Browsing by Author "Kola-Mustapha, A. T."
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Item Antimicrobial screening of Vernonia amygdalina and Calotropis procera Methanol Leaf Extracts(Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice (Published by Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin), 2016) Kola-Mustapha, A. T.; Ghazali, Y. O.; Iranloye, T. A.Herbal therapies and medicinal plants are fast growing in relevance in most societies around the world today due to their availability, relative safety and efficacy against numerous disease conditions. Vernonia amygdalina and Calotropis procera were investigated for their antimicrobial activities singly and in combination to determine their actions against skin infections. A sensitivity test was conducted for the extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Trichophyton rubrum. The extracts were tested individually and in combination at 0: 100, 25: 75, 50: 50, 75: 25 and 100: 0 Vernonia: Calotropis (V: C) ratios against the five organisms. Antimicrobial activities were determined via the agar diffusion method. Griseofulvin was used as the positive control against the fungal organisms while Augmentin/Clavulanate was used as control for the bacterial organisms. Results of sensitivity test showed that all the organisms were sensitive to each of the extracts at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. The extracts gave zones of inhibition ranging from 5.00 ± 1.24 to 30.00 ± 0.00 mm across the test organisms with the 75: 25 V: C combination yielding the highest zones across all the organisms and the Vernonia amygdalina only extract ranking second. This implies that the extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Calotropis procera used in combination results in a broad spectrum and increased intensity of activity as compared to when the extracts are used individually in what can be described as a ‘synergistic herb-herb’ interaction. This combination holds a great promise in the treatment of skin infections and exhibit potentials for topical pharmaceutical dosage formulations.Item Proteinease Inhibitory, Membrane Stabilization, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Evaluations of Leaves, Seeds and Calyces of Four Selected Edible Medicinal Plants.(Cogent Chemistry (Taylor and Francis Group), 2017) Kambizi, L; Bakare-Odunola, M. T.; Oladiji, A. T.; Kola-Mustapha, A. T.; Amusa, T. O.; Atolani, O; Njinga, N. S.; Quadri, A. L.The aqueous extracts of the edible parts of four common medicinal plants (Hibiscus sabdariffa, Telfairia occidentalis, Moringa oleifera and Ocimum gratissimum) readily consumed as food or supplements in many African settings are examined for some of their acclaimed pharmacological activities and possible potential associated risks. The classes of phytochemicals present are examined qualitatively and quantitatively, while the antioxidant activities were determined using three assays which include 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) assays. The anti-inflammatory activities were also examined using proteinase inhibitory assays and red blood cell membrane stabilisation assays. Both the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the plants indicated that the plants have potentials for applications in foods and nutraceuticals that can be used for the management of various ailments and diseases. However, the consumption of H. sabdariffa leaf should be highly regulated as the extract exhibited reduced cell membrane stabilisation activities at increased concentrations.Item A Review of Malaria in Nigeria(The Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy, 2005-01) Joda, A. E.; Kola-Mustapha, A. T.; Folawewo, I.; Jatto, B. E.; Quadri, U. F.Malaria is an important disease in developing countries. It causes significant morbidity and mortality especially to children and pregnant women. Currently the anti-malaria policy is being reviewed and so this article is being written with the view of refreshing our knowledge about malaria and highlighting some salient issues pertaining to the effect of anti-malarials on the heart