocoa pod, jatropha curcas and moringa olifiera seed cakes, parinari polyandra fruit shell and sugarcane bagasse. Moringa olifiera seed cakes and cocoa pods were found to contain the highest moisture contents. Rice straw was found to contain a high ash content of 45.76 wt.%. The level of nitrogen and sulphur in all the samples were very low. Rice husk was found to have the highest lignin contents while corn cob low lignin contents indicate a potential feedstock source for quality bio-oil production using thermochemical process.Item Thermochemical Characterisation of Agricultural Wastes from West Africa(Elsevier, 2013) Titiloye, J.O.; AbuBarkar, M.S.; Odetoye, T.EThermochemical characterisation of agricultural biomass wastes from West African region has been carried out and their potential use as feedstock in thermochemical conversion processes determined. Proximate, ultimate, structural compositions, calorific values, thermogravimetry (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analyses were carried out on corn straw and cobs, rice straw and husks, cocoa pod, jatropha curcas and moringa olifiera seed cakes, parinari polyandra fruit shell and sugarcane bagasse. Moringa olifiera seed cakes and cocoa pods were found to contain the highest moisture contents. Rice straw was found to contain a high ash content of 45.76 wt.%. The level of nitrogen and sulphur in all the samples were very low. Rice husk was found to have the highest lignin contents while corn cob low lignin contents indicate a potential feedstock source for quality bio-oil production using thermochemical process.Item Thermochemical Characterization of Nigerian Jatropha curcas Fruit and Seed Residues for Biofuel Production(Springer Nature, 2018) Odetoye, T.E; Afolabi, T.J.; AbuBarkar, M.S.; Titiloye, J.O.This study investigates the thermochemical properties of the separate components of jatropha biomass residues of Nigerian origin towards bio-oil production. The biomass residues (Jatropha curcas fruit shells and seed coat) were obtained from their mature jatropha fruits and subjected to physico-chemical characterization (structural composition analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, proximate and ultimate analyses). The structural compositions (extractives, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents) of jatropha fruit shell and jatropha seed coat were 3%, 34.0%, 40.0% and 12.7%, and 42.3%, 32.5%, 10.5% and 5.7%, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the ash contents of jatropha seed coat and jatropha fruit shell were 0.8% and 15.4%, respectively. The carbon contents were 48.3% and 41.5%, while measured calorific values were 20.06 MJ/kg and 17.14 MJ/kg for jatropha seed coat and fruit shell, respectively. The carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur contents were found comparable with those in the literature. This study indicated that the thermochemical properties of the Nigerian Jatropha fruit and seeds residues were comparable with literature values and residues were found suitable for bio-oil production.Item Trans-esterification of tobacco seed oil using some agricultural wastes as catalysts(Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers, 2017) Motojesi, O.; Ogunniyi, D.S.; Odetoye, T.EFatty acid methyl esters were produced from tobacco seed oil having high free fatty acid (FFA) content (13.02%). The high FFA content of tobacco seed oil was reduced to less than 2% in a 1 h reaction by a two-step process. The first step was acid-catalysed esterification reaction conducted at 50 oC using 1% w/w H2SO4, 18:1 molar ratio methanol with respect to the high FFA tobacco seed oil to produce methyl ester by lowering the acid value. The second step was transesterification of the treated oil obtained using 6:1 methanol to oil ratio. The following catalysts:1%w/w KOH, 2%w/w cocoa pod ash and 2%w/w rice husk ash were employed to produce fatty acids methyl esters at 65oC. The yields for fatty acids methyl esters obtained were 96%, 94.6% and 82% in 2h for KOH, cocoa pod ash and rice husk ash catalysts respectively.