Browsing by Author "Lateef, Azeez A."
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Item Comparative Biodiversity Assessment of Weed Species in Monocropping Plantations of University of Ilorin, Nigeria(University of Ghana, 2020) Olayinka, Bolaji U.; Adeyemi, Sherif B; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Olahan, Ganiyu S.; Lateef, Azeez A.; Garuba, Taofeeq; AbdulRahaman, A. A.The present study investigates the weed species diversity in four plantations of university of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria using quadrat method. The survey revealed two major life cycles (annual and perennial) and recorded a total of 88 weed species belonging to 32 families. Four species (Azadirachta indica, Daniellia oliveri, Desmodium tortuosum, and Tridax procumbens) were common in all the surveyed plantations while thefamily Fabaceae was the most dominant. The abundant weed species analysis showed a high importance value index and were more adapted to the plantations. Diversity analysis revealed high species richness in the sugarcane plantation. The non-canopy nature of the plantation, soil structure as well as ability to coexist with many other species may underscore the reasons for this pattern of diversity. The evenness and similarity indices between and across the plantations were generally low, thus, indicating varying diversity. As a result of the recorded variation in weed composition between and across the plantations, the study has provided an insight on the pattern of weed diversity in the studied plantations. The study recommended that the most abundant weed species populations be checked for the plantations to thrive. Finally, there is an urgent need to conserve weed species that are not only rare in abundance but also showed great social and economic valuesItem Isolation and Physiological Studies of Fungi Associated with Post-Harvest Diseases of Selected Solanaceous Fruits in Ilorin Markets, Nigeria(Cameroon Biosciences Society (CBS),, 2018) Garuba, Taofeeq; Azeez, Jellel A.; Bello, Mariam O.; Lateef, Azeez A.This study was carried out to determine the fungi associated with diseases of some solanaceous crops stored in selected markets in Ilorin. The diseased sample fruits of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Eggplant (Solanum melongena) were randomly collected and isolation of fungi from the samples was carried out using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Pathogenicity test and physiological studies of the isolates were performed. Total of seven fungi, Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, A. oryzae, Colletotrichum coccodes, C. capsici, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Penicillum funiculosum and Rhizopus Stolonifer were isolated in all the sampled fruits and C. coccodes was present in all fruit samples. The results from pathogenicity test showed that C. coccodes was the most pathogenic fungus. The mycelia dry weights of C. coccodes in various media were 1.04g in glucose, 1.16g in sucrose and 1.13g in fructose. It was revealed that isolated fungi showed differential ability in utilizing different carbon sources.Item MICROBIAL LOAD AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH SWEET PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) DURING STORAGE(Institute of Biology, Bucharest, 2022) Garuba, Taofeeq; Lawal. Babatunde Y.; Lateef, Azeez A.; Olahan, Ganiyu S.Peppers are perishable and characterized with a short shelf life. Poor storage methods contribute immensely to their deterioration, leading to a great postharvest loss. This study is therefore aimed at isolation and characterization of fungi causing spoilage in sweet pepper during storage. Some healthy samples of Capsicum annuum fruits were collected from Lasoju farm located in Asa LGA of Kwara State, Nigeria in sterile polyethylene bags and transported to the laboratory. The fruits were kept in the refrigerator, at ambient condition and in an evaporative cooling system. The fruits were observed for spoilage at the end of the second and third week after storage. The spoiled samples were sterilized, cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar, incubated at 25°C for 3–28 days. Thereafter, the different fungal colonies resulted were sub-cultured to obtain pure cultures of each of them. It was revealed that polythene bag as storage material for Capsicum annuum promoted increase in microbial load, while the pure fungal isolates were identified morphologically and molecularly as Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus and Rhizopus oryzae. Therefore, the fresh fruits need to be properly handled and stored in order to eliminate or minimize fungal contamination.Item Molecular Characterisation of Potential Crop Pathogens Associated with Weeds as Endophytes in Unilorin Plantations, Nigeria(College of Science for WomenUniversity of Baghdad, 2022) Lateef, Azeez A.; Garuba, Taofeeq; Abdulkareem, Khadijah A.; Olayinka, Bolaji U.; Olahan, Ganiyu S; Adeyemi, Sherif B.; AbdulRahaman, AbdullahiItem Proximate Composition and Chemical Profiles of Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum (Curt: Fr.) Karst)(Faculty of Sciences, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh., 2020) Garuba, Taofeeq; Olahan, Ganiyu S.; Lateef, Azeez A.; Alaya, Rhamat O.; Awolowo, Michael; Sulyman, A.Ganoderma lucidum is a mushroom commonly used in folk medicine especially Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) but information on its nutritional and chemical profiles remains insufficient. This work aimed at evaluating proximate composition and identification of bioactive compounds in ethanolic extract of G. lucidum. Pulverized G. lucidum was suspended in ethanol in 1:10 and extraction was carried out by rotary evaporation to produce G. lucidum extract (GLE). Proximate composition of the sample was analyzed. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was carried out to identify different functional groups in GLE. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine the bioactive compounds of the sample. Proximate analysis revealed that the amount of carbohydrate in sample was the highest (44.95%), followed by protein (15.75%). FTIR results showed that OH, C=O, C-OH, N-H 1* and 2* and alkyl halide are functional groups in GLE. A total of twelve (12) bioactive compounds were identified and the most prevailing compound in GLE was ethyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate (45.95%), followed by ethylhexadecanoate / ethyl palmitate (18.09%). Guaiacol (4.95%), octadecanoic acid (5.37%), ethylcyclohexane (3.31%) were also present. It can be inferred from this study that G. lucidum is nutritional and contains bioactive compounds that are useful in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.Item Resistivity of ten Nigerian Guinea Savannah Timbers to Lentinus sajor-caju, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Subterranean Termites(Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa, 2021) Sadiku, Nusirat A.; Garuba, Taofeeq; Lateef, Azeez A.In this study, the resistivity of Ten Nigerian hardwood trees to fungi and subterranean termites was evaluated through visual and percentage weight loss using standard procedures in the Nigerian Guinea Savannah. The experimental samples were prepared from heartwood and sapwood portions of the species. Fungal decay resistance tests were conducted according to the ASTM D 2017-81 standard method using two fungi species, Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.) Fries. (white rot fungi) and Sclerotium rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. (teleomorph) (brown rot fungi). The wood specimens were also exposed to subterranean termites to determine their weight loss due to attack. After exposure, the species were grouped into durability classes based on the weight loss due to resistance of the heartwood to the selected biodeteriorating agents. Lannea welwitschii, Vitellaria paradoxa, Afzelia africana, Albizia zygia, and Syzygium guineense were found to be resistant to both fungi. Khaya ivorensis and Isoberlinia doka were highly resistant to S. rolfsii, and Vernonia colorata was highly resistant to L. sajor-caju. L. welwitschii and Irvingia gabonensis were nonresistant to termite attack unlike their resistance to both fungi, but Anogeissus leiocarpa was highly resistant unlike its moderate resistance to the fungi. K. ivorensis and I. doka were highly resistant to all the biodeteriorating agents. K. ivorensis was ranked best, whereas I. gabonensis was ranked lowest, in terms of their resistance against decay. K. ivorensis showed the highest resistance against termite attack, whereas L. welwitschii and I. gabonensis were nonresistant to termite attack. In general, K. ivorensis exhibited the best natural durability against the selected biodeteriorating agents.