Browsing by Author "Nasir, Faruk"
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Item Application of Computational Intelligence Algorithms in Radio Propagation: A Systematic Review and Metadata Analysis(Mobile Information Systems, 2021-01-21) Quadri, Ramon; Nasir, Faruk; Kayode, Adewole; Abubakar, Abdulkarim; Lukman, Olawoyin; Abdulkarim, Oloyede; Haruna, Chiroma; Aliyu, Usman; Carlos, CalafateThe importance of wireless path loss prediction and interference minimization studies in various environments cannot be over- emphasized. In fact, numerous researchers have done massive work on scrutinizing the effectiveness of existing path loss models for channel modeling. The difficulties experienced by the researchers determining or having the detailed information about the propagating environment prompted for the use of computational intelligence (CI) methods in the prediction of path loss. This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic literature review on the application of nature-inspired computational approaches in radio propagation analysis. In particular, we cover artificial neural networks (ANNs), fuzzy inference systems (FISs), swarm intelligence (SI), and other computational techniques. The main research trends and a general overview of the different research areas, open research issues, and future research directions are also presented in this paper. This review paper will serve as reference material for researchers in the field of channel modeling or radio propagation and in particular for research in path loss prediction.Item Comparative Study of Routing Protocol Performance in Mobile Ad hoc Network(International Journal of Information Processing & Communication, 2019) 1. Sowande, Olugbenga; Salami, R; Adebowale, Quadri Ramon; Nasir, Faruk; Olawoyin, Lukman Abiodun; Adeniran, Temitayo C; Oloyede, Abdulkarim AOver the decades amazing progress has been observed in the world of wireless and mobile communication that ushers in the era in which laptops, smartphones and sensors have become pervasive, inexpensive and rapidly available. Due to the high mobility and dynamic nature of the network finding an effective and efficient routing protocol for a particular scenario is often a challenge. This paper basically focuses on the comparative study of the performance of the routing protocols (Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Optimized Link State Routing(OLSR)) using OPNET (Optimized Network Engineering Tool). Four scenarios were created, and each scenario with different nodes and run on three application services (HTTP, FTP and Video conferencing). The performance of the protocols was compared based on certain metrics (Throughput, end-to-end Delay, Load). The simulation results show that the AODV on the average performed better than OLSR and DSR, but OLSR will be preferred for real-time application and higher number of connected nodes in a MANET systemItem Comparative Study of Routing Protocol Performance in Mobile Ad hoc Network(2019-05) Sowande, O.A.,; Salami, R.,; Adebowale, Q.R.,; Nasir, Faruk; Olawoyin, L. A.,; Adeniran, T.C.,; Oloyede, A.A.Over the decades amazing progress has been observed in the world of wireless and mobile communication that ushers in the era in which laptops, smartphones and sensors have become pervasive, inexpensive and rapidly available. Due to the high mobility and dynamic nature of the network finding an effective and efficient routing protocol for a particular scenario is often a challenge. This paper basically focuses on the comparative study of the performance of the routing protocols (Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Optimized Link State Routing(OLSR)) using OPNET (Optimized Network Engineering Tool). Four scenarios were created, and each scenario with different nodes and run on three application services (HTTP, FTP and Video conferencing). The performance of the protocols was compared based on certain metrics (Throughput, end-to-end Delay, Load). The simulation results show that the AODV on the average performed better than OLSR and DSR, but OLSR will be preferred for real-time application and higher number of connected nodes in a MANET system.Item Hybridization of OFDM and Physical Layer Techniques for Information Security in Wireless System.