Browsing by Author "Katibi O.S."

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    Anti-fungal activity of Acalypha wilkesiana: a preliminary study of fungal isolates of clinical significance.
    (Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) Katibi O.S.; Aboh M.I.; Kola-Mustapha A.; Olatunji L.A.
    Background: Acalypha wilkesiana (AW), a popular medicinal plant has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of skin disorders including pityriasis versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis. As a prelude to clinical trials in humans, an experimental study was carried out to determine the spectrum of antifungal activity of 2 variants of the Acalypha wilkesiana plant. Materials and Methods: The ethanol extract and herbal cream formulation of the dried leaves of 2 cultivars (Macrophylla & Hoffmani) of Acalypha wilkesiana were investigated for in-vitro antifungal activity by disc diffusion and micro-broth dilution techniques. Organisms tested were typed cultures of Malassezia furfur, Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum; and clinical strains of Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton floccosum. Results: Both cultivars (Macrophylla and Hoffmanii) of the plant showed good activity against all the fungi tested except Microsporum canis (8.0±0.00; 7.00±0.00 mm). The greatest activity was observed against Trichophyton rubrum (22.0±0.00; 24.00±0.00 mm). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the crude extract ranged between 0.25 and 8 mg/ml for all organisms, while that of the herbal cream was 0.31-8mg/ml. The lowest MIC was seen with Candida albicans for both varieties of the plant. The Acalypha wilkesiana Hoffmanii demonstrated a greater activity against Candida albicans and Malassezia furufur than the A. wilkesiana Macrophylla. Conclusion: This study reveals Acalypha wilkesiana leaf extract has potential for development as a cream that can be used to treat superficial fungal skin infections.
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    Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Topical Gels Containing Acalypha wilkesiana
    (2021) Ubani-Ukoma U.N.; Ilomuanya M.A.O.; Amos S.I.; Aboh M; Katibi O.S.; Azubuike C.P; Salawu O.A.
    Traditional medicines used in developing countries in the treatment and management of diseases are mostly used in their crude forms, consequently, users are exposed to unwanted toxic effects due to no dosing standards and/or poor packaging. This study aims to formulate Acalypha wilkesiana leaves known for its antimicrobial properties into an appropriate conventional topical gel and standardize the formulation for possible use in the treatment of superficial skin infections. The minimum inhibitory concentration and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of methanol extracts of the red and green variants of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves were determined against select bacteria and fungi. The physical and microscopic properties, stability and compatibility of the extracts in different topical gels such as hydrogels, bigels and organogels were investigated and the effective strength of the extract for incorporation into the appropriate gel form was determined using antimicrobial sensitivity studies. The organogel was the most appropriate gel form for incorporation of the methanolic extract of Acalypha wilkesiana. Both variants of Acalypha wilkesiana showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus albus and antifungal activity against Microsporum canis and Malassezia furfur. Both were inactive against Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. The red Acalypha variant showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella oxytoca at a concentration of 125 mg/mL in the organogel. A topical organogel compatible with the two variants of Acalypha wilkesiana was developed and the antimicrobial assay showed potential therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of microbial skin infections caused by common skin pathogens
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    Prevalence of snoring and symptoms of sleep disordered breathing among primary school pupils in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Associations of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2012) Alabi, S.; Abdulkarim, A.A.; Musa, I.O.; Adegboye, O.A.; Aremu, S.K.; Abdur-Rahman, L.O.; Omokanye, H.K.; Katibi O.S.; Bello, O.A.; Anoba S.; Abd’razaq-Folorunsho, M.
    Background/Aim: Snoring is the production of sound from the upper aero-digestive tract during sleep due to turbulent airflow This study is to determine the prevalence, pattern, night and daytime symptoms of snoring among nursery and primary school pupils in Ilorin, Nigeria due to its public health importance. Materials and methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out among nursery /primary school pupils in Ilorin, Kwara state between April and September, 2010.Ten schools were selected randomly from 100 schools sited within the 3LGAs of Ilorin municipality. Also private and public schools with different parental social economic status were selected. The pupils were selected from nursery 2 to primary 6 in each school using the class registers with the aid of a table of random numbers with 1500 children assessed. The parents/guardians were made to fill the questionnaires and same returned with visitations to the schools twice weekly and reminders sent via phone calls. Data were analyzed using EPIINFO 2002 version 2 software. Results: 1500 questionnaires were given out but 909 were completely filled and returned (response rate of 61%.). There were 598(65.8%) non snorers (NSn) and 311(34.2%) snorers (Sn) at different scales with 153 male snorers to 158 female snorers. The ages of the children ranges from 3 to 16 years (mean ! SD, 8.3 ! 4.8 years. The mean age for the Sn was 8.2 and 8.3 for NSn (range 3–6 years). No statistical difference in age, gender or socio-economic status between Sn and NSn. 598(65.8%) were non snorers (NSn) and 311(34.2%) were snorers (Sn) especially in the age groups 3–6 years, 121(38.9%) and above 6 years of age 101(32.7%) and below 3 years were 89(28%). Conclusion: Snoring is an important health problem among the pupils as a significant percentage snores and most of them are between third and sixth year of life.