Browsing by Author "Maiha, B.B"

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    Hypotensive activity of aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus Linn. (Euphorbiaceae)
    (Library and Publications Committee University of Ilorin, 2014) Ayanniyi, R.O; Maiha, B.B; Salawu, O.A; Jimoh Akanbi, M.J
    Croton zambesicus is a highly valued medicinal plant in Nigeria and in the West African sub-region. It is used by traditional medicine practitioners in the treatment of various ailments including hypertension. This study aims to determine the hypotensive activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus in experimental animals. The hypotensive activity of the aqueous extract was assessed in anaesthetized normotensive cats and effect of the extract on isolated right atrium of the guinea pig and isolated perfused heart of the rabbit were also determined. The aqueous extract (20-40 mg/kg i.v.) produced a significant (P<0.001) reduction in the blood pressure of the anaesthetized normotensive cat. The extract (2.5 mg/ml) produced a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the tone and rate of contraction of the isolated right atrium of the guinea pig. In addition, the extract (6.4 mg/ml) inhibited isoprenaline (10 nM)-induced contraction of the isolated rabbit heart. The data obtained from this study revealed that the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus has hypotensive and cardiac depressant activities. These findings provide a pharmacologic basis for use of the plant in management of hypertension in traditional medicine.
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    Phytochemical screening and evaluation of diuretic activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) in albino rats.
    (Library and Publications Committee University of Ilorin, 2016) Ayanniyi, R.O; Maiha, B.B; Biliamin, S.A; Jimoh Akanbi, M.H
    Background: Non optimal blood pressure has been reported as a leading cause of death globally. Croton zambesicus is a highly valued medicinal plant in Nigeria and the West African sub-region. It is used by traditional medicine practitioners in the management of hypertension. This study aims to determine the phytochemical constituents and evaluate the diuretic activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus in albino rats. Methods: The aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus was screened for phytochemical constituents. The effect of aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus on urine output was evaluated and the concentration of sodium and potassium in urine was also determined. Results: Phytochemical analysis of the aqueous leaf extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. The aqueous extract (10 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.001) increase in urine output when compared to the control and hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg) administered groups. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in Na+ and K+ concentrations of urine. The results obtained from this study revealed the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus contains bioactive constituents which includes; flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenes, alkaoids and cardiac glycosides. In addition, the leaf extract produced an increase in urine output comparable to that produced by hydrochlorothiazide.
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    Validity evidence of adapted hausa version of 8-item Marisky Medication Adherence Scale in patients with hypertension in North Western Nigeria
    (Bayero University, Kano., 2018) Giwa, A; Labaran, K.S; Mohammed, S; Maiha, B.B; Maaji, H.U; Yusuf, H; Ibrahim, A.W
    Adherence to antihypertensive medication is the cornerstone for achieving hypertension control. Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) is one of the most widely used reported medication adherence measures. The aim of this study was to examine the evidence of the validity of adapted Hausa MMAS in assessing adherence among hypertensive patients in North Western Nigeria. In a longitudinal interventional study of individuals with hypertension, self reported adherence to the antihypertensive drug treatment was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale consistency of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 with crobanch's alpha factorial validity was assessed by identifying the underlying components using principal component analyses (PCA). A total of 130 individuals completed the study. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.79. Two components were identified. One component comprised six items: stopping medication when hypertension is under control, stopping when feeling hassled about sticking to the prescription. The second component comprised two other items that were all related to forgetfulness. A significant relationship between MMAS and diastolic blood pressure control (t = 2.2; p = .030), (χ2 = 6.6; p = .036) was found. The MMAS sensitivity and specificity, with positive and negative predictive values were 36%, 77%, 64%, and 52% respectively. The results suggest that the adapted Hausa Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 is a two-dimensional scale assessing intentional (first component) and unintentional (second component) non-adherence to the antihypertensive drug treatment. The findings of this validation study indicate that the Hausa version of the MMAS is a reliable and valid measure of medication adherence among hypertensive patients in North-western Nigeria.