(by Sule Lamido University Journal of Science & Technology, 2023-03-31) Lukman .A, Olawoyin; Abdul -Rahman, Musrafah; Nasir, Faruk; Abdulkarim, Oloyede; Temitayo, Adeniran; Imam-Fulani, Yusuf; Olabamji, Lasisi; Sikiru, Ismaeel; Bashir, Abdullahi BabaDue to quest for high data rate, reliable and secure communication, this has motivated both wired and wireless network access service providers to deploy a next-generation network with ability to meet the required need. The use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) enables reliable transmission of various data traffic by optimizing subcarrier, power, and allocation of bits among different users. Traditionally, securing data in wireless system is always at the upper layer of open system interconnection (OSI) Model by using data encryption techniques. However, such techniques may not be acceptable for future decentralized networks due to their high complexity in implementation and computation. In this work, an OFDM IEEE 802.11a wireless system is used and physical layer encryption (PLE) schemes are implemented in securing the information transfer between two legitimate parties. In the simulation, the source data are encrypted by obfuscation with dummy data in between the encrypted data of which 52 subcarriers were considered of which 25 subcarriers are reserved for dummy data and 27 were for data. The simulation was conducted for four different modulation techniques i.e., BPSK, QPSK, 16 QAM, and 64 QAM. The result obtained shown that for all the modulation schemes, the key rate increases with an increase in the reserved subcarrier bits. Also, the security level increased when substantial percentages of the subcarriers are reserved for dummy data.Item Path Loss Predictions in the VHF and UHF Bands Within Urban Environments: Experimental Investigation of Empirical, Heuristics and Geospatial Models(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019-06-01) Nasir, Faruk; Segun, Popoola; Bakinde, Surajudeen; Abdulkarim, Oloyede; Lukman A, Olawoyin; Mudathir, Akorede; Adulkader, Madugu; J.D, Morrow; Yinusa, AdediranDeep knowledge of how radio waves behave in a practical wireless channel is required for effective planning and deployment of radio access networks in urban environments. Empirical propagation models are popular for their simplicity, but they are prone to introduce high prediction errors. Different heuristic methods and geospatial approaches have been developed to further reduce path loss prediction error. However, the efficacy of these new techniques in built-up areas should be experimentally verified. In this paper, the efficiencies of empirical, heuristic, and geospatial methods for signal fading predictions in the very high frequency (VHF) and ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands in typical urban environments are evaluated and analyzed. Electromagnetic field strength measurements are performed at different test locations within four selected cities in Nigeria. The data collected are used to develop path loss models based on artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and Kriging techniques. The prediction results of the developed models are compared with those of selected empirical models and field measured data. Apart from Egli and ECC-33, the root mean squared error (RMSE) produced by all other models under investigation are considered acceptable. Specifically, the ANN and ANFIS models yielded the lowest prediction errors. However, the empirical models have the lowest standard deviation errors across all the bands. The findings of this study will help radio network engineers to achieve efficient radio coverage estimation; determine the optimal base station location; make a proper frequency allocation; select the most suitable antenna; and perform interference feasibility studies.Item Spectrum Pricing and Cognitive Radio(International Journal on Wireless Communication, 2014-05-05) Oloyede, Abdulkarim; David, G; Nasir, FarukWireless service providers (WSP) are facing continuous challenge of enhancing network coverage and capacity to handle ongoing upsurge in data traffic and increased user demand for ubiquitous high quality service. Several economic models have been proposed to provide flexible prices to users and also serve as a control to the network resource. However, the existing pricing schemes available today could still not mitigate the problem of unfairness and congestion. This is expected to be persistent as the demand for data applications keeps increasing. In this paper, we propose a real-time dynamic pricing scheme based on game model that incooperated the current demand, the state of the network and the transmitting power of the users. The model determines the pricing based on the relationship and conflict of interest between the service provider and the user. Results of analysis show that Nash Equilibrium can be achieved when both users and the service providers adopt the use of learning to approximate the utility of each other. The model demonstrates how pricing can be used to simulate the cooperation of users and the service provider to generate a socially, optimal allocation mechanism. Furthermore, we found that if learning is adopted by both the users and the service providers, then, the utility and energy consumed by the users can be improved significantly when compared to a non-learning system.