Browsing by Author "Muhammad-Lawal, A."
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Item Analysis of Cotton Production in Katsina State, Nigeria(Published by the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, 2015) Amolegbe, K.B.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Olatunbosun, S.This study sought to identify major cropping patterns adopted in cotton production, determine the optimal plan in cotton production in the study area, identify factors affecting cotton production in the study area, examine the technical efficiency of cotton production, and identify the constraints to cotton production. One hundred and seventy-five (175) farmers were interviewed in two Local Government Areas of Katsina State through a multistage sampling technique. Analytical tools such as descriptive statistics, Linear Programming Model and the Stochastic Production Frontier Model were used for data analysis. Results from the study show that about 60% of the farmers were full-time farmers with at least 10 years of cotton farming experience. The estimated coefficient of tractor use and fertilizer are positive and significant at 1% while that of farm size and quantity of seed planted are also positive and significant at 5% and 10% levels of significance respectively. This implies that output of cotton farmers in the study area would be expected to increase with the increasing use of production inputs such as farm size, fertilizer, tractor use and quantity of seed planted. The coefficient of age and farming experience were estimated to be negative but only age was statistically significant at 10% level of significance. This implies that cotton farmers that are aged and experienced tend to be more efficient in cotton production and hence, increase in the level of their cotton output. The study concludes that ample opportunities exist for farmers to increase their productivity and income through more efficient resource utilisation. It is recommended that adequate inputs such as fertilizer and improved seeds and machinery should be made available to the cotton farmers by government and non-governmental agencies.Item Analysis of Rural Farming Households’ Access to Credit in Kwara State, Nigeria(Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, 2012) Olatinwo, K.B.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Buremoh, S.A.Agricultural credit has been identified as an important component in the development of the agricultural sector in Nigeria. Though, agricultural credit has the potentials of improved capital formation, increased resource productivity and diversified agriculture among the rural farming households, inadequate access to agricultural credit is among major factors responsible for the decline in the contribution of agriculture to the Nigerian economy. This study therefore examined various sources of credit available to the famers in Kwara state, Nigeria. It also analyzed the determinants of access to agricultural credit among the farming households. A two-stage random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 90 farming households as respondents. The respondents were interviewed with the aid of well-structured questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Ordinary Least Square regression analysis. The study showed that co- operative societies, personal savings and rotary loan scheme ‘esusu’ were the regularly accessible sources of credit. The study also showed that interest rate, type of agricultural enterprise and size of farm had a significant relationship with the farmers’ access to credit. Lack of collateral security was also identified as a major problem faced by farmers in accessing loans. It is therefore recommended that the formation of co-operative societies should be encouraged among farmers. Also, the government should adopt policies that would encourage the formal credit institutions to grant soft loans for agricultural production.Item Assessment of adoption of improved rice production technologies among rice farmers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria(Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Port Harcourt, 2019) Oloyede, W.O.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Bakare, S.O.; Amolegbe, K.B.; Ajibade, T.B.Local production is yet to match the growing domestic demand for rice in Nigeria and this has continued to form the basis for improved technology innovation to promote crop productivity. The study assessed the adoption of improved rice production technologies among rice farmers in Nasarawa State. A two-stage sampling technique was employed to collect data from 160 respondents from the list of registered farmers under the Bukan-Sidi Lafia Rice Innovation Platform of the Nasarawa/Benue hub. The study specifically: examined determinants of the level of adoption of improved rice production technologies and determined the effects of adopting improved rice production technologies on rice productivity. T-test and Logit Regression Model were used as the analytical tools. The results show that educational level, household size, off-farm income, number of extension contacts and farm size were statistically significant at 10%, 5%, and 1%, respectively. Also, the full adoption of improved rice production technologies significantly increased rice productivity. The study recommends that rice farmers be encouraged through intervening measures such as subsidies to fully adopt the improved rice production technologies to help improve rice productivity.Item Assessment of climate adaptation strategies among sorghum farmers in Kwara, Nigeria(Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, 2017) Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Amolegbe, K.B.; Yunusa, S.O.Sorghum is a major cereal crop among farmers and has a lot of food security importance in Kwara State. There has been paucity of empirical information in the area of adaptation strategies to climate change in relation to sorghum production in Kwara State, and to sustain the yields of sorghum in Nigeria, there is a need for assessing climate change adaptation strategies among sorghum farmers in the State. This study was therefore designed to: 1) identify adaptation strategies to climate change used in sorghum production; 2) identify the constraints to climate change adaptation strategies; 3) estimate the costs implication of adaptation strategies to sorghum yield in the study area; 4) examine the determinants of sorghum farmer’s choice to the usage of climate change adaptation strategies and 5) determine the determinants of investment on adaptation strategies. