Browsing by Author "Laro, K.O."

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    A GEOSPATIAL AND INTEGRATED EVALUATION OF MULTI-HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS IN THE SAHELIAN CORRIDOR OF NIGERIA
    (Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Federal University Dutsin Ma, 2025) Akinlotan, O.M.; Laro, K.O.
    This study presents a comprehensive, GIS-based multi-hazard risk assessment of the Sahelian corridor of Nigeria, focusing on three dominant and interconnected environmental hazards: flooding, erosion, and desertification. The research was guided by the central aim of assessing the increasing effects of these hazards, with specific objectives including assessing the interconnections of the three hazards. A geo-spatial methodology was employed, utilising a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment and diverse datasets, including DEMs, climate data, and socio-economic indicators, to map susceptibility for each hazard through reclassification and weighted overlay analysis. The analysis revealed a pervasive and interconnected threat landscape: 57.84% of the land falls into the high flood hazard zone, with an additional 12.65% in the very high hazard zone. For erosion, over 95% of the land is at moderate (71.24%) or high (24.35%) risk of soil loss. Desertification is also a significant threat, with 30.39% at moderate risk, 21.34% at high risk, and 7.03% at very high risk. The integrated multi-hazard risk assessment identified that 26.37% of the total study area is at high risk, and 4.07% is at very high risk. High-risk states identified are Jigawa, Sokoto, Yobe, and Zamfara, with the Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Shinkafi and Sokoto South classified as very high-risk hotspots. The study concludes that multi-hazard risk is amplified by human factors such as population density and infrastructure concentration, and recommends structural measures, such as drainage rehabilitation and afforestation, alongside non-structural measures, such as land-use planning and early warning systems, to enhance resilience and integrate risk assessments into local development policies.
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    Ambient Particulate and Gaseous Air Pollution Exposure among Secondary School Children in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Department of Geography, University of Dar es Salaam,, 2026-04-28) Laro, K.O.; Raheem, U. A.
    Air pollution remains a major environmental health concern globally, with children being particularly vulnerable due to the ongoing development of their respiratory systems, which typically continues through adolescence. This study analyses exposure to selected air pollutants among school children in Lagos State, Nigeria. A field-based quantitative approach was adopted, involving real-time in-situ air quality measurements conducted across 45 purposively selected secondary schools located in high-traffic, industrial, and residential zones. Measurements were collected during peak school hours using an Aeroqual Series 500 portable monitor (8-hour mean), capturing temporal variations associated with student activity and traffic intensity. Exposure was further quantified using the Total Respiratory Deposition Dose (TRDD) model, which integrates pollutant concentration, inhalation rate, and exposure duration to estimate the actual dose of particulate matter deposited in the respiratory system. The results indicated that while gaseous pollutants generally remained within acceptable limits, particulate matter concentrations frequently exceeded recommended thresholds. The findings also revealed that increased physical activity significantly elevates inhalation dose, indicating that children may experience higher internal exposure during routine school activities such as outdoor play. The elevated exposure and dose levels observed suggest increased risk of adverse respiratory effects, particularly in high exposure environments. These findings highlight the importance of addressing micro-environmental pollution within school settings. The recommended practical interventions include improved school siting, vegetation buffers, dust control measures, and regulation of traffic emissions around schools.
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    Regional Science and Regional Development
    (Stamford Lake Publication, 2018) Abdulraheem, M.O.; Raheem, W.M.; Laro, K.O.
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    Regional Science and Regional Development. In ‘’Human Geography – Concepts, Approaches and Trends’’
    (Published by Stamford Lake (Pvt.) Ltd. Sri Lanka., 2018) Abdulraheem, M.O.; Raheem, W.O.; Laro, K.O.
    INTRODUCTION: Regional science provide answers to actual issues of economic life of society – the optimum location of activities in the area , the calculus of costs corresponding to transport from one point to the other, the distance periphery to central areas, migration and other demographic phenomena, specialization, agglomeration economy of scale among other economic decisions (Antonescu,2012). The early period focused on the commercial hubs and administrative centers which were mostly core and urbanizedat the expense of the periphery,largely due to such factors as the availability of resources and natural endowment in the advantaged areas.Studies have shown that because natural resources are not evenly distributed, areas with surplus became favoured regions while those with less or none became disadvantaged.According to the UNDP(2011), these factors can be grouped into two main categories. The "hard factors" refer to those that cannot be changed due to natural endowment brought about by geographical location and or climate.The "soft factors" comprised of the institutional framework put in place by government in terms of policies,investments and programmes. In other words, the uneven distribution of natural endowments,differences in climate and physical conditions and lopsided institutional policies have been found responsible for the uneven economic opportunities available to population residing in different regions.consequently, these lopsided developments have triggered population movement that has in turn led to undue strain on the existing infrastructures, congestion, environmental degradation and sometimes slum development. The need to address the uneven spread of development across different regions gave rise to studies in regional development.
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    Review of the Application of Geographical Information System (GIS) In Tourism Development
    (Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., 2026) Adeniyi, E. E.; Laro, K.O.; Okafor, N. J.; Usman, A. N.