Browsing by Author "Muritala, Hamdalat Folake"
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Item Antioxidant and alpha - amylase inhibitory potentials of Cocos nucifera husk(Wiley Periodicals, 2018) Muritala, Hamdalat Folake; Akolade, J.O., Akande, S.A., Abdulazeez, A.T., Aladodo, R.A. and Bello, A.B.Concoctions containing extract from Cocos nucifera husk fiber are used in Nigeria by traditional medicine practitioners for management of diabetes and its associated complications. Preliminary antidiabetic study was designed to validate the folkloric usage of the plant extract. Dried coconut husk fiber was pulverized and extracted with methanol, followed by partitioning of the methanolic extract in ethyl acetate. Phenolic content, radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity as well as inhibitory effects of C. nucifera methanolic (CN- M) extract and its ethyl acetate (CN- E) fraction on pancreatic α- amylase and lipid peroxidation were determined. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of CN- E fraction were significantly higher than that of CN- M extract, whereas there was no significant difference in their ability to scavenge free radicals. The CN- E fraction also exhibited higher in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects on α- amylase activity and lipid peroxidation; reducing blood glucose level within 5 days following intraperitoneal administration of the C. nucifera extract to alloxan- induced hyperglycemic rats. The phenolic- rich extracts from coconut husk can be further explored as nutraceutical supplement in food formulation for diabetic patients.Item Histological changes in selected tissues of male rats following administration of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of phyllanthus amarus(Nigerian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2015) Muritala, Hamdalat Folake; Akolade, J.O., Haruna, M.A., Tijani, H.A. & Yakubu, M.T.The effects of oral administration of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus amarus on the histology of brain, heart, liver, kidney and testes of male Wistar rats were studied. Thirty five rats (212.23 ± 16.14 g) were randomly assigned into seven groups designated A, B, C, D, E, F and G and were orally administered distilled water (control), 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (bw) of aqueous extract and 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw of ethanolic extract of whole P. amarus, once a day, for 15 days. The animals were anesthetized and sacrificed after which sections (1 cm thick) of each tissue was cut and processed for histological analysis using haematoxylin and eosin stains. The photomicrographs were observed under light microscope at x100 magnification. The histological examination of the tissues revealed dose-dependent mild to moderate glomerular inflammation in the kidney, stressed cardiac tissues in the heart, reduced germ cells in the testes and cytoplasmic degeneration in the liver of rats administered 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw of aqueous extract of P. amarus. In contrast, there was no evidence of histoarchitectural changes in the rats that were administered the ethanolic extracts of P. amarus except the 400 mg/kg bw that produced polymorph infiltrations in the hepatocytes, inflammation in the cardiac cells and testicular histoarchitecture when compared with those of the control rats. The brain histoarchitecture were preserved after the administration of the solvent extracts of P. amarus. The study revealed that administration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw of aqueous extract and 400 mg/kg bw of the ethanolic extracts of P. amarus on daily basis for 15 days exhibited structural toxicity on the selected organs of male rats. These histoarchitectural changes may lead to compromise of the normal functioning of the organs of male rats.Item Paroxetine administration alter some biochemical parameters in male Wistar rats over a systemic period of thirty-five days(Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2021) Muritala, Hamdalat Folake; Bewaji, Clement OlatubosunParoxetine is often used to treat patients with psychotic disorders, one of the side effects of this medication is that it causes erectile dysfunction in such individuals. There is a little or no information on the effect of paroxetine on some biochemical and endothelial markers of experimental models, hence the need for this research. Biochemical and endothelial functional makers in male Wistar rats were evaluated after oral administration of paroxetine for 4, 7, 21, 28 and 35 days. Seventy-two (72) male Wistar rats were grouped into two of thirty-six rats in group A (control) which received normal saline and thirty-six rats in group B (paroxetine-treated) which received 10 mg/Kg body weight of paroxetine hydrochloride for 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35days respectively. During this period, six animals from the two groups were sacrificed on days 4,7,14, 21, 28 and 35 by anaesthesia using diethyl ether, blood was collected into lithium–heparinized bottles and the tissues of interest (penile and heart) of the rats were excised and preserved in ice-cold sucrose-tris buffer. Phosphodiesterase 5, arginase, nitric oxide were evaluated from the isolated tissue homogenates while cGMP, endothelin-1, creatine kinase, lipid profile and testosterone concentrations were evaluated from the plasma. The results revealed that during pre-treatment with paroxetine, there was significant (p < 0.05) 85.19 ± 4.64 and 92.58 ± 0.57 respectively PDE 5 inhibition in the penile and cardiac homogenates of rats. Nitric oxide concentration was significantly (p> 0.05) 2.96 ± 0.27 and 4.82 ± 0.05reduced while arginase activities increased significantly (p > 0.05) 272.16 ± 5.07 and 201.93 ± 11.82 during paroxetine treatment. Same trend of results were observed with plasma endothelin-1 concentration (12.88 ± 0.78), cGMP concentration (0.14 ± 0.00) and Testosterone concentration (0.46 ± 0.03) was significantly (p > 0.05) decreased during paroxetine-treatment. However, plasma creatine kinase 463.6 ± 50.96, triacyl glycerol 58.61 ± 5.49, total cholesterol 181.55 ± 9.72 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 165.86 ± 9.72 were significantly (p < 0.05) increased during paroxetine-treatment. However, no significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 8.07 ± 0.46 during administration with paroxetine. From this study, it can be concluded that paroxetine administration altered erectile and endothelial markers throughout the period of administration and as such should be prescribed to patients with caution.