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 145 sorghum farmers that were randomly selected from the 5 LGAs in Zone C of the KWADP. A three-stage random sampling technique was used to select the sampled sorghum farming households used for the study. Major tools of analysis for the study included descriptive statistics, 5 points likert-type scale, correlation analysis and multinomial logistic regression and ordinary least square regression for the respective objectives. Findings from the study showed that the costs of using more adaptation strategies have a positive relationship with the sorghum yield. The multinomial logistic regression indicated that household size significantly affects the use of adaptation strategies among sorghum farmers in the study area. The reference category is high level of usage of adaptation strategies. It was discovered with the aid of ordinary least square regression that the number of strategies used, farming as source of income, farm income and farm size have positive relationship with the costs incurred by farmers. The implication of the findings of the study is that all adaptation strategies to climate change, in sorghum production are necessary while the farmers use more of the strategies common to them and less of others. The larger the household size and farm size, the better the yield, because these ensure a high number of usage of adaptation strategies. The study recommended that farmers should be trained and supported on using more adaptation strategies. Policies that will increase development and farmers’ assess to improved sorghum varieties should be encouraged.Item Assessment of Dietary Diversity and Food Calorie Consumption among Rural Households in Kwara State, Nigeria.(Applied Tropical Agriculture School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria., 2017) Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Ibrahim, H.K; Oloyede, W.O; Belewu, K.Y; Adesina, T.AThe study assessed the factors that influence dietary diversity behaviour of rural households as well as the relationship between the dietary diversity and food calorie consumption among rural households in Kwara State, Nigeria. 120 rural households were selected using a three-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. The study adopted random utility model to fit the collected data, which were analysed using household Dietary Diversity Score [DDS], Analysis of Variance [ANOVA] test and Multinomial Logit Regression [MLR] technique. The result revealed that with reference to medium dietary diversity category, age, household income, gender and education level were the socioeconomic factors that are positively significant at p<0.01, p<0.05 and p<0.1 levels to explain the dietary diversity attitude of the respondents. However, household size is negatively significant at p<0.01 level, which express the variation of the dietary diversity of households with reference to medium dietary diversity. The food energy consumption (F-value, 183.15) is affected by rural households’ decision of dietary diversity by at least 2245 kcal, which is above the recommended calorie for daily intake (1800 kcal). The findings of the study suggested that enlightenment campaigns on family planning, food-aid intervention and nutrition education could be strengthened to provide the recommendable dietary formula that improves human health status.Item Assessment of Dry Season Garden Egg Production Among Small-Scale Farmers in Edu Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria(University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, 2017) Omotesho, O.A.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Amolegbe, K.B.; Abubakar, T.A.The study was carried out for the purpose of assessing dry season garden egg production among small-scale farmers in Edu Local Government Area of Kwara State. The study adopted a snowballing sampling technique to sample 120 small-scale garden egg farmers. Five research questions were formulated to achieve the objectives of this research work. Descriptive statistics, cost and return analysis and OLS regression were used to analyze the data collected. Cost and return analysis shows that the total revenue generated from the sales of irrigated garden egg produce for a typical farmer was N 36,596.5k while the total fixed cost (depreciated) and variable input cost amounted to 1,279.22K to give a net farm income (NFI) of N 24,582.68k. The OLS regression results revealed that the coefficients of farm size and household size were positive and significant at the 1% and 10% levels of probability respectively. This implies that an increase in farm size by 1 ha will increase the production of dry-season garden eggs by 1 percent. While the results of the stochastic production frontier estimate show that the parameters of labour, fertilizer and farm size were highly significant, chemical use was significant at 10% level. This result implies that the farmers were technically efficient in the use of labour, fertilizer, chemical and farm size. