Browsing by Author "Nyamngee, Amase"
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Item Comparative Assessment of Urine Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Detection Cassette and Microscopy for the Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis in North Central Nigeria.(College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2020-04) Nyamngee, Amase; Edungbola, L. D.; Abubakar, M. A.; Abubakar, L.; Ikpe, R. T.; Agbendeh, L. N.; Injan, E; Ighodalo, MA study was carried out between May and December 2019 in four States (Benue, Kogi, Kwara and Niger) North Central, Nigeria to determine endemicity of schistosomiasis (urinary and intestinal) among primary school pupils using the newly developed commercially available Schisto point-of-care (POC) Urine Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) detection cassette and microscopy, the old standard method so as to evaluate performance of CCA detection cassette test. One thousand, one hundred and seventy-six (608 males and 568 females) stool and urine specimen were collected from each participant and examined using urine CCA detection cassette test and microscopy (Kato-Katz method for stool and urine filtration techniques for urine specimens). A total of 524 (40.9%) out 176 pupils sampled were tested positive using CCA detection cassette, while 381 (33.5%) pupils were positive using microscopy. The difference in the prevalence of schistosomiasis using CCA detection cassette as compared to that of microscopy was statistically significantly (p = 0.000). The sensitivity and specificity of CCA detection cassette using latent class analysis (LCA) were 76.3% and 76.9% respectively,while the sensitivity and specificity of microscopy were 62.5% and 86.5% respectively.The result shows that CCA detection cassette is more sensitive than microscopy. The prevalence of schistosomiasis in males was (42.6%) and in females was (38.2%) using CCA detection cassette. while microscopy method had a prevalence of 32.4% in males and 35.3% in females (p = 0.693). CCA detection cassette and microscopy both agreed that there is no significant difference between male and female prevalence. Overall, the prevalence of schistosomiasis was ….. by the CCA detection cassette and intestinal and urinary schistosomiasis using microscopy techniques were 9.7% and 29.5% respectively. It was concluded from this study that the newly developed Urine Circulating Cathodic detection cassette was able to identify more schistosomiasis cases than the old microscopic methods. Although it was not able differentiate between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni, it is still stands more promising for clinical and community diagnosis of schistosomiasis as compared to the old microscopic methods. We therefore, recommend that the highly sensitive newly developed Urine Circulating Cathodic Antigen Detection Cassette be made available for clinical use and community diagnosis of schistosomiasis complementarily or possibly replace the microscopy methods.Item Intestinal Parasitosis Among Food Handlers in a Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria(Rwanda Biomedical Center/Rwanda Health Communication Center, Rwanda, 2020) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Nyamngee, Amase; Fasiku, Mojirola Martina; Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Akanbi II, A. ABACKGROUND: Food borne diseases (FBD), such as intestinal parasitosis, remain a major public health issue across the globe, especially in developing countries. The entire hospital community is at risk of acquiring these diseases from food handlers (FHs) in hospitals. Hospitalized patients are particularly at risk primarily due to compromised immunity. OBJECTIVES: This study determined the carriage rate of intestinal parasites and assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with carriage among FHs in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study that involved screening of all FHs in the hospital for intestinal parasites was conducted from May 2018 to June 2018. Finger swabs and fresh stool specimens of the FHs were collected and examined for intestinal parasites following standard microbiological techniques. The socio-demographic characteristics of the FHs were also obtained using structured questionnaires specifically designed for the study. RESULTS: Of the 81 FHs studied, 9 (11.1%) were positive for different types of intestinal parasites. Entamoeba histolytica (33.3%) and hookworms (33.3%) were the most common intestinal parasites, followed by Taenia spp. (22.2%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (11.2%). All intestinal parasites were detected in stool specimens with none recovered from the finger swabs. The educational level of the FHs was significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis (p=0.047). CONCLUSION: FHs in this study are carriers of intestinal parasites and their level of education is significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis. Periodic screening and eradication therapy for infested FHs are recommended to avoid outbreaks of FBD in hospitals.Item Prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella carriage among food handlers at a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria(University of Ilorin, 2020) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Akanbi II, A. A; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Fasiku, Mojirola Martina; Nyamngee, Amase; Ogunmodede, James AyodeleFood borne diseases such as salmonellosis and shigellosis remain a major public health problem across the globe especially in the developing countries. Food handlers are potential transmitters of food borne bacteria that cause these diseases. Periodic screening of food handlers can prevent life threatening outbreaks in hospitals and the larger community. This study therefore aimed at determining the carriage rate of Salmonella and Shigella spp. among food handlers at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin. This was an observational study of all the food handlers in the hospital who met the inclusion criteria for this study. They were screened for specific food borne pathogens from May to June, 2018. Hand swabs and fresh stool specimens collected from the food handlers were examined specifically for Salmonella and Shigella spp. using standard microbiological techniques. The socio-demographic characteristics of the food handlers were also obtained using structured questionnaires specifically designed for the study. Of 81 participants recruited into the study, Salmonella spp was isolated from the stool of 1 (1.2%) of the food handlers. No Shigella spp. was isolated from the stool cultures. The hand swabs revealed no isolate. The colonization rate of food handlers by Salmonella spp in this study, there is very low yet epidemiologically significant. Periodic screening and FBP eradication therapy for carrying/ infected FBHs is recommended to avoid outbreaks of food borne infections in the hospital.