Browsing by Author "Joseph, J.K."

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    Effect of alligator pepper (Aframommum melegueta) and honey on proximate composition, microbial and sensory properties of West African soft cheese.
    (Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology, 2020) Badmos, A.A.; Odebisi-Omokanye, I.M.; Joseph, J.K.; Yusuff, A.T.; Adeyemi, K.D.; Okoli, F.P.; Arise, A.K.; Salami, Khadijat Onozare; Lawal, A.O.
    Cheese is a highly nutritious food but the supply is highly limited by its short shelf life in the tropics. Several attempts have been made through the use of natural preservatives to increase the shelf life of cheese. In this study, the effect of honey and ether extract of Aframommum melegueta (A. melegueta) on proximate, microbial and sensory properties of cheese was investigated using three levels (0, 3, and 6%) of the two additives in a 3×3 factorial experiment. The sensory value of the cheese samples was assessed by a 30-member panel, the proximate values determined and the bacterial status monitored over a 3-day period. The results showed at 3% level each of honey and ether extract of A. melegueta (3H;3A), there was a significant improvement in the protein and fat content of the soft cheese. The control cheese without the addition of the additives and the cheese fortified with 3% A. melegueta extract were the most acceptable to the sensory panelists. Lactic acid bacteria and non-lactic isolates were isolated from the cheese. The cheese treated with 6 % honey and 6 % A. melegueta extract (6H, 6A) had the lowest bacterial count. The following blends of honey and ether extract of A. melegueta - 6H, 6A; 3H;3A; 0H;6A and 6H;0A is recommended as preservatives and additives of West African Soft Cheese.
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    Effect of annealing on the functionality of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) starch–palmitic acid complex.
    (Published by Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), United Kingdom., 2018) Oyeyinka, S.A.; Adegoke, R.; Oyeyinka, A.T.; Salami, K.O.; Olagunju, O.F.; Kolawole, F.L.; Joseph, J.K.; Bolarinwa, I.F.
    Bambara groundnut is an underutilised African leguminous crop. This study investigated the effect of annealing on the complexing ability and functionality of Bambara groundnut starch with palmitic acid. Corn starch was included as the reference. Annealing created cracks and pores on the surface of Bambara groundnut and corn starches, respectively. Bambara groundnut starch had significantly higher amylose content, higher peak and final viscosities than corn starch. The peak viscosities of native Bambara groundnut and corn starches significantly reduced with palmitic acid addition. Greater reduction in peak viscosities was observed when the annealed starches were complexed with palmitic acid, suggesting that more palmitic acid was complexed after annealing. This was confirmed by XRD peaks and melting enthalpies. Pasting of native Bambara groundnut and corn starches with palmitic acid resulted in the formation of type I V-amylose complexes, while type II complexes were formed from annealed starches pasted with palmitic acid.
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    Investigation on Biochemically Processed Castor Seed Meal in Nutrition and Physiology of Japanese Quails
    (Islamic, Azad University, Rasht Branch, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Pol-e Taleshan, Rasht, Iran., 2017) Annongu, A.A.; Atteh, J.O.; Joseph, J.K.; Belewu, M.A.; Adeyina, A.O.; Akanbi, A.S.; Yusuff, A.T.; Sola-Ojo, F.E.; Ajide, S.O.; Chimezie, V.O.; Edoh, J.H.
    Native de-oiled and treated castor seed meal was subjected to proximate analysis and quantification of anti-nutrients (phytochemicals). Seed cake was treated by biochemical technique of solid state fermentation with Aspergillus niger and addition of calcium oxide (CaO) to give treated castor seed meal (TCSM). One hundred and twenty Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed four (4) iso-nitrogemous and iso-caloric diets containing 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% TCSM corresponding to the diet 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. While the feeding trial lasted for 56 days, feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Data on proximate composition showed that raw seed, defatted residue (cake) and the processed castor seed meal contained valuable nutrients like dry matter, crude protein, fat, fibre, mineral matter and soluble carbohydrate (NFE). Phytochemical quantification gave high levels of the anti-nutrients such as ricin, allergens, ricinine in the raw seed. However, levels of these phytochemicals were reduced by defatting and treatments of the cake meal by solid state fermentation, A. niger and CaO. Performance traits indicated decreases in feed intake, weight gain, growth and increases in mortality rates especially on the diet with the highest (7.5%) inclusion of TCSM compared to the control diet (P<0.05). Nutrients retentions on the test feedstuff were not comparable with values on the reference diet on soluble carbohydrate values which decreased with increasing CSM (P<0.05) relative to the control diet. In haematological parameters packed cell volume (PCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values on diets with TCSM were exceptionally high relative to the control diet (P<0.05). However, biochemical indices (serum protein, albumin, globulin, albumin:globulin ratio and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were not influenced by dietary CSM (P>0.05). Enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) showed decreasing trend with increasing level of CSM in diets (P<0.05). Profiling electrolytes in the fed quails showed significant variations in concentrations of Ca++ and HCO3- on TCSM based diets (P<0.05) comparable with the control diet values. Conclusively, despite treating CSM by solid state fermentation with A. niger and CaO addition in this trial, TCSM addition still appears to induce toxic and deleterious effects on the quails. Subsequent works to enable inclusions at acceptable and higher levels after treatments are on-going.
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    Value added snacks produced from Bambara groundnut (Vigna Subterranea)
    (Elsevier for Journal of the Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology, 2018) Oyeyinka, S.A,; Tijani, T.S.; Oyeyinka, A.T.; Arise, A.K,; Balogun, M.A.; Kolawole, F,L.; Obalowu, M.A.; Joseph, J.K.
    Bambara groundnut is an underutilised leguminous crop that has similar composition to cowpea. In this study, snacks were prepared from Bambara groundnut flour or paste in comparison with cowpea. The proximate composition, colour, sensory properties and effect of storage period on the colour and texture of the snack were assessed. Protein and carbohydrate were the main components of Bambara groundnut flour and the snack. Snacks prepared from Bambara groundnut flour showed higher protein content (23.41 g/100 g) than the sample made from Bambara groundnut paste (19.35 g/100 g). Generally, snacks prepared from paste had higher ratings in all sensory attributes than those made from the flour. Colour intensity of the snacks slightly decreased, while the samples picked up moisture during storage. Storage of the snacks in high density polyethylene bags under ambient conditions of about 25 °C can keep the samples for less than4wk,as samples showed evidence of mould growth at 4 wk