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should be encouraged to form cooperative societies, whereby they can join their resources together to provide a cost-effective irrigation system. Also, government authorities and other non-governmental organisations are encouraged to give farmers fertilizers and other chemicals at subsidized rates. There is a need for the revitalization of the marketing board in Nigeria to further strengthen the marketing of agricultural produce and reduce marketing, storage and transportation problems.Item ASSESSMENT OF RURAL MARKET PARTICIPATION AMONG FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN KWARA STATE(Department of Marketing, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2015) Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Ibrahim, H.K.; Oloyede, W.O.; Abdulraheem, M.O.Farming households participate in the rural markets to commercialize their farm produce. Rural market participation thus, improves welfare of the rural poor through the exchange of agricultural based goods for money. Inadequate knowledge about the factors affecting the decision whether or not farmer engages in rural market and the lack of information about the intensity of non-participation of farmers in rural markets may hinder effective planning for welfare of farming households. The study therefore determined the level of market participation among rural farming households, the determinants of decision to market participation among farming households and the factor affecting the intensity of nonparticipation of farmers in rural markets. Three-stage sampling technique was used for the study where 160 farming households were randomly selected across selected eight rural communities. Data were collected through personal interview using structured questionnaires. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and double hurdle model. The results of the study revealed that 58% of the respondents were in rural markets with less than 30% of farm produce. This implies that, more than halve of respondents are involved in selling small quantity of farm produce at rural market. The decision to participate in the markets is determined by educational status (p<0.01), access to credit (p<0.01), market information access (p<0.05), commodities prices (p<0.05) and market surplus (p<0.01).The study further revealed that educational status, access to credit, market information access, commodities prices and market surplus reduced the intensity of non-participation in rural markets by 69%, 100%, 2.2%,0.09% and 0.04 % among the rural households respectively. On the other hand, household size increased the intensity of non-participation in rural markets by 3% among the households.The study concluded that access to credit, market information and education can significantly increase the extent of market participation among poor farmers while households size would hamper the participation. Therefore, the study recommended that, farmers should be educated on the importance of commercializing more farm produce through rural market participation. Also, farmer should be encouraged to form cooperative to ease access to credit and market information. Besides, there is the need for awareness on the significance of family planning to improve market participation among farmers.Item Comparative analysis of the performances of adopters and non-adopters of yam minisett technology in Kwara State, Nigeria.(School of Agriculture and Agricltural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2012) Omotesho, O. A.; Falola, A.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Oyeyemi, A.This study compares the technical efficiency of the adopters and the non-adopters of yam minisett technology in Kwara State, Nigeria in 2011. It also describes the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, examines their awareness about the technology and also determines the technical efficiency of the respondents. The study was conducted in Asa Local Area of the state based on the prior information obtained from the state’s Agricultural Development Project (Kwara State ADP) that yam minisett technology was more practised in the area than any other part of the state. Primary data obtained from sixty-four farmers, comprising thirty-two adopters and thirtytwo non-adopters of the technology was used for the study. Descriptive statistics and stochastic production frontier model were used for the analyses. The results showed that the adopters were made up of young, educated farmers who were members of farmers’cooperatives and had access to extension services. On the other hand, majority of the non-adopters were old, with less formal education and had no access to extension services and participation in cooperative societies. Analysis of the technical efficiency model revealed that the adopters and the non-adopters of the technology were 80% and 62% efficient respectively. This creates a wide gap between the adopters and the non-adopters of the innovation. Therefore, the study recommends sensitization of the farmers on the technology and its relevance to agricultural production, intensification of extension services by relevant agencies to educate the farmers on the technology, encouragement of the youths to actively participate in agriculture and apply the technology as well as formation of cooperative societies by the farmers to facilitate training and sharing of experience about the technology.Item Crop farmers’ willingness to pay for agricultural extension services in Kwara State, Nigeria.(Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State., 2015) Omotesho, K. F.; Ogunlade, I.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Falola, A.Item Determinants of Fertilizer Usage in Dry Season Amaranthus Vegetable Production in Kwara State, Nigeria(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, 2012) Adenuga, A.H.; Omotesho, K.F.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Olatinwo, K.B.; Fatoba, I.O.Amaranthus vegetable is often considered one of the most important leafy vegetables in the tropics because of its high dietary value. In spite of its importance, however, its production falls short of the ever-increasing domestic demand for it. Soil nutrient depletion following intensification without proper soil fertility management practices has been identified as one of the most important factor militating against its production. This study, therefore, carried out an assessment of the usage of recommended soil fertility management practices in dry season amaranthus vegetable production in Kwara state, Nigeria. A three-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample of 120 amaranthus vegetable farmers for the study. The major tools of analysis used for the study were descriptive statistics and the logistic regression model. The result of the analysis revealed that the usage of recommended soil fertility management practices in the study area is low. Furthermore, the results of the logistic regression model showed that farm size, contacts with extension agents and the educational status of the farmer had significant effects on the usage of recommended soil fertility management practices in the study area. The study, therefore, recommends that government should employ and train more agricultural extension agents to cater for the majority of farmers who lack access to information on the usage of recommended soil fertility management practices. Also, the farmers should be given appropriate orientation on the need to cultivate manageable farm size to ensure increased productivity and sustainability of available land put into use.Item Economic Analysis of the Marketing of Plantain Snacks (Dodo Ikire) in Ikire, Osun State(Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2016) Amolegbe, K.B.