Browsing by Author "Mustapha, O. T."

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    Comparative evaluation of seed quality and physico-chemical properties of groundnut varieties consumed in Nigeria
    (AAU J. Physical & Applied Sciences, 2025) Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulkareem, K A.; Kareem, I.; Babatunde, M. O.; Ayinla, A.; Sagaya, A.; Mustapha, O. T.
    Groundnuts have been established to have great health benefits due to their biochemical constituents. Varieties abound, differing in their quality of seed and oil characteristics; hence, the need to continually assess the characteristics of the seeds, most importantly the improved varieties, whose chemical composition and physico-chemical properties are scant in the literature. In this study, the proximate, mineral and physico-chemical properties of five groundnut varieties (KAMPALA, SAMNUTS 23, 24, 25 and 28) were evaluated using standard procedures. The results revealed that crude protein, fat and fibre were higher in SAMNUT23 when compared to other varieties. Aside from ash and carbohydrate, the KAMPALA variety recorded the lowest values of all parameters. Regardless of varietal differences in mineral elements, the seeds were rich in phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, compared to other essential elements such as zinc, iron, copper, and nitrogen. However, the mineral elements were significantly higher in SAMNUT varieties when compared to KAMPALA. The physico-chemical properties did not show appreciable differences except for acid value, iodine value and saponification values, which were significantly lowest in SAMNUT28. The findings revealed that all the SAMNUTvarieties, especially SAMNUT23, 24 and 25, had superior quality; hence, their use in seed certification, food processing and breeding programmes within the groundnut value chain in Nigeria should be encouraged.
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    Effects of priming on germination and biochemical attributes of three maize lines under NaCl stress condition
    (Bioagro, 2022) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani Y.; Kareem, I.; Ayinla, A.; Kolawole, O. S.; Adam, O. I.; Odudu, F. U.; Ibuowo, M. B.; Mustapha, O. T.; Sulyman, A.
    The adverse effect of salinity has been established to vary between different varieties of the same plant species. This study was therefore conducted to determine the tolerability of three newly released lines of maize to saline conditions when primed with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and salicylic acid (SA) each at 1.0 M concentration; seeds primed with distilled water were used as control. Concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mM NaCl were tested. The experiment followed a 3x3x5 factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. The results revealed significant interaction between maize lines and salinity where the germination percentage of line SWAN-LSR-Y was much more affected than the other lines at the salinity level of 50 mM, and its speed of germination was more affected than the others when passing from 150 to 300 mM NaCl. The seedling lengths (radicle and plumule) and seed vigor index were influenced by significant interaction between the primer and salinity, where EDTA enhanced better seedling growth than the other primers when the salinity did not exceed 150 mM. OMR-LSR-SY maize line did not show tolerability at this concentration. Similarly, EDTA and SA treated maize lines showed lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, most importantly in SWAN-LSR-Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y maize lines. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were enhanced in SWAN-LSR- Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y upon application of EDTA.
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    Phylogenetic position of Nigerian species of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) in the current infrageneric classification
    (Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2024) Tiamiyu, B. B.; Lateef, A. A.; Sagaya, A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Ayinla, A.; Adeyemi, S. B.; Amenu, S. G.; AbdulRahaman A. A.; Mustapha, O. T.
    Curcuma longa L. (commonly known as Tumeric) is the only species of the genus Curcuma found in Nigeria. It is of great economic importance to Nigeria, Africa, Asia, and other parts of the world, where it is widely used for ornamental and medicinal purposes, and as spices in food and beverages. However, the phylogenetic placement of the turmeric plant (C. longa) in Nigeria is far from being fully resolved, hence the need for this study. The rhizomes of turmeric were collected at the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Oyo state. Genomic DNA was extracted, followed by the amplification of the ITS and psbA-trnH regions. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Maximum likelihood method. The result resolved the phylogenetic position of Nigerian species and supported existing subgenera classification into three clades, all with high bootstrap support for the three clades. The result of this study supports the subgenera classification of the genus and further reveals the phylogenetic position of C. longa.