Browsing by Author "Kolawole, F. O."
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Item Cassava Leaf Nanoparticles (CLNPs) as a Potential Additive to Anti-Corrosion Coatings for Oil and Gas Pipeline(Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, 2017) Kolawole, F. O.; Kolawole, S. K.; Agunsoye, J. O.; Bello, S. A.; Adebisi, J. A.; Okoye, O. C.; Hassan, S. B.Characterization of synthesized cassava leaf nanoparticles (CLNPs) was carried out using SEM/EDX and Gwyddion software, XRD and TEM for cassava leaves (CL) ball milled at 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. The morphological study was done using SEM and the Gwyddion software was used to determine the particle sizes from the SEM images. The particle size range for the un-milled cassava leaves (CL) was between 1.88 + 0.09 to 19.53 + 0.98 μm. After milling for 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours the average particle sizes were 4.96 + 0.25, 3.51 + 0.18 μm, 86.90 + 4.35, 74.50 + 3.73 nm respectively. Crystallite size of 23.94 + 1.20 nm was obtained by XRD using Scherrer equation after milling for 72 hours and the XRD results revealed the presence of compounds such as SiO2, CaCO3, Ca2(SO4)2H2O and CaC2O4(H2O). Furthermore, TEM was used to determine nanoparticles after milling for 72 hours and the particle size ranged from 9.16 + 0.46 to 58.20 + 2.91 nm for cassava leaf nanoparticles (CLNPs) and EDX results showed trace element of O, Si, Ca, K, Fe and S in the CL milled for 72 hours . FTIR was also carried out to determine the nature of bond that exist in the organic compounds in CLNPs and GCMS analysis was used to reveal the organic compounds that were present in CLNPs. Anti-Corrosion coatings reduces corrosion activities to the bearest minimum.Item Extraction of Silica from Sugarcane Bagasse, Cassava Periderm and Maize Stalk: Proximate Analysis and Physico-Chemical Properties of Wastes(Springer, 2019) Adebisi, J. A.; Agunsoye, J. O.; Bello, S. A.; Kolawole, F. O.; Ramakokovhu, M. M.; Daramola, M. O.; Hassan, S. B.Indiscriminate disposal and burning of agricultural wastes constitute environmental pollution and increase in greenhouse gases emission. Renewable nature and availability of agricultural wastes has stimulated researchers to explore “wastes to wealth creation” policy. Three agricultural wastes were investigated for potential use for silica production. Proximate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), compositional analysis, calcination and statistical analysis were carried out to quantify the ash and establish presence of silica. Response surface methodology was used for statistical analysis of CP calcination. The proximate analysis showed that sugarcane bagasse, cassava periderm and maize stalk ash contents are 1.73, 4.93 and 4.80%, respectively. The EDS results showed that their ashes contain 5.22,6.10 and 7.01% silicon, respectively. XRF results revealed presence of 38% SiO2 in CP ash. XRD revealed presence of silica and silicates phases. TGA shows that their calcination temperature must be above 500 °C. Numerical optimization of CP calcination gave optimum condition of 700 °C for 270 min to attain 82% weight loss. Calcination regression equation exhibited high coefficient of determination ( R2) of 0.8225. The three wastes contain silica and silicates from which silica could be extracted. Calcination temperature and time have been established to be significant in ash content enhancement.Item Physical properties of coconut shell nanoparticles(Kathmandu University, Nepal, 2016) Bello, S. A.; Agunsoye, J. O.; Adebisi, J. A.; Kolawole, F. O.; Hassan, S. B.Physical properties such as apparent density, bulk density, compressibility index and particle sizes of carbonized and uncarbonized coconut shell nanoparticles produced through top down approach have been studied. Percentage composition of the coconut fruit was determined using five different coconut fruit samples. Results revealed that coir occupies the highest percentage; coconut shells account for 15 % while the flesh and liquid occupy 30 % of the whole coconut fruit. The apparent densities of the uncarbonized and carbonized coconut shell nanoparticles obtained at 70 hours of milling are 0.65 g/cm3 and 0.61 g/cm3 respectively. Their respective compressibility indices and average particle sizes are 46.4 % and 69.7 %; 50.01 nm and 14.29 nm. The difference in the particle sizes of the carbonized and uncarbonized coconut shell nanoparticles can be linked with reduction in the moisture content and volatiles of the carbonized coconut shell nanoparticles due to carbonization process. The reduction in the moisture and volatiles results in the enhanced hardness and brittleness of the carbonized coconut shells which facilitate their breakage during the course of milling than that of the uncarbonized coconut shells.Item Quasi Crystal Al (1xxx)/Carbonised Coconut Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterisation(Cambridge University Press, 2018) Bello, S. A.; Agunsoye, J. O.; Adebisi, J. A.; Kolawole, F. O.; Raji, N. K.; Hassan, S. B.A novel synthesis of Al (1xxx)/carbonised coconut shell (CCS) nanoparticles using a ball milling technique was investigated. Initial Al/0.1%CCS powders of an average size of 51.06μm was milled for a period of 70 h. The milled particles at 16, 46 and 70 h were characterized using X-ray diffractomer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Result revealed that the calculated particle crystallite size from XRD aided with Scherrer's equation is consistent with particle image sizes obtained from SEM aided with software. TEM image depicted variation in orientation and appearance of the Al 1xxx/0.1% CCS nanoparticles at different milling time. The wide variation in the particle size is attributable to different ball impacts on the individual powders during the ball milling process. Increased maximum absorbance observed with the milled particles when compared with the initial powders is an indication of quantum/nanosizing effect due to ball milling.Item Synthesis and Characterization of Cassava Bark Nanoparticles(Cambridge University Press, 2018) Kolawole, F. O.; Kolawole, S. K.; Agunsoye, J. O.; Bello, S. A.; Adebisi, J. A.; Soboyejo, W. O.; Hassan, S. B.Synthesis and characterization of cassava bark nanoparticles (CBNPs) was carried out using ball milling at 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. The morphology study was done using SEM and the Gwyddion software was used to determine the particle sizes from the SEM images. The particle distribution for the un-milled cassava bark (CB) was between 1.25 + 0.06 to 19.92 + 1.00 μm, while after milling for 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours the average particle size were 4.07 + 0.20, 4.00 + 0.20 μm, 80.90 + 4.05, 74.50 + 3.73 nm respectively. 13.68 + 0.68 nm was obtained by XRD using Scherrer equation after milling for 72 hours and the XRD results revealed the presence of compounds such as SiO2, CaCO3 and KAlSi3O8. TEM was used to determine nanoparticle size distribution after milling for 72 hours and the particle size ranged from 9.73 + 0.49 to 114.60 + 5.73 nm for cassava bark nanoparticles (CBNPs), EDX results showed trace element of Si, Ca, K, Fe, Al, O in the CB milled for 72hours.