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Fayemo, K.A.Plantain is an important perennial crop that provides food security and income for small scale farmers and plantain marketing involves the role of middlemen in passing plantain from the farms to the markets. Hence, this research deals with the analysis of the marketing of plantain snacks (dodo ikire) in Ikire, Osun state. It seeks to bridge the gap of excess production which could lead to wastage of plantain fruits, which brings about making a palatable produce from unpalatable over-riped raw fruit of plantain by a an economic analysis of the marketing of plantain snacks. A two stage sampling technique was used for this study and a random sampling of 180 processors were initially selected for the study, however, only 157 of the sampled size were used for the study. In accordance to the objectives, tools like budgetary analysis, a four scaleliketh technique, multinomial logistic regression and correlation coefficient analysis were used to do justice to the study. Hence, results from the study showed that plantain snacks processing was profitable at any level of production. Also, the constraints hindering production and marketing of plantain snacks in the study area these include: high cost of raw materials, inadequate capital, seasonal shortage of water, high level of losses, low product price, poor transportation network, inadequate market and processing stress and the level of severity of all these were discovered. Therefore, this study recommends that processors should source for credit from the government through their association in order to have access to improved facilities such as presser to reduce the processing stress. Also, more knowledge should be shared among the processors as regards production strategies to improve the production strategies of the less competence ones and money generated in the association during meeting and other activities should be channelled towards the betterment of processors in the association.Item Economic Assessment of Pesticides Usage in Leafy Vegetable Production among small-scale Farmers in Kwara State(Nasarawa State University, Keffi, 2016) Oloyede, W.O.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Amolegbe, K.B.; Ibrahim, H.K.; Ogunsusi, A.A.The study assessed the returns to leafy vegetable production due to pesticide usage and examined the factors that influence pesticide usage in leafy vegetable production. Three-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents that were administered with a well-structured questionnaire. Descriptive Statistics, Gross Margin Analysis, and the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression were the analytical tools employed for the study. The findings revealed that Corchorus olitorius (Ewedu) was the most-produced vegetable by 84.17% of small-scale farmers, and the least-produced vegetable was Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter leaf). The total revenue of vegetable farmers is ₦3,268.00, and the gross margin is N1, 936.51 due to pesticide usage with a rate of returns of 59%. this indicated that leafy vegetable production is an essential income earner for farmers in the study area. The results of the multiple linear regression revealed that all the variables (age, fertilizer use, farm income, family size, farm size, years of experience, pesticide training, apathy and access to credit) were positively significant at 1%, 5% and 10% respectively. The findings of the study, therefore will inform the government and agricultural-related agencies on the relevance of pesticide usage for profitability in the production of leafy vegetables among small-scale farmers.Item Economics of Leafy Vegetable Production among Pastoralists in Kwara State, Nigeria(Islamic Azad University Shoushtar Branch. Iran, 2015) Omotesho, O.A.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Abdulganiyu, A.; Amolegbe, K.B.Degradation of grassland and the environment restricting access to grazing resources increased pastoral vulnerability to drought and loss of livestock assets which pose a threat to pastoral-based livelihoods. In response to these threats, many pastoral communities diversify their livelihood to agro-pastoralism. This shift led to increased sedentarization of the pastoralists, with many growing crops and vegetables commercially. Therefore, the study estimate the costs and returns to leafy vegetable production; and examines the technical efficiency level of the pastoralists’ leafy vegetable farmers. A multistage sampling was used to select one hundred and twenty-one (121) pastoralist leafy vegetable farmers as the sample for the study. Data were collected by means of structured interview schedule. Information was obtained on age, marital status, years of formal education, farming experience, land ownership, costs and revenue. Percentages, means and frequencies were the main descriptive statistical tools utilized while the inferential statistics used is the Stochastic Production Frontier. The study revealed that leafy vegetable production among pastoralists in the study area is profitable with a mean net income of 23,379.47. Also, the technical efficiency ranges between 60.1% - 99.0% and the mean technical efficiency of the pooled sample is 86.9%. The study, therefore, concluded that vegetable farming among pastoralists is a profitable venture. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should be encouraged by giving inputs and incentives. They should also be trained by extension agents on proper farming techniques so as to increase their profit.Item Economics of Quail Production in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria (AESON), 2017) Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Amolegbe, K.B.; Abdulsalam, O.A.This study assessed the economics of quail production in Ilorin, Kwara State. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 53 farmers that were selected with the use of a snow-ball sampling technique. Major tools of analysis for the study were descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and stochastic production frontier model. The study revealed that both males and females estimated at 54.7% and 45.3% respectively were actively involved in quail production. About 83.0% of the respondents were in the age range of 31-50 years. 66% of the respondents had tertiary education. Furthermore, gross margin analysis shows that an average of ₦212,850 was incurred on variable costs for which feed has the highest percentage (73.0%). The average net profit of ₦172,830 per production cycle per farm was realised. The mean technical efficiency in quail production was estimated at 60.5%. The major factors affecting the technical efficiency were feed, stock size, experience and farmer’s educational level. The research therefore recommended that efforts should be made to reduce feed cost through the establishment of feed mills which are to be monitored by the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) to maintain standardItem RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY BEHAVIOUR OF HOUSEHOLDS IN DEVELOPING NATIONS: A CASE STUDY(Clarion University, Pennysylvania, U.S.A., 2014) Abdulraheem, M.O.; Olorunfemi, J. F.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.Residential mobility described as the mechanism through which households adjust their housing consumption pattern in line with available housing provision has various implications for sustainable development in developing countries including Nigeria. This is in view of the fact that frequent mobility has remarkable implication on neighbourhood stability. This study examined the reasons for residential mobility among households in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Data used for this study were collected through systematic random sampling technique from 334 households with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Factor analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings of the study showed that 12 components account for ninety-eight percent of the reasons for residential mobility. The need for more space (9.04%), security (8.98%), new job opportunity (8.58%), constituted the most important factors. This study recommended a housing policy that will consider these parameters so as to sustain the relative peace usually enjoyed through neighbourhood stability.Item Technical Efficiency of Sugar Cane (Saccharum officinarum) Production in Niger State, Nigeria(Department. of Animal Science and Fisheries Cross River University of Technology Obubra Campus Cross River State Nigeria, 2014) Omotesho, O.A.; Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Olatinwo, K.B.; Adenuga, A.H.; Bello, A.J.Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) is grown by thousands of local farmers in Nigeria, yet the level of production has not kept pace with the level of consumption. This study was therefore carried out to examine the efficiency of sugar cane production in Niger State, Nigeria. The study sample comprised of 105 sugar cane producers selected across three Local Government Areas in Niger State. Major tools of analysis used for the study were the gross margin analysis and the stochastic frontiers model. Results of the study showed that a gross margin of N401606/ha was realized per farmer from sugar cane production. Also, the result of the stochastic frontier model shows that experience of the farmer and household size had significant effect on the efficiency of sugar cane production. A mean technical efficiency of 69.5% was obtained from the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) of the Stochastic Production Frontier. The study recommends that the government make inputs such as fertilizers and sugarcane cuttings available to farmers at a subsidized rate. Also, given the significant and negative relationship of herbicide usage and farmers’ output, it is important that the government organize trainings on the appropriate use of agricultural inputs for farmers to ensure increased production and profitability.Item Technical efficiency of youth participation in agriculture: A case study of the Youth-in-Agriculture Programme in Ondo State, south western Nigeria.(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uyo, 2009) Muhammad-Lawal, A.; Omotesho, O. A.; Falola, A.This study analysed the technical efficiency of the Youth-in-Agriculture Programme in Ondo State. Random sampling technique was used in selecting 110 respondents distributed across 23 farm locations for the programme in the state. Stochastic frontier model was employed in the study. The study shows that efficiency differentials exist among the youths in the programme. Furthermore, land, labour, herbicide and number of cassava cutting are the major factors that affect output of the youths’ production in the programme. The technical efficiency of the youth ranges from 33% to 96% with a mean of 85%. The study also shows that household size, years of participation in youth-in-agriculture programme, usage of extension information and level of education are the significant factors (p < 0.10) that account for the observed variation in efficiency among the participants. To achieve increased efficiency of production by the participants, this study recommends the need for farm expansion, increased access to herbicides and improved cassava cuttings as well as effective training for the participants.